CELLS AND CELL THEORY. CELL SCIENTISTS Robert Hooke-1665, observed small cavities in cork which he...

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CELLS AND CELL THEORY

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Transcript of CELLS AND CELL THEORY. CELL SCIENTISTS Robert Hooke-1665, observed small cavities in cork which he...

Page 1: CELLS AND CELL THEORY. CELL SCIENTISTS Robert Hooke-1665, observed small cavities in cork which he called cells.

CELLS AND CELL

THEORY

Page 2: CELLS AND CELL THEORY. CELL SCIENTISTS Robert Hooke-1665, observed small cavities in cork which he called cells.

CELL SCIENTISTS

Robert Hooke-1665, observedsmall cavities in cork which he called cells.

Page 3: CELLS AND CELL THEORY. CELL SCIENTISTS Robert Hooke-1665, observed small cavities in cork which he called cells.

Anton van Leeuwenhoek-late 1600’s, refined the microscope; saw single-celledorganisms which he called“animalcules”

Page 4: CELLS AND CELL THEORY. CELL SCIENTISTS Robert Hooke-1665, observed small cavities in cork which he called cells.

Rene Dutrochet-1824, discovered osmosis; concludedthat plants and animals areboth made of cells.

Page 5: CELLS AND CELL THEORY. CELL SCIENTISTS Robert Hooke-1665, observed small cavities in cork which he called cells.

Robert Brown-1831, Firstto see and name the nucleus

Page 6: CELLS AND CELL THEORY. CELL SCIENTISTS Robert Hooke-1665, observed small cavities in cork which he called cells.

Felix Dujardin-1835, first tonotice cytoplasm

Page 7: CELLS AND CELL THEORY. CELL SCIENTISTS Robert Hooke-1665, observed small cavities in cork which he called cells.

Matthias Schleiden-1839, wrote a paper stating all plants are made of cells

Page 8: CELLS AND CELL THEORY. CELL SCIENTISTS Robert Hooke-1665, observed small cavities in cork which he called cells.

Theodor Schwann-1839,wrote a paper stating all animals are made of cells.

Page 9: CELLS AND CELL THEORY. CELL SCIENTISTS Robert Hooke-1665, observed small cavities in cork which he called cells.

Rudolf Virchow-1855, firstto see cell division

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CELL THEORY:•All living things are madeof cells•Cells are structurally andfunctionally similar•Cells come from other cells

Page 11: CELLS AND CELL THEORY. CELL SCIENTISTS Robert Hooke-1665, observed small cavities in cork which he called cells.

WHAT IS A CELL?

The smallest unit thatcan perform all life

processes.

Page 12: CELLS AND CELL THEORY. CELL SCIENTISTS Robert Hooke-1665, observed small cavities in cork which he called cells.

What is an Organelle?

•one of several specialized structures, suspended in the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell.

Page 13: CELLS AND CELL THEORY. CELL SCIENTISTS Robert Hooke-1665, observed small cavities in cork which he called cells.

Prokaryotic Cells:1. No nucleus2. No membrane-bound organelles3. Very small4. DNA in one loop5. Only bacteria

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Page 15: CELLS AND CELL THEORY. CELL SCIENTISTS Robert Hooke-1665, observed small cavities in cork which he called cells.

Eukaryotic Cells:1. DNA in long strands(chromatin) in nucleus2. Large in comparison to bacteria (prokaryotes)3. Many membrane-boundorganelles4. All other organisms, exceptbacteria

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Page 17: CELLS AND CELL THEORY. CELL SCIENTISTS Robert Hooke-1665, observed small cavities in cork which he called cells.

EUKARYOTICCELL STRUCTURE:

CELL MEMBRANE-Encloses all parts of the cell;Controls what goes in and out

Page 18: CELLS AND CELL THEORY. CELL SCIENTISTS Robert Hooke-1665, observed small cavities in cork which he called cells.

Cell Membrane Structure:

•Phospholipid bilayer•Embedded with proteins:(Marker, Channel, Receptor)•Glycolipids•Glycoproteins•Fluid Mosaic Model

Page 19: CELLS AND CELL THEORY. CELL SCIENTISTS Robert Hooke-1665, observed small cavities in cork which he called cells.
Page 20: CELLS AND CELL THEORY. CELL SCIENTISTS Robert Hooke-1665, observed small cavities in cork which he called cells.

Cell Wall:

•Found in plants•Made of cellulose•Surrounds cell membrane•Provides rigidity for plant

Page 21: CELLS AND CELL THEORY. CELL SCIENTISTS Robert Hooke-1665, observed small cavities in cork which he called cells.

CELLWALL

Page 22: CELLS AND CELL THEORY. CELL SCIENTISTS Robert Hooke-1665, observed small cavities in cork which he called cells.

Cytoplasm:

•Jelly-like substance in a cell•Surrounds other cell parts•Composed of water, salt, & other organic molecules

Page 23: CELLS AND CELL THEORY. CELL SCIENTISTS Robert Hooke-1665, observed small cavities in cork which he called cells.

cytoplasm

Page 24: CELLS AND CELL THEORY. CELL SCIENTISTS Robert Hooke-1665, observed small cavities in cork which he called cells.

Nucleus:•Directs & stores instructions for cell functions•Encloses DNA (chromatin)

Page 25: CELLS AND CELL THEORY. CELL SCIENTISTS Robert Hooke-1665, observed small cavities in cork which he called cells.

Nuclear Membrane• Double membrane that isolates the

interior of the nucleus from the cytoplasm

• Has pores to allow things to be transported into and out of the nucleus.

• 4 phospholipid layers

Page 26: CELLS AND CELL THEORY. CELL SCIENTISTS Robert Hooke-1665, observed small cavities in cork which he called cells.

Nucleolus:•Inside of nucleus•Assembles ribosomes•May be 1 or more than 1

nucleolus

Page 27: CELLS AND CELL THEORY. CELL SCIENTISTS Robert Hooke-1665, observed small cavities in cork which he called cells.

Chromatin:•Long strands of a DNA-protein complex found innucleus

chromatin

Page 28: CELLS AND CELL THEORY. CELL SCIENTISTS Robert Hooke-1665, observed small cavities in cork which he called cells.

Nucleoplasm:•A viscous fluid in the

nucleus in which the chromatin & nucleolus are suspended.

Page 29: CELLS AND CELL THEORY. CELL SCIENTISTS Robert Hooke-1665, observed small cavities in cork which he called cells.

Ribosomes:•Protein factories of cell•Line up amino acids in correct order ribosomes

Page 30: CELLS AND CELL THEORY. CELL SCIENTISTS Robert Hooke-1665, observed small cavities in cork which he called cells.

Mitochondria:•“Powerhouses” of cell•Make ATP•Complete breaking down of glucose molecules

Page 31: CELLS AND CELL THEORY. CELL SCIENTISTS Robert Hooke-1665, observed small cavities in cork which he called cells.

Golgi Apparatus:•Packages & distributes organic molecules that leave the cell•Surround molecules withmembrane

Page 32: CELLS AND CELL THEORY. CELL SCIENTISTS Robert Hooke-1665, observed small cavities in cork which he called cells.
Page 33: CELLS AND CELL THEORY. CELL SCIENTISTS Robert Hooke-1665, observed small cavities in cork which he called cells.

Lysosomes:

Bags of enzymes that:•Digest macromolecules•Digest worn out cell parts•Destroy invading bacteria

Page 34: CELLS AND CELL THEORY. CELL SCIENTISTS Robert Hooke-1665, observed small cavities in cork which he called cells.
Page 35: CELLS AND CELL THEORY. CELL SCIENTISTS Robert Hooke-1665, observed small cavities in cork which he called cells.

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER):

•Membrane system of folded sacs & tunnels•Helps maintain homeostasis

Page 36: CELLS AND CELL THEORY. CELL SCIENTISTS Robert Hooke-1665, observed small cavities in cork which he called cells.

•Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER):•Rough ER has ribosomes & transports proteins•Smooth ER has no ribosomes & transports lipid & carbs.•Attached to nucleus

Page 37: CELLS AND CELL THEORY. CELL SCIENTISTS Robert Hooke-1665, observed small cavities in cork which he called cells.
Page 38: CELLS AND CELL THEORY. CELL SCIENTISTS Robert Hooke-1665, observed small cavities in cork which he called cells.

Centrioles & Centrosomes:•Organizing centers for celldivision•Found only in animal cells

centrosomecentrioles

Page 39: CELLS AND CELL THEORY. CELL SCIENTISTS Robert Hooke-1665, observed small cavities in cork which he called cells.

PLASTIDS:

A class of organelles foundonly in plants and in someprotists.

Page 40: CELLS AND CELL THEORY. CELL SCIENTISTS Robert Hooke-1665, observed small cavities in cork which he called cells.

Chloroplasts:•Site where glucose is made•Contain chlorophyll

Page 41: CELLS AND CELL THEORY. CELL SCIENTISTS Robert Hooke-1665, observed small cavities in cork which he called cells.

Leucoplasts:•Change glucose to starch•Look like grains of rice•Starch is stored here

leucoplast

Page 42: CELLS AND CELL THEORY. CELL SCIENTISTS Robert Hooke-1665, observed small cavities in cork which he called cells.

•Manufacture & store plantpigments•Red, orange, purple, yellow•Found in fruit, flowers &colorful leaves

Page 43: CELLS AND CELL THEORY. CELL SCIENTISTS Robert Hooke-1665, observed small cavities in cork which he called cells.
Page 44: CELLS AND CELL THEORY. CELL SCIENTISTS Robert Hooke-1665, observed small cavities in cork which he called cells.

Vacuoles:•Fluid filled sacs•Store enzymes, water, andwaste products•Large, central vacuole in plants•Many small vacuoles inother cells (or none at all)

Page 45: CELLS AND CELL THEORY. CELL SCIENTISTS Robert Hooke-1665, observed small cavities in cork which he called cells.
Page 46: CELLS AND CELL THEORY. CELL SCIENTISTS Robert Hooke-1665, observed small cavities in cork which he called cells.

CYTOSKELETON:

•Helps cell hold its shape•Made of microtubules and microfilaments•Animal cell rely on this for maintaining cell structure

Page 47: CELLS AND CELL THEORY. CELL SCIENTISTS Robert Hooke-1665, observed small cavities in cork which he called cells.

Microtubules:

•Hollow rods of protein•Some extend from the cytoplasm to make up ciliaand flagella

Page 48: CELLS AND CELL THEORY. CELL SCIENTISTS Robert Hooke-1665, observed small cavities in cork which he called cells.
Page 49: CELLS AND CELL THEORY. CELL SCIENTISTS Robert Hooke-1665, observed small cavities in cork which he called cells.

Microfilaments:•Threadlike fibers found below the cell membrane•Produce flowing motion in cytoplasm•Help circulate organelles; improve cell efficiency

Page 50: CELLS AND CELL THEORY. CELL SCIENTISTS Robert Hooke-1665, observed small cavities in cork which he called cells.
Page 51: CELLS AND CELL THEORY. CELL SCIENTISTS Robert Hooke-1665, observed small cavities in cork which he called cells.

Comparison of Plant Cells toAnimal Cells:

PLANT ANIMALCell Wall No Cell WallPlastids No PlastidsLarge Vacuole Small vacuoles

or noneRely on cell wall Rely on

for structure cytoskeletonNo centrioles Centrioles

Page 52: CELLS AND CELL THEORY. CELL SCIENTISTS Robert Hooke-1665, observed small cavities in cork which he called cells.

Cells The Basic Units of Life. Cell Theory Robert Hooke was the first person to describe cells in 1665. He observed cork cells and plant cells, which.

Cells The Basic Units of Life. Cell Theory Robert Hooke was the first person to describe cells in 1665. He observed cork cells and plant cells, which.

Cells - stambrosesciencejr.weebly.comstambrosesciencejr.weebly.com/uploads/9/1/9/9/9199176/cells.pdf · THE MICROSCOPIC CELL • Cells were first observed by Robert Hooke in 1665

Cells - stambrosesciencejr.weebly.comstambrosesciencejr.weebly.com/uploads/9/1/9/9/9199176/cells.pdf · THE MICROSCOPIC CELL • Cells were first observed by Robert Hooke in 1665

Cell Structure & Function. A Little History 1600’s – cork cells – Robert Hooke.

Cell Structure & Function. A Little History 1600’s – cork cells – Robert Hooke.

Discovery of the Cell and Cell Theory. Observations of Dead Cells Robert Hooke (1635- 1703) –First to view cells (dead cork cells) –Thought that the “little.

Discovery of the Cell and Cell Theory. Observations of Dead Cells Robert Hooke (1635- 1703) –First to view cells (dead cork cells) –Thought that the “little.

CELLS · Web viewCELLS History of Cells & the Cell Theory-First to View Cells In 1665, Robert Hooke, used a microscope to examine a thin slice of cork (dead plant cell walls) What

CELLS · Web viewCELLS History of Cells & the Cell Theory-First to View Cells In 1665, Robert Hooke, used a microscope to examine a thin slice of cork (dead plant cell walls) What

Biology I Chapter 4...Biology I Chapter 3 CELLS Discovery of the Cell Robert Hooke 1665 Anton Van Leeuwenhoek 1673 Cell Theory All living things are composed of one or more cells Cells

Biology I Chapter 4...Biology I Chapter 3 CELLS Discovery of the Cell Robert Hooke 1665 Anton Van Leeuwenhoek 1673 Cell Theory All living things are composed of one or more cells Cells

Cell Theory Robert Hooke observed compartments in a thin slice of cork. He named them cells.

Cell Theory Robert Hooke observed compartments in a thin slice of cork. He named them cells.

Chapter 4 A Tour of the Cell. History of Cells u Robert Hooke - Observed cells in cork. u Coined the term "cells” in 1665.

Chapter 4 A Tour of the Cell. History of Cells u Robert Hooke - Observed cells in cork. u Coined the term "cells” in 1665.

Cell Biology Robert Hooke, and his drawing of cells Van Leeuwenhoek and his microscope Schleiden and Schwann.

Cell Biology Robert Hooke, and his drawing of cells Van Leeuwenhoek and his microscope Schleiden and Schwann.

Cell Theory - ahschools.us€¦ · Cell Theory Cells were discovered in 1665 by Robert Hooke. Early studies of cells were conducted by - Mathias Schleiden (1838) - Theodor Schwann

Cell Theory - ahschools.us€¦ · Cell Theory Cells were discovered in 1665 by Robert Hooke. Early studies of cells were conducted by - Mathias Schleiden (1838) - Theodor Schwann

The Cell The basic unit of life. Cell History Cytology- study of cells 1665 English Scientist Robert Hooke Used a microscope to examine cork (plant) Hooke.

The Cell The basic unit of life. Cell History Cytology- study of cells 1665 English Scientist Robert Hooke Used a microscope to examine cork (plant) Hooke.

ROBERT HOOKE 1 st to see cells. Cork Cells Cork cells. Are they living? Which cell part are we seeing here?

ROBERT HOOKE 1 st to see cells. Cork Cells Cork cells. Are they living? Which cell part are we seeing here?

Cells - rtmsd.org · PDF fileDiscovery of Cells • Robert Hooke ... Cell Theory •Living things are ... Prokaryotic Cell Eukaryotic Cell Eukaryotic Cells •In this unit we will

Cells - rtmsd.org · PDF fileDiscovery of Cells • Robert Hooke ... Cell Theory •Living things are ... Prokaryotic Cell Eukaryotic Cell Eukaryotic Cells •In this unit we will

Cell Theory. Robert Hooke (1663)- Discovered cells Used light microscope to look at cork Noticed tiny compartments which he called cells Anton van Leeuwenhoek.

Cell Theory. Robert Hooke (1663)- Discovered cells Used light microscope to look at cork Noticed tiny compartments which he called cells Anton van Leeuwenhoek.

The Cell Theory - Weber School Districtblog.wsd.net/tiswenson/files/2012/01/The-Cell-Theory...Discovery of Cells 1665- English Scientist, Robert Hooke, discovered cells while looking

The Cell Theory - Weber School Districtblog.wsd.net/tiswenson/files/2012/01/The-Cell-Theory...Discovery of Cells 1665- English Scientist, Robert Hooke, discovered cells while looking

Cells and Cell Processes - Alun School...Cells and Cell Processes Cell Theory Cells were first described by Robert Hooke in 1665. In the 1830s two German scientists, Theodor Schwann

Cells and Cell Processes - Alun School...Cells and Cell Processes Cell Theory Cells were first described by Robert Hooke in 1665. In the 1830s two German scientists, Theodor Schwann

Cell Structure Chapter 4. 2 Cell Theory Cells were discovered in 1665 by Robert Hooke. Early studies of cells were conducted by - Mathias Schleiden (1838)

Cell Structure Chapter 4. 2 Cell Theory Cells were discovered in 1665 by Robert Hooke. Early studies of cells were conducted by - Mathias Schleiden (1838)

The Cell Plant and Animal Cells Every living thing on Earth is composed of cells. The term cell was first used by Robert Hooke to describe the chambers.

The Cell Plant and Animal Cells Every living thing on Earth is composed of cells. The term cell was first used by Robert Hooke to describe the chambers.

Cell Theory Objectives Explain the Cell Theory. December 17, 2015 1 Cells and the Cell Theory Robert Hooke was the first person to describe cells. In 1665,

Cell Theory Objectives Explain the Cell Theory. December 17, 2015 1 Cells and the Cell Theory Robert Hooke was the first person to describe cells. In 1665,

Cell Structures Cell Unit. Discovery of Cells Robert Hooke (1660’s) – –first to observe non-living cells in cork and named them cells Anton van.

Cell Structures Cell Unit. Discovery of Cells Robert Hooke (1660’s) – –first to observe non-living cells in cork and named them cells Anton van.