Cell Structure & Function
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Transcript of Cell Structure & Function
Cell Structure & Function
http://koning.ecsu.ctstateu.edu/cell/cell.html
Definition of Cell
A cell is the smallest unit of structure in all living things.
Cell Theory
• All living things are made of cells. • All cells come from preexisting cells
through cell division.
Examples of Cells
Amoeba Proteus
Plant Stem
Red Blood Cell
Nerve Cell
Bacteria
Cell Organization
Cell Tissue Organ (heart)
Cell Organization (continued)Organ system Organism
(circulatory system) (Human)
Two Types of Cells
•Prokaryotic•Eukaryotic
Prokaryotic Cells
• No membrane-bound organelles/structures
• Do not have a true nucleus
• One-celled organisms, Bacteria
http://library.thinkquest.org/C004535/prokaryotic_cells.html
Eukaryotic Cells• Contain organelles surrounded by membranes• Has a nucleus• Most living organisms
Plant Animal
http://library.thinkquest.org/C004535/eukaryotic_cells.html
Cell Parts
AKA Organelles
Inside the Cell
Nucleus
• Directs cell activities• Contains genetic material –
Chromosomes/DNA
Nucleolus
• Inside nucleus• Contains RNA to build
proteins
http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html
Cytoplasm
• Gel-like mixture in the cell
Mitochondria
• Produces energy through chemical reactions – breaking down fats & carbs
• “Powerhouse” of the cell
http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html
Surrounding the Cell:Cell Membrane
• Allows movement in and out of the cell
http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html
Cell Membrane Cont.
• Passive Transport:– Requires NO energy
– Diffusion: substance move through the membrane
– Osmosis: movement of water from HIGH LOW concentration
• Active Transport:– Requires energy
– Moves from LOW HIGH concentration (that’s why it takes energy!)
Endoplasmic Reticulum• Moves materials around
in cell
http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html
Ribosomes
• Make proteins
http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html
Vacuoles
• Membrane-bound sacs for storage, digestion, and waste removal
http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html
Surrounding the Cell:Cell Wall
Found in plant cells/bacteria
• Shapes, supports & protects cells
http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html
ChloroplastFound only in plant cells
*Green Chlorophyll=
Makes plant food/ photosynthesis
http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html
Golgi Bodies
• Moves Protein within/out of the cell
http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html
LysosomeFound mainly in animal cells
• Digestive functions for proteins, fats, and carbohydrates
http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html
“Typical” Animal Cell
http://web.jjay.cuny.edu/~acarpi/NSC/images/cell.gif
http://waynesword.palomar.edu/images/plant3.gif
“Typical” Plant Cell
Cellular Rap
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-zafJKbMPA8