Census of Urban Morphology: Recent Developments and ...Census of Urban Morphology: Recent...
Transcript of Census of Urban Morphology: Recent Developments and ...Census of Urban Morphology: Recent...
Census of Urban Morphology: Recent Developments and Potential of the World Urban
Database and Access Portal Tools (WUDAPT) Global Initiative
AssociateProf.ChaoREN1,21. SchoolofArchitecture,TheChineseUniversityofHongKong,Sha=n,N.T.,HongKong2. TheIns=tuteofFutureCi=es,TheChineseUniversityofHongKong,Sha=n,N.T.,HongKong
Ci4eshavethepowertochangetheworld,b����������������������������������!������� �������
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Accordingtothesepopula=onfigures,fromtheUnitedNa=ons,nearly9%oftheworld'spopula=onwillbe
livingin41megaci4esby2030.�
2030
So,whatistheimpactofmegaandhigh-densitycompactci4esontheirurbanclimate?�
THEFUTURETowardmega,compact,andhabitableci4es�
#Fixed’ – Location
‘Modulators’ – Time, Weather
‘Manageable’ (policy, planning, design) – Size, Form, Metabolism
What influences Urban Climate?
High Density Built Environment�
Sourcefrom:hLp://www.scmp.com/magazines/48hrs/ar4cle/1736867/city-angles-hong-kong-seen-through-lenses-three-photographers
Lowurbanairvolume poorAirVen=la=onHighsurfacetemperature hoKerurbanenvironment
heatstressLowskyview hotaircannotescape
heatcannotradiateoutNoshading directsunlight
hoKerurbanenvironmentNogreenery reducedevapotranspira=on
hoKerurbanenvironment
Severeacuterespiratorysyndrome(SARS)in2003�
Causedabout300DIEDwithin2months�
(FigureadaptedfromClimateChange2001:TheScien3ficBasis)�
More Unpredictable Weather Extremes….�
More Heatwaves in the near future….�Heat Stress, Heat Stroke, Heat related Mortality…�
FloodingIssues
New Urban Agenda QuitoDeclara=ononSustainableCi4esandHumanSeLlementsforAll
Quito implementation plan for the New Urban Agenda Transforma4vecommitmentsforsustainableurbandevelopmentfrom:social,economicandenvironmentaldimensions
InHABITATIII,WEDECIDETHEFUTUREOFCITIESTOGETHER
Meteorologists,Climatologists�Ecologists,Aero-dynamists,WindEngineers�EnvironmentalScien=sts�
GISandRemoteSensingResearchers,etc….
TownPlanners,Architects,LandscapeArchitects,GovernmentalOfficials,PolicyMakers,etc..
Gap? Linkage?
Scien=ficCommunity DesignStakeholders
The Missing Link�
‘Local Climate Zone’ Scheme (Stewart&Oke,2012)
The World Urban Database and Access Portal Tools (WUDAPT)
The most recent report from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) notes the dearth of information on urban areas. The goal of the WUDAPT initiative is to fill this demand.
• Acquireandmakeaccessiblecoherentandconsistentdescrip=onsandinforma=onintheaspectsofFORMAndFUNCTIONofci=esrelevanttoclimatestudiesonWORLDWIDEbasis.
Objec=ve1
• BuildPortal(tools)thatwillEXTRACTrelevanturbanparametersandproper=esformodelsandformodelAPPLICATIONSatappropriatescalesforvariousclimate,weather,UrbanPlanningpurposes.
Objec=ve2
Two Objectives
3 Levels of WUDAPT Products
Level0• Ci=esaremappedusingtheLocalClimateZonescheme(Stewart&Oke,2012).EachLCZtypeisdescribedintermsofthetypicalappearanceofeachinground-basedandaerialphotographsandislinkedtosomeurbanparametervalues.
Level1• TheLCZmapsareusedtosampleurbanlandscapestoprovidemoreinforma=onontheaspectsofformandfunc=oningreaterdetails.
Level2• Thisisthehighestlevelanditreferstourbandatagatheredataspecifiedspa=alscale(e.g.250m)acrosstheen=reurbanarea(‘wall-to-wall’coverage).
(Ching,etal.,2016)
l C40ci4esingreen�l WUDAPTci4es�
More than 120 Cities involved (Dec. 2016)�
WWW.WUDAPT.ORG
Collaboration Partners & Supporters
Core Teams
The Chinese University of Hong Kong �
WUDAPT: Major Cities in China
BeijingShanghaiWuhanGuangzhouChangshaDalianGuangzhouHangzhouJinanNanjingQingdaoShanghaiShenyangTianjingXi’anXiamen………By Jun 2016, we have finished the LCZmappingwork for 57 all provincial capital ci=es andmajoreconomicbigregions.
When you later work on urban climate study in China, you don’t need to worry about its urban morphological data.
Roadmap of WUDAPT Global Initiative Project
AirPollu4on
UrbanPlanning
Climate&
Weather
PublicHealth
Ecology
CO2Emission
WUDAPTProduct
EnergyCost
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Historical Urban Morphology Extraction & Application
Level0WUDAPTProduct&Applica=ons
198819992009
1993� 2002�
(USGSLanduseDatabase)
Local Climate Zone Map for the Pearl River Delta Region (the1980’s- the2010’s)
APPLICATIONS�
1988�
2010�
June� July�
Temperatureday4me@2mheightaboveground�
WindSimula4onResult(day4me)@10mheightaboveground�1988�
2010�
June� July� August�
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New Technology for 3-D Urban Morphology Extraction
Level1&2WUDAPTProduct&Applica=ons
Stereoimages�
SARimages�
Procedureoftheproposedapproach�
Stage1�
Adopting Multi-source Satellite images
Xu,Y.,etal.,ASatellite-basedAnalysisofUrbanMorphologicalParametersandTheirImpactonUrbanClima3cVaria3oninHigh-densityUrbanAreasLandscapeandUrbanPlanning,2016.(underreview).
Accuracy:70-90%viates3ngthebelowfivemorphologicalparameters)ü Low-cost;ü Fast;ü Largecoverageü Update
Accuracy of Extracted 3-D Urban Morphology Data
Xu,Y.,etal.,ASatellite-basedAnalysisofUrbanMorphologicalParametersandTheirImpactonUrbanClima3cVaria3oninHigh-densityUrbanAreasLandscapeandUrbanPlanning,2016.(underreview).
Applications of Extracted 3-D Urban Morphology Data
• WUDAPTlevel1&2applica=ons
• Urbanclima=canalysisandWeather/Clima=cModelling,likeWRF;
• EnergyBalancestudy;• Clima=c-Spa=alAnalysisand
Planning,likeUrbanClima=cMap;
• Earlywarningofhigh-riskurbanareaswithadverseurbanclimateissues.
Xu,Y.,etal.,ASatellite-basedAnalysisofUrbanMorphologicalParametersandTheirImpactonUrbanClima3cVaria3oninHigh-densityUrbanAreasLandscapeandUrbanPlanning,2017.(underreview).
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RMSE=0.02�
Application into Urban Ventilation Assessment
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MeanRadiantTemperature(TMRT)Simula=onsbasedonSOLWEIGmodelusing(a)actualbuilding;(b)resultbyproposedapproach�
Application into the study of Mean Radiant Temperature based on SOLWEIG model Simulations
Other on-going Collaborations and Applications
‘Digital Belt & Road’ Initiative Collaboration with the Chinese Academy of Sciences
On-going Projects & Collaborations
80 Selected Cities, 20 Countries’ Support and Involvement
Yangon, Myanmar Warsaw, Poland Karachi, Pakistan Tehran, Iran … …
‘Atlas of the Human Planet’ Collaboration with GEO, European Commission
Population Grid in 3D - Asia Atlas of the Human Planet
Source: Atlas of the Human Planet, GEO
On-going Projects & Collaborations
‘Shanghai Integrated Urban Weather and Climate Service Demonstration Project’ Supported by World Meteorological Organization
On-going Projects & Collaborations
Source:������� ����������� ������������������������������������������������ �� ��������� �������� ���������������!����
TheInfluencesofUrban-scaleFlowonAirPollu4oninSFOBayArea�
District� Building�
On-going Projects & Collaborations
Cross-scale Energy Calculation Toolbox Development �
Region/City� EnergyCostEs4ma4on�
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Issues:• HowCityspecific?• Vegeta=ontype?• Buildingage?• SocioEconomic?
(Masson,2017)
2017IEEEGRSSDataFusionContest
The2017IEEEGRSSDataFusionContestwasorganizedbytheIADFTCincollabora=onwithWUDAPTandGeoWiki.
Over800Submissionswerereceived!�
WeareTop4!Authors:YongXu,FanMa,DeyuMeng,ChaoRen,YeeLeung
(TheChineseUniversityofHongKongandXi’anJiaotongUniversity,China)
Open data for global multimodal land use classification�
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Data Science and Informatics Technology
Applications & Implementations
Policy Change
People’s Urban Living Quality Improvement
Data Science in Time, Data Science in Space
We have the Technology and we have the Team
We have an Idea.
All we need is further Collaborations and Resources
Will YOU join us?
Data Science in Time, Data Science in Space