CELL STRUCTURE AND CELL ORGANISATION

All living things are made up of basic units called cells The living component of a cell is protoplasm. It consist of cytoplasm and the nucleus

nucleus

cytoplasm

The nucleus content is known as nucleoplasm Nucleus is surrounded by cytoplasm

The protoplasm is surrounded by plasma membrane Cytoplasm contains a variety of tiny structure called organelles

Organelles are cellular component that perform specific function within the cell

Some of the cellular components can only be seen under an electron microscope

Animal cell

The cellular components of animals and plant cells There are many similarities and differences between animal and plant cells

Both cells have the following cellular components: b) Nucleus c) Cytoplasm d) Plasma membrane

Plant cells have cell walls, chloroplast and large vacuoles Animals cells do not have cell wall and chloroplasts

Vacuoles inside the animals cell are usually small Only a few types of cells have vacuoles

Plasma membrane A thin flexible layer Composed of phospholipids and proteins Semi-permeable acts as a selective barrier

Function : Separates the contents of a cell from its external environment

Regulates the movement of substances entering and leaving the cell Allows the exchange of nutrients, respiratory gases and waste product

Cytoplasm Consist of a jelly like medium in which cells organelles are suspended Contains organic and inorganic substances

Functions : As a medium where biochemical reactions and most living processes occur within the cell

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