C&C Research Laboratories NEC Europe Ltd. ADSL Brigitta Lange NEC Europe Ltd. C&C Research...

C&C Research LaboratoriesNEC Europe Ltd.

ADSL ADSL

Brigitta Lange

NEC Europe Ltd.

C&C Research Laboratories

Adenauerplatz 6

D-69115 Heidelberg

[email protected]

IP-Multicast IP-Multicast

over over

C&C Research Laboratories AIMS 99 -2-

NEC Europe Ltd.

• Internet Application Trends– Experiences ADSL Pilot Aachen– Requirements for Multicast Support

• Multicast Architectures for ADSL– Multicast Gateway– Multicast over PVC– Performance Results

• Field Trial Homelearning over ADSL

• Summary

OverviewOverview


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Internet Trends (1) Internet Trends (1)

Development of Internet Users in Germany (in Millions)

1,33

6,1

20

9,7

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

Source: NOP Research 1998


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Internet Trends (2)Internet Trends (2)

30%

33%

37%

44%

64%

66%

83%

83%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Source: NOP Research 1998

Information Seeking

Product Information

Softw are-Dow nloads

New s

Chat

TV-Programs

Investment Choices

Travel Arrangements

Purpose of Internet Access (Percent)


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Internet Trends (3) Internet Trends (3)

4,9%

8,8%

9,3%

19,9%

21,3%

26,6%

34,8%

74,0%

95,0%

95,8%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

Source: W3B Umfrage, Fittkau& Maß 1995-1998

E-Mail

WWW

FTP

New sgroups

Chat

Audio/Video-Transmission

Internet Telephony -Telefax

3D-Worlds, Virtual Reality

Video-Conferencing

Push-Technologies/-Channels

Usage of Internet Services & Applications (Percent)

Point to Point

Point to Multi-Point

Multi-Point to Multi-Point


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ADSL Pilot Aachen (1)ADSL Pilot Aachen (1)

• ADSL Pilot Aachen– Cooperation: RWTH Aachen, DTAG, NEC– launched in February 1998– currently 700 residential users

• Objectives– Test/ Evaluation ADSL Technology– High speed Internet/ remote LAN access– Analysis of User Behavior


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ADSL Pilot Aachen (2)ADSL Pilot Aachen (2)

• Experiences: user behavior – ADSL encourages multimedia applications– enables high-quality tele-working– growing demand for multimedia collaborative

applications: • audio/video conferencing, distributed games

• Delimiter for multimedia group applications: – require efficient PMP communication – lack of IP-Multicast support in access network


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Introduction to IP-MulticastingIntroduction to IP-MulticastingIP- Unicast

Host C

Host B

Host D

Host UHost A

Router

Router

Router

Host C

Host B

Host D

Host M

Host AIP- Multicast


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Broadband Access NetworksBroadband Access Networks• Roll out of ADSL:

– bandwidth no longer delimiter– delivery of broadband services to the homes

• Success of ADSL networks:– depends on high bandwidth applications – Network infrastructure has to support

emerging services– Multicast is essential for these applications

• IP-Multicast support is a key requirement for broadband access networks


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ADSL Network ArchitectureADSL Network Architecture

Customer Premises

Regional Broadband Network

CO

ONU

ONU

ONU

Central Office

ONU

ONUATU

Access Node

ATU

ATU

ONU: Optical Network UnitATU: ADSL Termination Unit

ISP

Content Provider

CorporateNetwork

Internet

Wide AreaNetwork

ONUMultimedia

Server

Backbone


NEC Europe Ltd.

ADSL Network ScenariosADSL Network Scenarios

• PPP over ATM over ADSL:– PPP provides Authentication Accounting,

Address assignment– ATM provides QoS guarantee

• Connection between End-user and NSP:– by ATM PVCs or by ATM SVCs

• In near future only PVCs will be available

• Goal: Provide IP-Multicast in this scenario– short-term solution based on PVCs


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Requirements for IP-Multicast Support over Requirements for IP-Multicast Support over ATM/ADSLATM/ADSL

• Key aspects: – scalability (# of clients, # of groups)– efficiency of data replication– avoid broadcasting all multicast groups – support for dynamic joining and leaving– accounting facilities

• Additional aspects:– QoS– implementation effort – smooth PVC -> SVC migration


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Multicast Architectures for ADSLMulticast Architectures for ADSL

• Multicast Gateway (short-term solution)– Multicast client-server application– access through Unicast tunnels

• Multicast over PVC (mid-term solution)– based on MARS/MCS– Multicast in PVC based access networks

• MARS/MCS (long-term solution)– IETF proposed standard– good scalability, based on SVCs


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Multicast Gateway (1) Multicast Gateway (1)

Multicast capablenetwork

Client

Client

Client

Multicast traffic +SAP

Multicast traffic through unicasttunnel

Non-multicastcapable network

SAPcache

MulticastGateway

MulticastSource

• Architecture:


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Multicast Gateway (2)Multicast Gateway (2)

Multicast Gateway

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

0 1 2 3 4 5

Bandwidth (Mbps)

Lo

sses (

%)

1 Client

2 Clients

5 Clients

• Performance Measurements


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Multicast Gateway (3)Multicast Gateway (3)

• Advantages– immediate realization– easy implementation

• Disadvantages– no real multicast: ADSL client has to install

special software– inefficient: replication of packets at

application layer (end user space)– not scalable with number of clients


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Multicast over PVC (1) Multicast over PVC (1)

• Adress resolution: MARS

• Replication/Forwarding: MCS

• Two approaches for data forwarding: – Multiple PP PVCs from MCS to each host:

• selective sending to hosts joined • replication done at the network level (kernel)

– PMP PVC to all hosts of cluster:• broadcast to all hosts, non-selective• efficient: replication done at the ATM level• flooding of users accesses with useless traffic


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Multicast over PVC (2)Multicast over PVC (2)

MRouter

MARS

MCS

IP-MC-Group ATM-Address

PP PVC

MRouter

MARS

MCS

PMP PVC


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Performance ComparisonPerformance Comparison

Multicast

Gateway

Point-to-

Point

Point-to-

Multipoint

1 Client 3 Mbps 29 Mbps 29 Mbps

2 Clients 2,4 Mbps 26 Mbps 29 Mbps

5 Clients <1 Mbps 6,2 Mbps 29 Mbps

• Bandwidth supported without losses for the different Multicast Architectures:

• Result: Multicast over PVC more efficient– supports larger number of end users


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DFN Project ANETTEDFN Project ANETTE

• ANETTE : Applications and NEtwork Technology for Teleteaching– joint proposal of the universities of

Mannheim, Freiburg, Aachen and NEC– funded by DFN (Germ. Research Network)– project duration: June 1999 - May 2001

• ATM/ADSL Field Trial for advanced Homelearning and Teleteaching scenarios

• Testbed for the proposed Multicast Architectures, scalability studies


NEC Europe Ltd.

ANETTE ScenarioANETTE Scenario

Home Students Aachen

B-WIN DFN

Heidelberg

Karlsruhe

Freiburg

Mannheim

Aachen

ISDN

ADSL

Home Students Mannheim

Lecture HallUniversities


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ANETTE: ADSL Trial AachenANETTE: ADSL Trial Aachen

StudentsHome

Uni Mannheim,...

CO

ONU

ONU

ONU

ADSL Multicast Access Server

MCRouter

CentralOffice

ONU

ONU

ADSL Multicast

Access Server

ATU1

ATM

XSwitch

1

2

3?

24

1

24

1

24

:

:

:

ATU

ATU

ATM Backboneof B-Win

RWTH Aachen

ONU

UniversityBackbone


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ANETTE: Teleteaching ToolsANETTE: Teleteaching Tools

Video

AudioControl

Whiteboard

Whiteboard Import


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SummarySummary

• Growing demand for multimedia group applications based on point-to-multipoint communication

• IP-Multicast support in RBB networks needed

• Two step proposal for ATM/ADSL networks: – Multicast Gateway (short term)– Multicast over PVC (mid-term, more efficient)

• Evaluation of both architectures in ADSL field trial for Interactive Homelearning scenarios

C&C Research Laboratories NEC Europe Ltd. ADSL Brigitta Lange NEC Europe Ltd. C&C Research...

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