Linking CCA and DRR

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Introduction

Similarities of DRR and CCA

Differences of DRR and CCA

Need to collaboration

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Global environmental change and natural hazards not beyond our control, nor are their impacts

Sustainable development necessary to reduce vulnerability – development not always sustainable

Responding to climate change requires understanding how to manage risk: lessons from disaster risk reduction community (practitioners, experts)

Uncertainty about future change is not a limitation – most risk is caused by our exposure and sensitivity to a hazard, not the hazard itself

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Mitigation: Measures aimed at reducing

the level of emission of carbon substances

into the atmosphere

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Process of adjusting to a changing climate, through explicit and planned interventions, or spontaneously as a consequence of inherent flexibility

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Interventions, approaches and policy frameworks to avoid

or minimise hazard impacts on societies and environment,

focusing on reducing vulnerability to hazards

Expanded beyond ‘risk management’ to incorporate lessons

into planning: focus on reducing risk, rather than only on

reconstructing the previous conditions (‘disaster

accumulation’)

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Disaster risk reduction: The broad

development and application of policies,

strategies and practices to minimize

vulnerabilities and disaster risks throughout

society, through prevention, mitigation and

preparedness.

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Similarities

CCA is about reducing vulnerability to

climate hazards; DRR is about reducing

vulnerability to all hazards.

Note: Both emphasis on vulnerability

reduction

Both are long-term processes and are not

‘quick-fix’ approaches8Markos

Development lies at the heart of both

DRR and CCA

Both approaches have a strong emphasis

of working at community level to build

resilience

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Different actors and lack of communication

Adaptation can be a response to positive changes; DRR always a response to negative events

DRR local issue, whereas climate change is a regional and global issue. This implies differences in levels of intervention, responsibility, impact and relevance

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Climate change seen as abstract, disasters seen as real. Most people cannot conceptualise climate change, but have experienced or witnessed at least one disaster

Uncertainty in climate change impacts makes understanding it difficult; imagining a disaster is easier

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Difference between emergency operations and long-term outlook of adaptation: role of humanitarian relief in disaster operations not consistent with risk and vulnerability reduction approach, nor with long-term outlook of adaptation

Disaster risk reduction uses less ‘technical’ language than climate change science and policy.

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DRR tackles the risks of geophysical

hazards (like volcanoes and

earthquakes), whereas adaptation does

not.

Adaptation also considers the long-term

adjustment to changes in mean climatic

condition, including the opportunities that

this can provide, whereas DRR is

predominantly interested in extremes.Markos 13

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CCA strategies aim to reduce vulnerability

to expected impacts of climate change.

The concept of CCA is broad

CCA strategies exist across local and

global scales, from community level

responses through to local, national and

international government interventions.Markos 18

community level strategies improvements to agricultural systems such as

crop diversification or the introduction of hazard resistant crop varieties

risk assessments and associated plans the protection of natural resources early warning systems education and awareness measures and

protection of water resources

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At the national level for least developed countries, some

countries have developed National Adaptation

Programmes of Action (NAPAs). NAPAs identify areas in which adaptation strategies are

essential in mitigating against adverse climate change effects.

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DRR and CCA need more integrated

approach

The institutional frameworks, political

processes, funding mechanisms,

information exchange and practitioner

communities have developed

independently and remain largely separate

to date.Markos 21

There is no systematic integration of

disaster risk management and climate

change adaptation

Government departments responsible

for poverty and DRR are in some

cases aware of vulnerability to

extreme climate events, but have no

means of co-ordination Markos 22

Confusion over similarities and

differences

Concern over different approaches

Lack of clarity regarding how integration

is achieved

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