CCUS Technology Roadmap in China:

Current Status, Vision & Needs

Dr. Peng Sizhen

ACCA21Sep. 18, 2011

Content

Status Assessment2

Vision and Targets3

Priority Actions and Demo Suggestions34

Supporting Policy45

Other Related Issues6

Background & Method1

Background & Method1

CCUS provides an important technical option for Addressing Climate Change

• CCUS features: an emerging technology that has the potential to achieve the large-scale use of fossil fuels in a low-carbon manner; a strategic technology option to reduce CO2 emissions and safeguard energy security

• CCUS: high cost, high energy penalty, benefit, but indispensable in emission-reduction technology portfolio

• IEA, CSLF and US, EU, Canada, Japan etc. have put forward CCS roadmaps and targets for demonstration

Develop and Reserve CCUS is important in China

in the context of Addressing Climate Change

• CCUS may contributes to middle-long term emission reduction:

• safeguard energy security.

Why put forward CCUS technology roadmap in China?

• CCUS development in China starts relatively late.

• Unbalanced in technology chain.

• CCUS technology is complex, and need coordination and planning.

• R&D and pilot project cost a lot.

Roadmap Research Method

• Questionnaire: Send out 121 questionnaires, ranges from colleges to corporations

• Experts brainstorming

• Leading Sub-expert group: Set capture, transportation, utilization, storage technology expert teams and each team leader takes responsibility for their work

• Set a core concilliation panel and coordinate the work teams

Current Status2

The underlying conditions to develop CCUS in China

• multitude of concentrated CO2

emission sources in large quantity

• considerable theoretical CO2 storage potential

• multiple promising CO2

utilization options

• High cost• High Energy penalty• complex geological

conditions• Sink and source doesn’t

match• dense population

challengesconditions

Initiated CCUS Projects

• Government support“863” program, “973” program and other national programs have

supported 20 more projects on CCUS.

• EnterprisePower companies and petrol companies demonstrated 10 more projects

like pilot project that capture 100000 tons CO2 per year.

• International cooperationCSLF, CEM and cooperate with EU, the US, Australia and other countries

on CCUS.

Comparison between China and other countries on CCUS pilot projects

技术环节 工程数量 最大工程规模 最长运行经验国外 国内 国外 国内 国外 国内

捕集 燃烧后捕集技术 >5 4 10万吨/年 12万吨/年 2年 2年

燃烧前捕集技术>2 - 约5万吨/年

6-10万吨规模在

建<6个月 -

富氧燃烧富集CO2技术 >3 - 约6万吨/年 5万吨规模在建 3年 -

运输 CO2管道输送技术>15 2

808公里，年输

送20Mt的CO2

短距离低压CO2

输送管线40年 10年

CO2大规模储存技术 / 4 单罐3000m3 单罐1000m3 40年 2年

利用 CO2驱油技术 >100 10 120万吨/年 10万吨/年 近40年 6年

CO2驱煤层气技术 >5 1 >20万吨 192吨 7年 4年

CO2化工利用技术 >10 >5 5万吨/年 1-2万吨/年 >5年 >3年

CO2生物转化应用技术>5 3

万吨级/年生物

柴油

千吨级/年生物柴

油/ 在建

封存 陆上咸水层封存 >2 1 100万吨/年 10万吨/年 7年 0.5年

海底咸水层封存 2 - 100万吨/年 - 15年 -

酸气回注 >60 - 48万吨/年 - 21年 -

枯竭油气田封存 1 - 约1万吨/年 - 7年 -

Current Status

•There are still some gaps in research and availability of underlying sciences and core technologies compared with the advanced international level.

project scale operating experience

Vision and Target3

系统规模：>30万吨/年系统能耗增加：<25%成本：350 RMB/吨

捕集规模:30-100万吨/年能耗增加：<20%成本：210 RMB/吨

运输管线:> 80km成本：90 RMB/吨年输送能力:30万吨/年

利用总规模100万吨/年产油量：30万吨/年动态封存率：40-50%

封存量：30万吨/年成本：50 RMB/吨

Technically Feasible and economically affordable

Option to address Climate Change

系统规模：100万吨/年系统能耗增加：<20%成本：300 RMB/吨

捕集规模： 100万吨/年能耗增加：<15%成本：180 RMB/吨

运输管线:200km成本：80RMB/吨百公里年输送能力:>100万吨/年

利用总规模：200万吨/年产油量：60万吨/年动态封存率：50-60%

封存量：100万吨/年成本：40 RMB/吨

系统规模：>100万吨/年系统能耗增加：<17%成本：240 RMB/吨

捕集规模：>100万吨/年能耗增加：<12%成本：140 RMB/吨

运输管网:>= 1000km成本：70 RMB/吨

利用规模：>200万吨/年产油量：100万吨/年动态封存率：60%

封存量：>100万吨/年成本：30 RMB/吨

2015年 2020年 2030年

Launch full-chain demo

China CCUS vision and target

Establish 1 M t/a full-chain

demo

Capacity

Priority Actions and Suggestions on Full-Chain Demo

4

Priority Actions for Capture

Basic research: enhance basic scientific research on CO2 absorption, adsorption, membrane separation ,etc.

R&D: heat integration and coupling, H2/CO2 separation, etc.

Pilot project: industrial demonstration of different capture technologies.

Target

2015Scale: 0.1-3million tons CO2/yearEnergy penalty: <20%Cost: 210 RMB/t

2020Scale: 1 million tons CO2/yearEnergy Penalty: <15%Cost: 180 RMB/t

2030Scale: >1 million tons /yearEnergy penalty: <12%Cost: 140 RMB/t

2015Pipeline: > 80km

Cost: 90 RMB/t·100km

Transport capacity: 0.3

million tons/year

2020

Pipeline: 200km

Cost: 80 RMB/t·100km

Transport capacity: :>1

million tons/year

2030

Pipeline: >=1000km

Cost: 70 RMB/t·100km

Priority Actions for Transportation

Basic research: enhance basic scientific research to super critical CO2 pipeline.

R&D: Develop the design, planning and standard system for pipe/pipeline network and the large-scale, long-distance pipeline transportation safety technology.

Pilot project: Acquiring a complete manufacturing capacity for CO2 transportation technology and equipment

Target

2015Scale: 1 M tons/yearEOR: 0.3 M tons/yearStorage percentage:40-50%

2020Scale: 2 M tons/yearEOR: 0.6 M tons/yearStorage percentage:50-60%

2030Scale: >2 M tons/yearEOR: 1 M tons/yearStorage percentage:60%

Priority Actions for Utilization

Basic research: enhance basic scientific research including theories on CO2 EOR/Enhanced Gas Recovery (EGR), biological and chemical utilization.

R&D: conduct CO2 EOR/ECBM and storage potential assessment. Develop high-active and -stable catalyst and proprietary reactors, high efficiency algae screening and cultivation technology, etc.

Pilot project: establish a variety of optimized and integrated CO2 chemical utilization/conversion systems.

Target

2015Scale: 0.3 M tons/aCost: 50 RMB/t

2020Scale: 1M tons/aCost: 40 RMB/t

2030Scale: >1 M tons/aCost: 30 RMB/t

Basic research: enhance basic research on geological storage mechanism.R&D: launch nationwide storage capacity assessment; to develop assessment techniques and standard on site selection and safety, and monitoring and remediation techniques.Pilot project: establish the storage security system with a focus on site selection, project implementation guidelines and safety environment assessment standard.

Priority Actions for Storage

Target

Source Matching 1

On-land and off-shore Saline Aquifer Storage Opportunities

EOR and Depleted Oil reservoir Storage Opportunities

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深部咸水层

合成氨

水泥

乙烯

环氧乙烷

制氢厂

钢铁

火电

炼油厂

!( 大型油田

!( 中型油田

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Source Matching 2

ECBM Storage Opportunities

合成氨

水泥

乙烯

环氧乙烷

制氢厂

钢铁

火电

炼油厂

煤层

Source Matching 3

• Erdos Basin, Sichuan Basin, Songliao Basin etc. are

potentially good site for geological storage.

• East China has a better chance in demonstrating full

chain CCUS projects for now. But in the future, it may

be a better option to demonstrate CCUS projects in

west China.

Conclusion on Source Matching Analysis

Prioritization Criteria

1st Level 2nd Level

Emission Reduction

Potential

总有效CO2减排潜力最大CO2年捕集量最大CO2年封存量其他环境效益

Cost

CO2捕集与压缩成本(t/CO2)

运输、封存和额外收益总和(t/CO2)

Risks

技术成熟度泄漏/安全风险未来资源冲突

Potential

大规模推广后CCUS整体成本下降幅度

实用化后风险降低程度未来排放源变化情况未来公众认同度

Consistency to

Vision & Target

与技术发展愿景和各阶段目标一致

Inclusiveness 示范工程应涵盖所有的关键技术要素

Reality 企业明确CCUS技术示范计划

Suggestion on Full Chain 1

• The nationwide utilization and storage capacity assessment shall be conducted as soon as possible in order to better understand the CCUS potential in China.

• The first full-chain technology demonstration shall be launched for those high-concentration emission sources (such as coal chemical) due to the low capture cost; coal-fired power plant shall also carry on full-chain technology demonstration timely because their emissions are high in volume with multi-point sources; on the aspect of technological options, the demonstration on post-combustion capture, pre-combustion capture and oxy-fuel combustion shall be balanced.

• Considering the maturity of CO2-EOR technology and large potential for on-land saline aquifer storage, the full-chain technology demonstration for CO2-EOR and land saline aquifer storage shall be prioritized.

• The demonstrations and scale-up on the integration of CO2-EOR

and on-land saline aquifer with multiple capture options shall

actively but steadily take forward with an aim to operate

demonstration project at 1 million tons/year and above by 2030.

• The research on innovative and cost-effective CO2 utilization

technologies shall be enhanced, and initial demonstration can be

launched jointly with other integrated systems.

• The full-chain demonstration projects witness more opportunities

in Ordos Basin, Songliao Basin, Bohai Bay Basin and the

Junggar Basin, while the specific demonstration project shall take

the cost, safety, environment and other factors into consideration.

Suggestion on Full Chain 2

Suggestions on Full Chain Demo

2015 2020 20302010

海底咸水层

陆上咸水层

ECBM/酸气回注

EOR

<5万吨/年

>100万吨/年

富氧燃烧 高浓度排放源

燃烧后捕集燃烧前捕集

5~10万吨/年 11~30万吨/年

31~50万吨/年 51~100万吨/年

任一捕集方式

• Strength R&D• Promote industrialization policy

research• Strength international corporations on

science and technology

Support Policy and Suggestion5

Other Related Questions6

1. Fail to consider the competition between CCUS and other carbon technologies;2. Lack of research data, the evaluation may not be accurate;3. The evaluation is based on current technologies regardless of breakthroughs that

may happen in the future;4. Lack of assessment of CCUS deployment to macro socio-economy;5. Not consider international technology transfer and dissemination6. Not yet Assess the total NEED of Capital and Resources to realized the Targets.

As this study is the first attempt in China to provide guidance and recommendations for CCUS R&D and demonstration through a roadmap approach, flaws are inevitable. This roadmap would be improved and refined if there was appropriate financial support and more findings and data coming out from various studies. Besides, considering the complexity of CCUS technology system, it is possible to draw up more detailed roadmap with the focus either on the development of CCUS technology Roadmap on power industry and other industries , or on different technology elements, such as capture, utilization and storage in future.

Thanks！