Cellular TransportCellular Transport

7.47.4

I. Passive TransportI. Passive Transport

A A Passive TransportPassive Transport- The - The movement of particles across movement of particles across the plasma membrane the plasma membrane WITHOUT USING ENERGY.WITHOUT USING ENERGY.

1. Goes WITH the concentration 1. Goes WITH the concentration gradient (High to Low)gradient (High to Low)

III. Passive TransportIII. Passive Transport

B. Types of Passive TransportB. Types of Passive Transport1. Simple diffusion 1. Simple diffusion 2. Facilitated Diffusion2. Facilitated Diffusion

3. Osmosis3. Osmosis

I. Passive TransportI. Passive Transport

Ammonia/Air Freshener demoAmmonia/Air Freshener demo

C. C. DiffusionDiffusion- The movement of - The movement of particles from higher particles from higher concentration to an area of concentration to an area of lower concentrationlower concentration

D. D. Facilitated DiffusionFacilitated Diffusion- The - The diffusion of particles using diffusion of particles using carrier or channel proteins.carrier or channel proteins.

I. Passive TransportI. Passive Transport

E. E. OsmosisOsmosis- The diffusion of water - The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable across a selectively permeable membrane.membrane.

1. Water moves to spread out 1. Water moves to spread out solid particles.solid particles.

2. Once again, the water 2. Once again, the water particles and the solid particles particles and the solid particles are trying to reach are trying to reach equilibriumequilibrium..

II. OsmosisII. Osmosis

3. U Tube Demonstration (pg. 203)3. U Tube Demonstration (pg. 203)

a). If there are more solid a). If there are more solid particles on one side of the particles on one side of the membrane the water will actually membrane the water will actually move toward that side making move toward that side making the water level uneven.the water level uneven.

1). it even works against 1). it even works against gravitygravity

II. OsmosisII. Osmosis4. Isotonic Solutions4. Isotonic Solutions

a) Most cells are surrounded by a) Most cells are surrounded by water.water.

b) If a cell is in an b) If a cell is in an isotonic isotonic solutionsolution the concentration of the concentration of solid particles solid particles insideinside the cell is the cell is equal to the concentration of equal to the concentration of solid particles on the solid particles on the outsideoutside of of the cell.the cell.

II. OsmosisII. Osmosis

c) The water particles still move c) The water particles still move back and forth, but at an equal back and forth, but at an equal rate.rate.

II. OsmosisII. Osmosis

5. Hypotonic Solutions5. Hypotonic Solutionsa) If a cell is in a a) If a cell is in a hypotonic hypotonic solutionsolution the concentration of the concentration of solid particles on the inside of solid particles on the inside of the cell is the cell is higherhigher than the than the concentration of solid particles in concentration of solid particles in the solution.the solution.b) Water moves in toward the b) Water moves in toward the higher concentration of particleshigher concentration of particles

II. OsmosisII. Osmosis

c) Memory Trick: Cells in a c) Memory Trick: Cells in a hypohypotonic solution swell like a tonic solution swell like a hippohippo!!

d) Watering a plant causes a cell d) Watering a plant causes a cell to take in water, increase turgor to take in water, increase turgor pressure and make the plant pressure and make the plant stand up.stand up.

II. OsmosisII. Osmosis

6. Hypertonic Solution6. Hypertonic Solution

a) If a cell is in a a) If a cell is in a hypertonic hypertonic solutionsolution the concentration of the concentration of solid particles is greater in the solid particles is greater in the solution than in the cell.solution than in the cell.

b) The water will move outb) The water will move out

c) Cells shrivel due to decrease c) Cells shrivel due to decrease in pressure (crenation) in pressure (crenation)

II. OsmosisII. Osmosis

d) Memory trick: The water in d) Memory trick: The water in the cell is the cell is hyperhyper and wants to and wants to get out of the cell.get out of the cell.

III. Active TransportIII. Active Transport

A. A. Active TransportActive Transport- The - The movement of particles across movement of particles across the plasma membrane that the plasma membrane that REQUIRES USING ENERGY.REQUIRES USING ENERGY.

1. Goes AGAINST the 1. Goes AGAINST the concentration gradient (Low to concentration gradient (Low to High)High)

2. Uses carrier proteins2. Uses carrier proteins

II. Active TransportII. Active Transport

a. The carrier protein waits for a a. The carrier protein waits for a specific particle to bind with it.specific particle to bind with it.

b. Energy is then used to b. Energy is then used to change the shape of the carrier change the shape of the carrier protein to allow that particle to protein to allow that particle to enter the cell.enter the cell.

c. The carrier protein then c. The carrier protein then returns to its original shapereturns to its original shape

III. Transporting Large MoleculesIII. Transporting Large Molecules

A. A. EndocytosisEndocytosis- The process of the - The process of the cell membrane engulfing a large cell membrane engulfing a large molecule and turning it into a molecule and turning it into a vacuole inside the cell.vacuole inside the cell.

B. B. ExocytosisExocytosis- The process of - The process of expelling large wastes from the expelling large wastes from the cell.cell.a. Also used to release a. Also used to release hormoneshormones

V. Transporting Large MoleculesV. Transporting Large Molecules

C. Endocytosis and Exocytosis both C. Endocytosis and Exocytosis both require energy.require energy.

RecapRecap

-What is diffusion?-What is diffusion?-What is osmosis?-What is osmosis?-How will the water particles move if -How will the water particles move if

a cell is in an isotonic solution?a cell is in an isotonic solution?-How will the water particles move if -How will the water particles move if

a cell is in a hypotonic solution?a cell is in a hypotonic solution?-How will the water particles move if -How will the water particles move if

a cell is in a hypertonic solution?a cell is in a hypertonic solution?

RecapRecap

-What is passive transport?-What is passive transport?

-What is facilitated diffusion? What -What is facilitated diffusion? What are the two types of proteins are the two types of proteins used?used?

-What is active transport? What -What is active transport? What type of protein is used?type of protein is used?

-Compare endocytosis and -Compare endocytosis and exocytosis.exocytosis.