CELL PHONE OPERATED LAND ROVER

PROJECT PRESENTATION ON

ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION DEPARTMENT

CONTENTS

• Introduction• Basic block diagram of project• Circuit diagram• Technology used• Components used• Software used• Algorithm• Advantages and disadvantages• Applications• Future scope• Conclusion• References

INTRODUCTION

• Aim of the project is to use a mobile phone to control a robotic arm mounted on a land rover

• Provides robust control, large working range and 16 controls.

• Control of robot involves 4 different phases:a) Perception

b) Processing

c) Action

d) Detection

BASIC BLOCK DIAGRAM OF PROJECT

MT

1.PERCEPTION

• First part is to make a call to the mobile phone which is attached to the robot.

• Next part is the decoding of DTMF tone generated by pressing a key in calling phone.

• Audio signal output from receiving phone is fed to DTMF decoder chip.

• Decoder chip converts DTMF tone into binary codes to be fed to microcontroller.

• MT8870 IC used as DTMF decoder in our project.

2. PROCESSING

• After perception stage, microcontroller processes the binary codes it receives.

• Microcontroller is pre-programmed in “C” to perform specific task according to input bits.

• Atmel’s ATmega16 is used for processing.

3. ACTION

• Final stage is rotation of motors based on input given by the microcontroller.

• Two DC motors of 30 rpm are used for the land rover and driven by motor driver IC L293D.

4. DETECTION

• For obstacle detection, a pair of IR transmitter and receiver is used along with buzzer.

• When the obstacle come near the robot, the IR transmitter will transmit the IR rays on the object and the object will reflect the IR rays to the IR receiver.

• The IR receiver will receive the IR rays and it will activate the buzzer.

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM OF MAIN PROJECT

OBSTACLE DETECTION CIRCUIT

DTMF SIGNALS AND DTMFDECODING CIRCUIT

• DTMF “Dual Tone Multiple-Frequency”.• Used in a telecommuncating signaling• The 16-keys touch tone pad.• DTMF assigns a unique ‘sound’ to each key.• Keys are arranged in a matrix of 4 columns

and 4 rows.

GROUPING OF FREQUENCY

• Signals generated by the superposition of two pure sinusoidal tones.•The DTMF signal generated is the sum of twosinusoidal tones.

DTMF DECODER IC

TRUTH TABLE FOR DTMF DECODER

ATMEGA16 MICROCONTROLLER

• Advanced-RISC architecture.• 16K bytes of In-System Programmable Flash

Program memory.• Internal and external interrupts.• 32 general-purpose registers.• High-performance, Low-power AVR 8-bit

Microcontroller.

FEATURES OF ATMEGA16

• Widely used.• Easily available.• Cost effective.• Speed of execution of instructions.• Flexible instruction set.• Vast documentation.• Easily available support and development

tools.

DIAGRAM OF ATMEGA16

DC MOTOR CONTROLLER L293D

• Microcontroller output is not sufficient to drive DC motors, so L293D is used.

• L293D comes in 16-pin DIP. It can provide current upto 600mA at voltages from 4.5V to 36V.

• It can be used to drive inductive loads such as relays, solenoids etc

• In the project it is used for simultaneous bi-directional control of two DC motors.

DC MOTOR CONTROL

ACTION PERFORMED CORRESPONDING TO THE KEY

PRESS

SOFTWARE USED

• The software is written in ‘C’ language

• Hex code for Atmega 16 is generated by using Code Vision AVR ‘C’ compiler.

• The next software we used is ‘EAGLE’ for circuit schematic design and layout design.

ALGORITHM

• STEP 1: START • STEP 2: DECLARE VARIABLES • STEP 3: SET PORT A AS I/P PORT • STEP 4: SET PORT D AS O/P PORT • STEP 5: ACCEPT INPUT • IF I/P IS 0X02 THEN MOVE MOTOR IN FORWARD DIRECTION • IF I/P IS 0X08 THEN MOVE MOTOR IN BACKWARD

DIRECTION • IF I/P IS 0X04 THEN MOVE MOTOR TO LEFT • IF I/P IS 0X06 THEN MOVE MOTOR TO RIGHT • IF I/P IS 0X05 THEN STOP MOVING MOTOR • STEP 6: STOP

ADVANTAGES

• Wireless control • Surveillance System. • Takes in use of the mobile technology which is

almost available everywhere. • This wireless device has no boundation of

range and can be controlled as far as network of cell phone

DISADVANTAGES

• Cell phone bill.

• Mobile batteries drain out early so charging problem.

• Not flexible with all cell phones as only a particular cell phone whose earpiece is attached can only be used.

APPLICATIONS

• Scientific

• Military and Law Enforcement

• Search and Rescue

• Recreation and Hobby

FUTURE SCOPE

• Password Protection

• Alarm-Phone Dialer

• Adding a Camera

CONCLUSION

• We have successfully implemented the entire circuit on the PCB with obstacle detection feature.

• Since all we need is a mobile call establishment to instruct the robot due to the cell phone’s unending and cheap availability, this is highly feasible.

• The level of sophistication is quite low and hence its working is user friendly.

• Project can also be subjected to standardization and hence has a good future scope.

REFERENCES

[1] Schenker, L, "Pushbutton Calling with a Two-Group Voice- Frequency Code” The Bell system technical journal, vol 14,no. 2, Jan 2006.

[2] M. Ali Yousuf, R. Montúfar Chaveznava, and V. de la Cueva Cueva Hernández, "Robotic projects to enhance student participation, motivation and learning", Hernández Current Developments in Technology-Assisted Education ,pp 922-952, July 2008.

[3] Robert Siwy, "Generation and Recognition of DTMF Signals with the Microcontroller MSP430", Texas Instruments Deutschland, October 2005.

[4] “Cell phone based land rover” Liu, Simon & Silverman, Mark. November 2009 [online] Available: http://www.instructables.com/id/Cellphone-operated-Robot/ [accessed:Jan 2013].

[5]http://www.datasheetcatalog.com/datasheets_pdf/M/T/8/8/MT8870.shtml

[6]http://www.alldatasheet.com/datasheetpdf/pdf/STMICROELECTRONICS/L298.html

[8]http://robosapiensindia.com/robomart/index.php?product_id=218&page=shop

Thank you!!!