Cell Ultrastructure

Parts of a cell

• Standard grade level required only 3 parts of an animal cell.

• Now we have to learn around 15!

What are the parts of a cell?

• Nucleus – now includes:

• Nuclear membrane• Nuclear pores• Nucleolus

• The nucleolus is the dark patch inside the nucleus, ribosomes are made here

New parts of a cell

• The cytoplasm was basically anything which didn’t include the nucleus or cell membrane

• It contains:• Mitochondria• Endoplasmic reticulum• Vesicles• Golgi apparatus

Nucleus

• Nucleolus makes ribosomes and RNA

• Nucleus contains chromatin (DNA)

• Nuclear membrane encloses the nucleus

• Nuclear pore allows movement into and out of the nucleus

Cell membrane

• Controls what enters and exits the cell

Golgi apparatus

• Process and package substances before release from the cell

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

• Transports proteins made by the ribosomes attached to the surface

Ribosomes

• These are found free in the cytoplasm or attached to the rough ER.

• They are where protein synthesis takes place

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

• Produces steroids and lipids

Mitochondria

• Site of ATP production. ATP is the energy currency of the cell

Centriole

• They pull the chromosomes apart during cell division