Cell Structure & Functionhttp://koning.ecsu.ctstateu.edu/cell/cell.htmlBy: Alex Sipes

Overview

A cell is a very important part of living beings...in fact, it is what makes them live. Cells are designed to do specific jobs in the body, and keep us living and breathing.

Examples of Cells

ProkaryoticDo not have structures surrounded by membranesFew internal structuresOne-celled organisms, Bacteria http://library.thinkquest.org/C004535/prokaryotic_cells.html

EukaryoticContain organelles surrounded by membranesMost living organismsPlantAnimalhttp://library.thinkquest.org/C004535/eukaryotic_cells.html

Typical Animal Cellhttp://web.jjay.cuny.edu/~acarpi/NSC/images/cell.gif

Typical Plant Cellhttp://waynesword.palomar.edu/images/plant3.gif

Cell PartsOrganelles

Cell MembraneOuter membrane of cell that controls movement in and out of the cellDouble layer http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

Cell WallMost commonly found in plant cells & bacteriaSupports & protects cellshttp://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

Nucleus Directs cell activitiesSeparated from cytoplasm by nuclear membraneContains genetic material - DNA

Nuclear MembraneSurrounds nucleusMade of two layersOpenings allow material to enter and leave nucleus http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

CytoplasmGel-like mixtureSurrounded by cell membraneContains hereditary material

Endoplasmic ReticulumMoves materials around in cellSmooth type: lacks ribosomesRough type (pictured): ribosomes embedded in surface http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

RibosomesEach cell contains thousandsMake proteinsFound on ribosomes & floating throughout the cellhttp://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

MitochondriaProduces energy through chemical reactions breaking down fats & carbohydratesControls level of water and other materials in cellRecycles and decomposes proteins, fats, and carbohydrateshttp://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

Golgi BodiesProtein 'packaging plant'Move materials within the cellMove materials out of the cellhttp://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

LysosomeDigestive 'plant' for proteins, fats, and carbohydratesTransports undigested material to cell membrane for removalCell breaks down if lysosome explodes http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

VacuolesMembrane-bound sacs for storage, digestion, and waste removalContains water solutionHelp plants maintain shapehttp://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

ChloroplastUsually found in plant cellsContains green chlorophyllWhere photosynthesis takes placehttp://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html