Cell Structure and Function. Cell compartmentalization.
-
Upload
randolf-wood -
Category
Documents
-
view
229 -
download
0
Transcript of Cell Structure and Function. Cell compartmentalization.
Cell Structure and Function
Cell compartmentalization
Organelle jigsaw
Nucleus Ribosomes Smooth ER Rough ER Golgi apparatus Lysosomes Vacuoles
Cytoskeleton - structure
Network of fibers extended throughout the cytoplasm
FLEXIBLE!
Cytoskeleton function
Mechanical support Maintain shape (animal cells) Anchors organelles and
molecules Motility
Moves entire cells Moves part of the cell Motor proteins needed (whole cell,
cilia, flagella, muscle contraction, vesicle movement)
Signal transduction
Cytoskeleton components
Microtubules - Centrioles
9 sets of 3
Microtubules - Cilia and Flagella
Microtubules - Cilia and Flagella
Microfilaments
Plant cell wall Cell protection, shape maintenance, prevents
water uptake Found in some prokaryotes, protists, and fungi Cellulose + other polysaccharides
Extracellular Matrix
Carbohydrate functions
Intercellular junctions
Cell membrane structure
Protein functions
Membrane permeability
Is the cell membrane permeable to…Hydrophobic (nonpolar) molecules IonsPolar moleculesSmall versus large molecules
Aquaporins
Lab 1: Diffusion & Osmosis Concepts
semi-permeable membranediffusionosmosissolutions
hypotonic hypertonic isotonic
water potential
Diffusion vs. osmosis
Lab 1: Diffusion & Osmosis
Tonicity
Water potential (KNOW THIS WELL!) Ψ: Water potential (in MPa) Always higher to lower Ψ Ψs : solute potential (osmotic potential) Always (-)
Ψp : Pressure potential (+ or -)
Animal cells: Ψ = Ψs (
Plant cells: Ψ = Ψs + Ψp
Facilitated diffusion
Active transport
Cotransport
Sodium-Potassium Pump
Endocytosis and exocytosis
Reading quiz
Page 140, problems 6-10
Review of chromosome vs. chromatid
Cell cycle
Mitotic spindle
Cytokinesis
Cell cycle control
Cell cycle control
Cancer growth