CELL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION INTRODUCTION. CELL THEORY Cell theory refers to the idea that cells are...

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CELL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION INTRODUCTION

Transcript of CELL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION INTRODUCTION. CELL THEORY Cell theory refers to the idea that cells are...

Page 1: CELL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION INTRODUCTION. CELL THEORY Cell theory refers to the idea that cells are the basic unit of structure in every living thing.

CELL STRUCTURE AND

FUNCTION

INTRODUCTION

Page 2: CELL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION INTRODUCTION. CELL THEORY Cell theory refers to the idea that cells are the basic unit of structure in every living thing.

CELL THEORY

Cell theory refers to the idea that cells are the basic unit of structure in every living thing. There are 3 basic laws

behind cell theory

1. All living things are composed of cells.

2. Cells are the basic unit of structure and function in living things.

3. Cells arise from pre-existing cells

Page 3: CELL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION INTRODUCTION. CELL THEORY Cell theory refers to the idea that cells are the basic unit of structure in every living thing.

THE 5 KINGDOMS• PLANTAE characterised by presence of nucleus, cell wall and chloroplasts

• ANIMALIA characterised by lack cell wall and presence of nucleus

• MONERA characterised by lack of Nucleus

• PROTISTA

• FUNGI

Eukaryotes (complex organisms)

Prokaryotes (simple organisms)

Page 4: CELL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION INTRODUCTION. CELL THEORY Cell theory refers to the idea that cells are the basic unit of structure in every living thing.

EUKARYOTE vs. PROKARYOTE

• A Eukaryotic cell is a cell containing a nucleus. Eukaryotic cells form organisms which are multicellular

• A Prokaryotic cells are cells which have no distinct nucleus. Often prokaryotic cells form single celled organisms (many bacteria) however there are some prokaryotes that are multi-cellular

Page 5: CELL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION INTRODUCTION. CELL THEORY Cell theory refers to the idea that cells are the basic unit of structure in every living thing.

ANIMAL CELL

Page 6: CELL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION INTRODUCTION. CELL THEORY Cell theory refers to the idea that cells are the basic unit of structure in every living thing.

DIAGRAM OF AN ANIMAL CELL

Page 7: CELL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION INTRODUCTION. CELL THEORY Cell theory refers to the idea that cells are the basic unit of structure in every living thing.

PICTURE OF A PLANT CELL

Page 8: CELL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION INTRODUCTION. CELL THEORY Cell theory refers to the idea that cells are the basic unit of structure in every living thing.

DIAGRAM OF A PLANT CELL

Page 9: CELL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION INTRODUCTION. CELL THEORY Cell theory refers to the idea that cells are the basic unit of structure in every living thing.

PICTURE OF A BACTERIA CELL

Page 10: CELL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION INTRODUCTION. CELL THEORY Cell theory refers to the idea that cells are the basic unit of structure in every living thing.

DIAGRAM OF A BACTERIA CELL

Page 11: CELL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION INTRODUCTION. CELL THEORY Cell theory refers to the idea that cells are the basic unit of structure in every living thing.

ORGANELLES

• ORGANELLES FOUND IN AN ANIMAL CELL- Nucleus, cell membrane, ribosomes, mitochondria, vacuole,

endoplasmic reticulum, nucleolus, lysosomes, Golgi body, centrioles

• ORGANELLES FOUND IN APLANT CELL- Cell wall, cell membrane, Golgi apparatus, chloroplasts,

vacuole, mitochondria, cytoplasm, endoplasmic reticulum, nucleus, nucleolus, ribosomes

• ORGANELLES FOUND IN A MONERA CELL- Cell wall, ribosomes, cytoplasm, nucleoid (loose RNA)

Page 12: CELL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION INTRODUCTION. CELL THEORY Cell theory refers to the idea that cells are the basic unit of structure in every living thing.

NAME FUNCTION FOUND IN ANIMAL?

FOUND IN PLANT?

FOUND IN MONERA?

Nucleus Contains DNA, Coordinates cell activity X

Nucleolus Site for assembling protein and RNA which will later form ribosomes

X

Ribosomes Build amino acids into proteins

Golgi apparatus Package and store substances for their release from the cell

X

Endoplasmic reticulum

Various functions depending on cell type, site of release of various chemicals

X

Vacuole Fluid filled area within the cell some some

Cytosol Part of the cytoplasm containing fluid with dissolved substances

X

Cell wall Provides structure and strength to a cell X

Cell membrane Barrier responsible for exchanges of substances between the cell and the external environment

X

Centrioles Structures used in cell replication processes X X

Mitochondria Site of cellular respiration (energy production) X

Chloroplasts Contain chlorophyll, pigment used in photosynthesis to capture light energy

X X

Nucleoid Nucleus like structure found in prokaryotes, contains DNA

X X

Lysosomes Organelles containing digestive acids, used for digestion of products brought into the cell

X