CELL PARTSCELL PARTS IN THIS PRESENTATION, IN THIS PRESENTATION,

STUDENTS WILL LEARN STUDENTS WILL LEARN ABOUT:ABOUT:

CELL ORGANELLES

CELL MEMBRANE

ANIMAL AND PLANT CELLS

The NucleusThe NucleusThe nucleus is the The nucleus is the

center of the cell, center of the cell, kids! It acts as the kids! It acts as the ‘control room.’ It ‘control room.’ It contains the DNA contains the DNA that controls all of that controls all of the cell’s functions. the cell’s functions. The nucleus has a The nucleus has a membrane with membrane with pores, so that pores, so that things can pass in things can pass in and out of the and out of the nucleus! nucleus!

This is a nucleus, kids!

Endoplasmic ReticulumEndoplasmic Reticulum

The endoplasmic reticulum The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is attached to the (ER) is attached to the nucleus. It is an nucleus. It is an extensive membrane extensive membrane network divided into two network divided into two categories:categories:

Smooth ER

Rough ER

ROUGH ERROUGH ERThe rough endoplasmic The rough endoplasmic

reticulum is ‘The reticulum is ‘The Highway of the Cell.’ Highway of the Cell.’ Certain cellular Certain cellular materials move down materials move down the Rough ER, until the Rough ER, until they are ready for they are ready for their specific their specific functions. functions.

The rough ER got its name from the ‘bumps’ created by

the ribosomes attached to it.

JOKE TIME!What did the dog say to the cell? ROUGH…ER

Smooth ERSmooth ER

Characteristics :Characteristics :•Does not have ribosomes attached to it, and that’s why it’s called the ‘smooth ER!

•Functions are not related to finalizing proteins

GOLGI GOLGI APPARATUSAPPARATUS

The golgi apparatus The golgi apparatus is one of the is one of the coolest organelles coolest organelles ever! It picks up ever! It picks up the stuff that the stuff that leaves the ER, leaves the ER, and changes it and changes it even further. even further. Now the cellular Now the cellular material is ready material is ready for the cell.for the cell.

RibosomesRibosomesThe ribosome is very The ribosome is very

important to life. It important to life. It is the only is the only organelle that is organelle that is shared by ALL kinds shared by ALL kinds of cells. They are of cells. They are the site of the the site of the creation of creation of proteins; this is proteins; this is where amino acids where amino acids gather into long gather into long protein chains.protein chains.

MitochondriaMitochondria

The mitochondrion of a cell is the ‘power house.’ this is where all of the cell’s energy—ATP-- is generated! Some scientists believe that, billions of years ago, mitochondria were a separate organism. They even have their own DNA!!!!!!!!!!

LysosomesLysosomesLysosomes are very Lysosomes are very

important organelles as important organelles as well. They are crucial well. They are crucial to the digestion of to the digestion of cellular ‘food.’ They are cellular ‘food.’ They are sacs filled with enzymes sacs filled with enzymes that break down stuff! that break down stuff! They even help some They even help some cells kill themselves!!!!cells kill themselves!!!!

The Cellular MembraneThe Cellular Membrane

The cell membrane is probably the most complex part The cell membrane is probably the most complex part of the cell. It is a very intricate and ever-changing of the cell. It is a very intricate and ever-changing ‘fluid mosaic’ of phospholipids, proteins, and other ‘fluid mosaic’ of phospholipids, proteins, and other molecules. molecules. Sit back and enjoy the ride!Sit back and enjoy the ride!

The cell membrane is called ‘the fluid mosaic The cell membrane is called ‘the fluid mosaic model’ because its components can move model’ because its components can move around. It consists of 2 layers of around. It consists of 2 layers of phospholipids with embedded proteins for phospholipids with embedded proteins for transport of stuff—but we’ll get to that in a transport of stuff—but we’ll get to that in a minute!minute!

Animal and Plant cells: Animal and Plant cells: A comparisonA comparison

This is an animal cell. It differs from a plant cell, because it has no cell wall and no chloroplasts. It also has cilia for movement. Notice there is no large central vacuole…..hmmmm……..

Animal and Plant cells: Animal and Plant cells: A comparisonA comparison

This is a plant cell. Notice the thick cell wall—this is what gives plants their rigidity. It also has a large central vacuole, for storage, kids! We’ll get into those a little later….

Plant Cell Plant Cell StructureStructure

Specialized structures Specialized structures in plant cells onlyin plant cells only

Chloroplasts!!!Chloroplasts!!!Because plants need energy too, they have to use the sun to make the carbohydrate that they need. So, they use chloroplasts!

Basically, sunlight hits a green pigment called Chlorophyll contained in the thylakoids. They sunlight triggers a reaction that results in the production of Glucose!

VacuolesVacuoles

Plants have large storage spaces called vacuoles inside their cells. They take up most of the space in the cell, and they fill with water. A happy plant has cells with filled vacuoles. This is known as a turgid state.

THE ENDTHE END