Cell EnergyThe Sun is the source of all energy on Earth.

Photosynthesis• The Process in which three

abiotic factors ( sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water) make an organic molecule (glucose) and oxygen

Autotroph=Self FeederProducers because make

their own food1. Chemosynthesis-use elements

like sulfur to make energy. (bacteria at hydrothermal ocean vents deep on the ocean floor)

Chlorophyll

sunlight

Photosynthesis-process in which inorganic substances (carbon dioxide and water) and solar energy are converted into an organic substance (glucose).

6CO2 + 6H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2enzymes

Reactants- what goes into the recipeProducts- what comes out

• Thylakoid contains chlorophyll.• Stroma- syrup• Grana- stack of thylakoids like a pancake

stack.• Light Dependent reaction in thylakoid• Photolysis-light splits water releasing oxygen

through the stomata of the leaf

Photosynthesis takes place in the chloroplastsChlorophyll is the green pigment in the chloroplast that traps sunlight

•Dark Reaction, Light Independent Reaction, Calvin Cycle

•Carbon Dioxide is converted into glucose in the stroma.

• Spectrum of visible light- ROY G. BIV

• We see reflected light. Plants are green in color so this wavelength of light is used least in photosynthesis because it is reflected.

• The most used wavelengths of light in photosynthesis are red and blue.

• Most photosynthesis takes place in the leaves of plants because they are green, large and flat increasing the surface area for sunlight to be absorbed.

Chromotography- to write with color. The process of seperating pigments in

plants using a solvent. (alcohol)

• Plants use other pigments in photosynthesis. Chlorophyll is the main one. Phycocyanins (purple) and carotene (orange) are the others.

• Elodea Lab that was drawn on the board. What type of gas make up the air bubbles in the lab?

• What color lamp would give the best results for photosynthesis?

• Draw a graph for air bubbles vs the distance from the light source.

• What will happen if you cover the leaf with black paper?

• Many glucose molecules hooked together form what organic molecule in plants? In animals?

Cellular Respiration

• Occurs in the mitochondria of BOTH PLANTS AND ANIMALS

• The chemical bonds in glucose are broken releasing energy ATP (adenosine triphophate)

• All That Power

•ADP + P ATP•ATP-P ADP + Energy• ADP=Adenosine Diphosphate• ATP=Adenosine Triphosphate

Adenosine TriPhosphate• All That Power• Stores energy in a high energy

bond between the last two• phosphates

Mitochondria

Inner membrane that forms cristae increases surface area so that more cellular respiration can take place.

2 types of cellular respiration

1.Aerobic Respiration- in the presence of oxygen

2. Anaerobic Respiration- without oxygen

Aerobic Respiration-Oxygen is present

• C6H12O6 +6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O+ 36ATP-38ATP

• 3 Steps1.Glycolysis2.Krebs Cycle3.Electron Transport Chain

1. Glycolysis•Glucose is split into Pyruvic Acid (split in half or 2, 3-carbon molecules)

•cytoplasm

2.Krebs or Citric Acid Cycle

•Carbon Dioxide molecules made in mitochondria

3.Electron Transport Chain

•Energy made •38 ATP Molecules made

2 types of Anaerobic Respiration

• A. Alcoholic Fermentation 2ATP• Happens in Yeasts• Makes Alcohol and Bread Rise• Gives off CO2

Yeast and H2O

CO2

2 types of Anaerobic Respiration

• B. Lactic Acid Fermentation• Builds Up in muscle cells

that do not have enough oxygen making muscles sore and tired

• Lactic Acid Fermentation also makes cheese and yogurt.