Cell PEOPLE, Cell Size, and Cell Specialization

Chap 7-1 & 7-4

http://www.parlament-berlin.de/Galeriecopy.nsf/0/8ABC720262898739C1256A480037F869?OpenDocumenhttp://www.ncu.edu.tw/~ls/graph/faculty_pictures/whole_time/SLC/SLC_lab-1.jpgt

Microscope image: http://www.answers.com/topic/microscopeCork image: http://www.cortex.de/img_kork/cork_cells_big.jpgHooke image: http://www.metaweb.com/wiki/upload/5/5c/Hookeyoungmtwb.jpg

1665-______________________used a microscope to examine a thin slice of cork and saw “little boxes”

He called them “CELLS” because they looked like the small rooms that monks lived in called Cells

Robert Hooke

Microscope/Leeuwenhoek image: http://www.answers.com/topic/microscopeAnimation from: http://web.jjay.cuny.edu/~acarpi/NSC/13-cells.htm

1673-___________________________________a Dutch microscope maker was the first to see LIVING ORGANISMS.

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

Plant image: http://www.epa.gov/maia/images/classification.gifSchleiden image: http://web.visionlearning.com/events/Schleiden_Apr5_2005.htm

1838-German botanist __________________________concluded that ALL PLANTS are made of cells

Matthias Schleiden

Schwann image: http://home.tiscalinet.ch/biografien/biografien/schwann.htmAnimals image: http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/index.htm

1839-German zoologist_________________________concluded that

ALL ANIMALS ARE MADE OF CELLS

Theodor Schwann

Virchow: http://www.parlament-berlin.de/Galeriecopy.nsf/0/8ABC720262898739C1256A480037F869?OpenDocumentMitosis: http://biology.dbs.umt.edu/biol101/labs/lab_6_images/sect01and06/Rebecca,%20tanner,%20and%20liam%20mitosis%20root%20tip.jpg

1855-German medical doctor _____________________saw dividing cellsin the microscopeand reasoned that cells come from other cells

Rudolph Virchow

CELL THEORY1. All living things are ________________________.

2. Cells are the basic unit of

____________ & _____________ in an organism.

(cell = basic unit of _____________)

3. Cells come from the reproduction

of ____________ cells

Cell image: http://waynesword.palomar.edu/lmexer1a.htm

MADE OF CELLS

existing

life

STRUCTURE FUNCTION

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lynn_Margulis

1970-American Biologist _____________________provides evidence forthe idea thatcertain organelles within cells were oncefree-living cells themselves.

= _________________________

Lynn Margulis

ENDOSYMBIOTIC THEORY

ENDOSYMBIOTIC THEORY

http://www.mun.ca/biology/scarr/Endosymbiosis_theory.gif

See a movie about ENDOSYMBIOTIC THEORY

Evidence for Endosymbiotic theory1. Mitochondia and chloroplasts

have circular_______ similar

to bacteria.

2. Mitochondria and chloroplasts have

______________ whose size and structure resemble bacterial ribosomes.

3. Mitochondria and chloroplasts replicated using

_________________ like bacteria.

4. _______________________ of mitochondria and chloroplasts have a composition similar to bacterial membranes.

DNA

Binary fission

RIBOSOMES

http://www.cytochemistry.net/cell-biology/mitochondria_lifecycle_graduate.htm

INNER MEMBRANES

All living things made of cells BUT… organisms can be very different.

UNICELLULAR

MULTICELLULAR

Image from: http://www.agen.ufl.edu/~chyn/age2062/lect/lect_06/bacsiz.GIF

http://www.angelbabygifts.com/http://www.inclusive.co.uk/downloads/images/pics2/tree.gif

CELL SIZE

Typical cells range from: 5 – 50 micrometers (microns) in diameter

http://facstaff.bloomu.edu/gdavis/links%20100.htm

How big is a micron ( µ ) ?http://www.talentteacher.com/pics/005cb.jpg

1 cm = 10,000 microns 1” = 25,000 microns

MULTICELLULAR ORGANISM don’t just contain MANY CELLS.

Image from: http://www.isscr.org/images/ES-cell-Fig-2.jpg

They have different kinds of cells doing different jobs

Cells in a multi-cellular organism become SPECIALIZED by turning different genes on and off Image from: http://www.ncu.edu.tw/~ls/graph/faculty_pictures/whole_time/SLC/SLC_lab-1.jpg

Cell Specialization =DIFFERENTIATION

SPECIALIZED ANIMAL CELLSMuscle cells

Red blood cells

http://www.biologycorner.com/bio3/images/bloodcells3D.jpg

http://www.mlms.logan.k12.ut.us/~ajohnson/Cells.html

Cheek cells

Specialized Plant cells

Guard cells

Xylem cells

Pollen

Guard cells: http://botit.botany.wisc.edu/courses/img/Botany_130/Diversity/Bryophytes/Anthoceros/Guard_cells.jpgXylem: http://botit.botany.wisc.edu/images/130/Secondary_Growth/Woody_Stems/Tilia_Stem/Secondary_Growth/One_Year_Stem/Primary_xylem_MC.jpgPollen: http://www.uic.edu/classes/bios/bios100/labs/pollen.jpg

________ __________ ___________ATOMS MOLECULES ORGANELLES

IMAGE SOURCES: see last slide

____________ ____________ CELLS TISSUES

IMAGE SOURCES: see last slide

Similar cells working together

___________ __________ ___________ORGANS

ORGAN SYSTEMS ORGANISM

IMAGE SOURCES: see last slide

Different tissuesworking together

Different organsworking together

SOUTH DAKOTA SCIENCE STANDARDS

Students will be able to:

• explain the process of specialization 9-12.L.1.3.A (ADVANCED)

• describe the relationships between the levels of organization in multi-cellular organisms (cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, and organism) (PROFICIENT)

• explain how gene expression regulates cell growth and differentiation 9-12.L.1.3.A (Tissue formation, development of new cells from original stem cells (ADVANCED)

9-12.N.1.1. Students are able to evaluate a scientific discovery to determine and describe how societal, cultural, and personal beliefs influence scientific investigations and interpretations.

• Recognize scientific knowledge is not merely a set of static facts but is dynamic and affords the best current explanations.

NATURE OF SCIENCE:Indicator 1: Understand the nature and origin of

scientific knowledge.

SOUTH DAKOTA ADVANCED SCIENCE STANDARDS

9-12.L.1.3A. Students are able to explain how gene expression regulates cell growth and differentiation.

Examples:Tissue formation Development of new cells from original stem cells

Core High School Life SciencePerformance Descriptors

High school students performing at the

PROFICIENT level:

Describe the relationship between structure and function

(cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, and organisms);

IMAGE BIBLIOGRAPHY

Paint image by Riedell

Paint image by Riedell

http://www.emc.maricopa.edu/faculty/farabee/BIOBK/BioBookCHEM2.html#Organic%20molecules

http://www.uic.edu/classes/bios/bios100/summer2004/lect02.htm

http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evosite/evo101/images/dna_bases.gif

http://vilenski.org/science/safari/cellstructure/golgi.html

http://www.science.siu.edu/plant-biology/PLB117/JPEGs%20CD/0076.JPG

http://www.biology4kids.com/files/cell_nucleus.html

http://classes.kumc.edu/som/bioc801/lectures/images/mem01-08.gif

http://bioweb.wku.edu/courses/BIOL115/Wyatt/Biochem/Carbos/Carb_poly.gif

http://www.agen.ufl.edu/~chyn/age2062/lect/lect_19/147b.gif

http://www.carolguze.com/text/102-19-tissuesorgansystems.shtml

http://academic.pg.cc.md.us/~aimholtz/AandP/206_ONLINE/Immune/Innate_Images/cilia.jpg

http://www.biologyclass.net/mitochondria.jpe

http://www.emc.maricopa.edu/faculty/farabee/BIOBK/BioBookAnimalTS.html

http://www.kufm.kagoshima-u.ac.jp/~anatomy2/BON/1016A03.jpg

http://www.ncu.edu.tw/~ls/graph/faculty_pictures/whole_time/SLC/SLC_lab-1.jpg

http://www.proctitispages.force9.co.uk/

http://www.inclusive.co.uk/downloads/images/pics2/tree.gif

http://people.eku.edu/ritchisong/homepage.htm

http://sps.k12.ar.us/massengale/animal%20dissections.htm

http://bestanimations.com

http://www.harrythecat.com/graphics/

http://vilenski.org/science/safari/fungus/fungus.html