CBNS annual report 2014

Annual Report 2014ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and TechnologyMonash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University381 Royal ParadeParkville VIC 3052, Australia

Phone: +61 3 9903 9712Email: [email protected]

www.bionano.org.au

Dr Roey Elnathan analysing an atomic force microscopy image acquired on a JPK Nanowizard 3. University of South Australia.

Collaborating Organisations

CBNS Annual Report 2014

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Contents

Cover image by Angus Johnston

About the CBNS

Director’s Report

Research

Delivery Systems

Vaccines

Imaging Technologies

Sensors and Diagnostics

Systems Biology and Computational Modelling

Social Dimensions of Bio-Nano Science and Technology

Engagement

Media

Events

Outreach and Education

Governance

Board of Directors

Scientific Advisory Board

Organisational Chart

Performance

Awards, Honours and Memberships

Presentations

Publications

Financial Report

Key Performance Indicators

Additional Information

CBNS Staff and Students

Visitors to the CBNS

CBNS Annual Report 2014 CBNS Annual Report 2014

About the CBNSThe CBNS was established in mid-2014 as a national innovator in bio-nano sciences, bringing together a diverse team of Australia’s leading scientists to develop next generation bio-responsive nano-structured materials.

The key science that underpins all the activities of the centre is to fully understand and then exploit the bio-nano interface. The applications that ensue from the fundamental understanding include vaccine, drug and gene delivery, bio-imaging – both cellular and whole body imaging and diagnostics. In addition the Centre research is fully integrated with a number of unifying themes including the social dimensions of bio-nanotechnology and a systems biology approach to fully describing the complex interactions that dictate success or failure of nanotechnology for therapeutic applications.

To succeed in this bio-nano area requires an integrated team of researchers coming from diverse backgrounds and we have assembled a remarkable team of highly distinguished scientists and engineers covering nanotechnology, polymer science, cell biology, cancer biology, systems biology, chemical engineering, immunology, chemistry and social science. The centre is constituted of five primary nodes: Monash University, Melbourne University, University of NSW, University of Queensland and the University of South Australia in addition to eight overseas partners and the Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation.

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NHMRC Early Career Fellow Dr Alexander Soeriyadi preparing a sample for surface characterisation using an X-ray photoelectron spectrometer. School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales.


Director’s Report

This is the first Annual report of the Australian Research Council’s (ARC) Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology (CBNS), covering the first six months of our operation since formation in mid-2014. The initial start-up period included the successful signing of agreements between all the participating organisations and the ARC, the Centre launch and the initialisation of the research programs, together with a flurry of activity in appointing new research staff and the emergence of strong cross-centre collaborative projects and initiatives. The first six months has seen outstanding scientific output, significant capacity building, the growth of National and International collaboration and collaborative networks, leadership in organising and sponsoring significant research symposia and meetings, numerous prizes, awards and Fellowships, increased interaction with industry and commercial activities together with a strong media profile to communicate our purpose and successes.

This report details our activities over the first six months, with reference to the goals and KPIs we set ourselves when the Centre was launched. We report on each research program, detailing the progress in each area from the inception of the Centre. We also report on other Centre activities including outreach, conference organisation and participation and as we are at the beginning of the journey we will hint at new ventures currently in the planning stage or early in the implementation phase. We are a large Centre with 19 Chief Investigators spread across five nodes, encompassing a huge amount of activity. I hope this report gives a flavour of the achievements we have made in our first six months. Some areas I would personally like to highlight are:

• Research productivity was extremely impressive across all the main themes of the CBNS including high-impact papers in biology, chemistry, materials and nanoscience, with emerging evidence of cross-disciplinary output across the centre. In the first 6 months we have over 150 publications with 10% co-authored by more than one Chief or Partner Investigator in the Centre – a percentage we anticipate will grow significantly as the Centre’s collaborative research programs begin to generate significant results. We published fourteen papers with impact factors above eight in the following prestigious journals: Advanced Functional Materials,

Advanced Materials, Angewandte Chemie, Chemical Science, Chemical Society Reviews, Developmental Cell, Journal of the National Cancer Institute, and Oncogene.

• The award of the Victoria Prize to Australian Laureate Fellow, Professor Frank Caruso (CBNS Deputy Director) in recognition of the tremendous contribution Frank has made to bio-nano science and to scientific research leadership in Victoria. It was also great recognition that both Professors Frank Caruso and Justin Gooding were recognised as highly cited researchers by Thomson Reuters in their 2014 list. Professor Mark Kendall was listed in Top 100 Australia’s most influential engineers and Professor Andrew Whittaker was awarded the Paul J. Florey Polymer Research Prize for excellence in polymer research. Professor Tom Davis was awarded an Australian Laureate Fellowship. It is not possible to list all the awards and prizes that were received by CBNS researchers in this highlight section, but all the awards are listed in the main body of the report, clearly indicating significant outside recognition of the quality of research, both fundamental and applied, that is being performed by CBNS researchers.

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• Leadership and participation in the organisation of major conferences and meetings including the International NanoMedicine Conference, held in Coogee in July, organised by Professors Kavallaris and Gooding, where CBNS researchers contributed many lectures; Nanotechnology and Medicines for Tomorrow, a one-day meeting organised by Professor Nigel Bunnett and Dr Angus Johnston in collaboration with Biomedical Research Victoria and the Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Victorian Polymer Technologies Workshop, a 2-day meeting organised by Dr Michael Whittaker in July 2014.

• Participation of CBNS students and early career researchers from all nodes in a workshop on Science Communication. The workshop was organised in collaboration with the ARC Centres of Excellence in Electromaterials Science and Nanoscale BioPhotonics and held by Questacon in Canberra in December.

• It is tremendous that we are already hosting a large number of overseas visitors and students to work in our research laboratories for significant amounts of time. CBNS also hosted visits from

some of our international partner organisations, to set up collaborations, with visits in the second half of 2014 from Professor David Haddleton (Warwick University), Professor Jason Lewis (Sloan-Kettering) and Professor Molly Stevens (Imperial College).

• Significant new industrial collaborations led by CBNS researchers with the award of new Linkage Projects (awarded in the 2014 round) with Companies: PolyActiva (Professor Davis), Halozyme Therapeutics (Professor Porter) and Inventia (Professors Gooding, Kavallaris and Davis).

• CBNS researchers have demonstrated significant interactions with the media; at the forefront has been Professor Mark Kendall with numerous interviews and press releases relating to the Nanopatch™ and vaccine innovations in the developing world - highlighting his work as CTO and Founder of Vaxxas - nominated in 2014 as a World Economic Forum Technology Pioneer for 2015.

In summary, the second half of 2014 has been our start-up phase, putting in place the organisation and projects on which to base future successes. We can clearly see enormous potential for future growth through collaboration, outreach and education. We have established an effective Board of Directors to be chaired by Professor Peter Doherty and a Scientific Advisory Board to be chaired by Professor Ian Frazer. We have also established a strategic fund for centre wide initiatives in outreach, communication and education with several major initiatives in place for 2015. I very much look forward to the future challenges, at the nexus of biology and chemistry, to understand and exploit opportunities at the bio-nano interface.

Tom Davis

Centre Director

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PhD student Laura Fitzgerald operating the live cell deconvolution microscope. Image shows cancer cells with targeted nanoparticles internalised into the cells. Monash University.

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Research

Robotic printing of nanoparticles. University of South Australia.


Nanoscale interactions between drugs, drug delivery devices and the fluids, tissues and organs of the body define patterns of drug disposition, activity and toxicity. The Delivery Systems Group at the CBNS is focussed on unravelling these interactions to inform the development of more effective therapeutics that target disease with superior selectivity and fewer side-effects. We aim to enhance drug selectivity through nanotechnology by linking drugs to ‘bioresponsive’ nanomaterials that become altered and release drug only in certain target conditions, and by developing surface-modified nanomaterials with affinities specific to target sites. The properties of novel nanomaterials can also be harnessed to the delivery of ‘difficult’ cargoes, such as the unstable nucleic acids used in gene silencing and gene therapy and to promote the transport of drugs across mucosal or epithelial barriers.

In the post-genomic era, the range of potential drug targets and the number of molecules that modify these targets (and therefore hold promise as new drugs) has significantly increased. The properties of these molecules, however, are often markedly different to that of classical drugs and as such they are notoriously difficult to formulate and to administer to humans effectively. Similarly, whilst great strides have been made in increasing drug potency, these advances present challenges in their own right, notably in selectivity, and delivery systems that deliver a drug to the

right target site at the right time and simultaneously reduce delivery to sites of toxicity are increasingly required.

Nanotechnology holds great promise to address these challenges. Encapsulation of drug molecules in nanoscale delivery systems has the potential to increase stability while promoting delivery targeted specifically to disease sites.

To realise the potential of nanomaterials in drug delivery, the Delivery Systems Group are: 1) mapping interactions between novel nanomaterials and the biological

environment; 2) developing unique, surface-modified nanomaterials to promote delivery to organs, cells and subcellular locations specifically associated with disease; 3) exploiting expertise in polymer and materials science to design novel nanomaterials that respond to specific biological stimuli for controlled drug release; 4) exploring nanomaterials as delivery systems to promote gene silencing and gene therapy; and 5) developing nanostructured systems to facilitate transepithelial and transmucosal drug delivery.

Delivery Systems

Research

An antibody targeted drug loaded polymer particle. The drug (shown in red) is encapsulated within the hollow polymer capsule (green). Targeting antibodies (blue) enable the capsules to be targeted to specific cells.

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Based on a developing understanding of the processes that regulate particle-cell interactions, the group is developing approaches for tailoring the surface properties of nanomaterials to reduce non-specific cellular uptake1 and to alter elasticity to allow more facile passage through blood capillaries2. These studies provide key fundamental knowledge to control and tune the biological performance of particle systems. The figure shows time-lapse fluorescence microscopy images (a,b) of particles (green) stopping (cross-linker concentration of 4 mg ml −1 ) or passing through (cross-linker concentration of 1 mg ml −1 ) the capillaries. Outline of capillaries from bright-field and overlayed. c) Bright-field microscopy image of red blood cells (colored red) passing through capillaries. Scale bars, 10 μm. The pressure drop in the microchannels is ∼6 mbar in (a–c). Reprinted with permission from ‘Super-soft hydrogel particles with tunable elasticity in a microfluidic blood capillary model’, Cui et al, Adv Mater, 26, 7295-7299, Copyright © 2014 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

References: 1Soft Matter 2014, 10, 2656; 2Adv Mater 2014, 26, 7295.

The Delivery Systems Group is focussed on the mechanisms by which nanomaterials interact with biological systems and particularly how they enter cells via endocytosis, the primary means of nanoparticle uptake into cells. Understanding the regulation, dynamics, and magnitude of uptake pathways in living cells and tissues is crucial in harnessing these pathways for drug delivery.

In order to design nanomaterials which target the desired body tissues, we need to understand how these materials are absorbed, metabolised and cleared from the body. We are studying the rates at which differing nanomaterials distribute and are eliminated in vivo, helping to gauge time spent in the body. In concert, a major Centre-wide collaboration has been initiated to map the interactions of different nanomaterials with human blood using a novel flow cytometric assay. We aim to subsequently correlate these blood interaction ‘fingerprints’ with cellular and in vivo studies to provide a basis for structure-disposition relationships across a diverse range of biomaterials.

We have explored a range of endocytic pathways of particle internalisation, including newly identified pathways that do not rely on the coat protein clathrin, processes that historically have been viewed as the most important mechanisms of internalisation. These new and less well understood pathways include the CLIC/GEEC pathway, a high capacity pathway localised to the leading edge of migrating cells that is involved in cell motility1-3, and caveolae, small flask-shaped pits that are abundant in many different mammalian cell types4. The figure shows Cryo TEM tomography of mCavin1 complexes. Left: a single plane of tomography

density map; right: segmented and filtered densities for the same area of the whole tomogram rotated by 45°. Numbers mark the same particles on two tomogram representations. Reprinted from ‘Structural insights into the organization of the cavin membrane coat complex’, Kovtun et al, Dev Cell, 31, 405-409, Copyright 2014, with permission from Elsevier.

References: 1PLoS One 2014, 9, e100554; 2Nat Cell Biol 2014, 6, 595; 3PLoS Biol 2014, 12, e1001832; 4Dev Cell 2014, 31, 405.

Mapping Bio-Nano Interactions and Rational Drug Design

Research

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In the pursuit of novel functional nanomaterials to improve drug delivery, a major focus of the CBNS has been the development of bioresponsive materials - materials that are modified in response to a specific stimulus (such as pH change). Materials which change in specific environments provide a means for controlled release of a drug restricted to its target location, such as inside a cancer cell. New bioresponsive nanomaterials being pursued include polymeric and nucleic acid-based templated capsules, self-assembled micellar and layer-by-layer constructs and macromolecular star polymers. We are also evaluating a range of porous nanoparticulates based on silica and silicon, and nanostructured materials based on lipids and hydrogels. Finally, we are starting to explore the potential of nanovesicles that spontaneously form in bacteria that are induced to express the human protein caveolin.

We have explored several stimuli-specific drug release mechanisms that take advantage of intrinsic physiological cues (e.g., enzymes,

pH or temperature), and provide possibilities to optimise drug release at a particular site – for example in the tumourenvironment1-4. These include polymer capsules that respond to pH5,6, the redox environment7 and intracellular enzymes8; porous silicon structures that respond to changes in temperature9 and lipid-based drug delivery systems that respond to pH10, enzymes11 and light12. We have also explored the concept of triggered drug release from nanostructured materials using external stimuli including radiofrequency signals13 and the use of DNA capsules that spontaneously disassemble in the presence of a complementary DNA sequence14.

At the same time, we have expanded our capabilities for the self-assembly of nanomaterials to allow material production more specifically and at scale. This has included exploring new assembly principles15-18 and the implementation of microfluidic devices19, electrophoresis20, and fluidised beds to promote particle

assembly21. We have also explored in detail the role of co-operativity in self-assembly22 and report the generation of the strongest self-assembled hydrogels known to date23.

References: 1Biomacromolecules 2014, 15, 53; 2Adv Funct Mater 2014, 24, 6187; 3Adv Healthcare Mater 2014, 3, 1551; 4Chem Mater 2014, 26, 1645; 5Adv Mater 2014, 26, 1901; 6Biomacromolecules 2014, 15, 4429; 7Biomacromolecules 2014, 15, 2784; 8Small 2014, 10, 4080; 9New Journal of Chemistry 2013, 37, 228; 10Int J Pharmaceut 2014, 471, 358; 11Langmuir 2014, 30, 5373; 12Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014, 16, 249363; 13Nanomedicine 2014, DOI 10.2217/nnm.13.93; 14Small 2014, 10, 2902; 15Langmuir 2014, 30, 6286; 16Angew Chem Int Ed 2014, 53, 5546; 17Polym J 2014, 46, 452; 18Macromol Mater Eng 2014, 299, 1285; 19J Control Release 2014, 190, 139; 20Nanoscale 2014, 6, 13416; 21Langmuir 2014, 30, 10028; 22J Am Chem Soc 2014, 136, 7505; 23Chem Comm 2014, 50, 15541.


Novel Nanomaterials for Targeted Drug Delivery

Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is self-assembled with alpha-cyclodextrin to form polyrotaxanes (PPRXs). The PRX core-shell particles are able to sequester small organic molecules and release these molecules upon degradation. Reprinted with permission from ‘Self-assembled stimuli-responsive polyrotaxane core-shell particles’, Tardy et al, Biomacromolecules, 15, 53-59, Copyright 2014 American Chemical Society.

Research

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Bioresponsive mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) have been developed that respond to two stimuli for drug release and can be tailored to require either one or both stimuli to effect drug release. In one example, the anticancer drug daunomycin was loaded into small pores within the nanoparticle structure and these pores then capped/blocked with gold nanoparticles. Low pH (pH < 5.5) or elevated adenosine triphosphate (ATP), both biological stimuli associated with cancer cells, caused release of the drug and stimulated anticancer activity. Subsequently, a more sophisticated MSN was developed where both stimuli were required for drug release2. In this case, the pores of the MSN were loaded with the anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX) and an esterase degradable polymer polycaprolactone (PCL). The particle was then coated with the pH sensitive polymer polyacrylic acid (PAA). At the low pH (pH < 5.5) near cancer cells, the PAA layer was lost, revealing a charged particle that was readily taken up into cells. Elevated enzyme levels in the cancer cells subsequently caused degradation of the PCL in the pores and drug release.

The figure shows A) Confocal fluorescent microscope images of neuroblastoma (SK-N-BE(2)) cells after incubation with free DOX (i, ii) and DOX loaded bioresponsive nanoparticles: PAA-PCL-MSNs (iii, iv) for 1 h (i, iii) and 4 h (ii, iv). What can be seen is after 4 hours there is DOX in the cell nucleus with both free DOX and the PAA-PCL-MSNs. However, significantly less DOX is used with the PAA-PCL-MSNs which also show an 8 fold higher selectivity for cancer cells over healthy cells. Together this means better targeted drug delivery and fewer side effects. Reprinted with permission from ‘Dual bioresponsive mesoporous silica nanocarrier as an “AND” logic gate for targeted drug delivery cancer cells’, Chen et al, Adv Mater, 24, 6999-7006, Copyright © 2014 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

References: 1Biomaterial Science 2014, 2, 121; 2Adv Funct Mater 2014, 24, 6999.

In an alternate approach, nanovesicles have been gen-erated using bacterial bioreactors. In this case, bacteria have been induced to express the mammalian protein caveolin1. Caveolin is critical for the formation of the ves-icles (or caveolae) that allow cells to take up and engulf material from their immediate environment. Stimulating bacteria to express caveolin results in spontaneous budding of small nanovesicles from the bacterial cell membrane, generating a membrane-enclosed structures that can incorporate drugs such as doxorubicin. These vesicles can incorporate targeting information and the image shows purified caveolin nanovesicles engineered to bind added targeting antibodies.

References: 1Cell 2012, 150, 752 and unpublished work.

Research

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The balance between activity and toxicity is a fine line for many therapeutics, and nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems show great promise for tipping this balance in favour of increased activity and reduced toxicity. For example, the cytotoxic drugs often used in cancer therapy have only limited tumour permeability and efficacy while they are often toxic at non-tumour sites. Nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems can encapsulate a large proportion of the drug, reducing drug concentrations at sites of toxicity, while promoting accumulation at tumour sites. The surface of nanomaterials may be further

‘decorated’ with molecules having a specific affinity for a particular cell type, such as a tumour, providing a means to target delivery systems to a specific site.

Doxorubicin is used in the treatment of a range of cancers but also causes dose-limiting side effects1. CBNS researchers have developed a dextran-based nanocarrier with an acid labile linker, designed to promote triggered drug release in the acidic environment of the endosomes2 inside cells (since most nanoparticles are taken up into cells by endocytosis). A powerful imaging technique, fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) has

subsequently been used to show that the nanocarrier particles are indeed internalized intact into cells and that doxorubicin is released inside the cells. Interestingly, the nanoparticles penetrated into 3-dimensional tumour models (spheroids) much more effectively than doxorubicin alone suggesting potential advantages, not only in reduced toxicity, but also in tumour penetration.

References: 1Nanomedicine 2014, 10, 1131; 2ACS Biomacromolecules 2014, 15, 262.


Controlled and Site Specific Delivery of Therapeutics

Nanomaterials based on silica and silicon can also be synthe-sised to provide a highly porous internal particle structure that allows effective drug loading and controlled release. Mesoporous silica ‘supraparticles’ (MS-SPs), for example, have been used to allow sustained drug release after local delivery to the inner ear. After intracochlear implantation, neurotrophins (proteins that promote neuron function) released from the MS-SPs were able to recover some auditory neuron function in an in vivo hearing loss model1. Porous nanomaterials based on silicon nanoparticles and nanowires2 have also been explored as vehicles for the delivery of siRNA3, nitric oxide4, chemotherapeutics5 and growth factors6.

The figure shows a schematic representation of (a) the prepa-ration of MS-SPs and (b) surgical implantation of MS-SPs in the inner ear. BDNF: brain-derived neurotrophic factor; ST: Scala Tympani; SV: Scala Vestibuli; SM: Scala Media; ANs: primary Auditory Neruons. Reprinted with permission from ‘Mesoporous silica supraparticles for sustained inner-ear drug delivery’, Wang et al, Small, 10, 4244-4248, Copyright © 2014 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

References: 1Small 2014, 10, 4244; 2NanoToday 2014, 10.1016/j.nantod.2014.04.001; 3Nanomedicine 2014, 10.2217/nnm.14.12; 4Nanoscale Res Lett 2014, 10.1186/1556-276x-9-333; 5Adv Health-care Mat 2013, 2, 718; 6J Endocrinol 2014, 221, 201.

Research

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Many cancers spread (metastasise) via the lymphatic system resulting in growth of secondary tumours in the lymph nodes that drain a primary tumour site. We have been investigating how nanomaterials can be employed to mimic the transport pathways of cancer metastases, entering the lymph and enhancing exposure to downstream lymph nodes. We have shown that nanomaterials that are surface-modified with hydrophilic polyethylene glycol (PEG) polymers, and that are sufficiently small to allow facile diffusion or convection from an injections site, most readily access the lymph and may accumulate in lymph nodes at much higher levels than are possible using traditional drug formulations1.

In concert with efforts in controlled drug release and drug targeting, we have also focussed on the development of polymeric ‘theranostics’. Theranostics allow for simultaneous therapy and diagnosis by combining site-specific drug delivery technology and imaging. For example we have developed a probe targeted towards prostate cancer that can image and delineate tumour boundaries at the same time as delivering a therapeutic payload2. In order to develop an understanding of how material properties affect the utility of polymeric delivery systems we have also utilised an imaging technique that allows the combination of 3D radiotracer imaging (PET) of a nanoparticle with high resolution magnetic resonance imaging of the tissues to monitor the distribution of polymeric drug delivery vehicles within tumours3. This provides dynamic scans of drug distribution and allows the kinetics of tumour accumulation and drug release to be obtained in real-time. Such information will help us refine and design future theranostics.

References: 1J Control Release 2014, 193, 241; 2Polymer Chem 2014, 5, 6932; 3J Chem Tech Biotech 2014, DOI: 10.1002/jctb.4489.

Nitric oxide (NO) plays an important role in many bioregulatory systems and is implicated in diabetes, liver fibrosis, cardio-vascular illness, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer. However, the controlled delivery of NO to biological systems is challenging as NO gas has only limited solubility in water and has a very short half-life in the body (seconds). To address these challenges, CBNS researchers have employed gold nanoparticles coated with functionalized with polymers to deliver NO under tightly defined conditions. These nanoparticles can be tailored to allow slow release of NO, with applications as antibac-terial agents and in chemotherapy1,2. References: 1J Mater Chem B, 2014, 2, 5003; 2J Polym Sci, Part A: Polym Chem 2014, 52, 2099.

Research

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‘Silencing’ abnormal genes such as those that cause cancer is a promising therapeutic strategy. Short-interfering RNAs (siRNA) are highly effective at silencing gene expression in vitro (i.e. in cell culture in the laboratory), but lack stability in the blood and are rapidly degraded in the body. To combat these problems, CBNS researchers are employing nanoparticles to improve the stability of therapeutic siRNAs and to facilitate delivery to targets including tumours and the brain1-5. As part of these efforts, we are also focussed on understanding and optimising techniques for bioconjugation of siRNA to polymeric carriers6.

Lipidated polylysine dendrimers have been used to complex with siRNA and to facilitate delivery to lung tumours in vivo1. In these studies, the siRNA delivered was designed to target and silence the expression of a key gene involved in the regulation of tumour growth and metastasis. The study illustrates the potential of siRNA-nanoparti-cles as a novel therapy for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer and potentially other solid tumours1.

Flow cytometry histograms (I and II) and confocal images (III-VI) demonstrating cell uptake of fluorescently labelled-siRNA (green) in NSCLC (H460 and Calu-6) cells complexed to iNOP-7 (8:1 w/w) 24h post-transfection. Fluorescent siRNA (Green), cell membrane (Red), and nuclear DNA (Blue), n = 3 (white arrows show the location of siRNA). Reproduced from ‘therapeutic targeting of polo-like kinase 1 using RNA-interfering nanoparticles (iNOPs) for the treatment of no-small cell lung cancer’, McCarroll et al, Oncotarget, Advance Publications 2014, under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License, Copyright 2014 Impact Journals, LLC.

References: 1Oncotarget (Advance Publications 2014, McCarroll et al); 2Nanoscale 2014, 6, 11676; 3Nanomedicine 2014, 9, 2309; 4Front Mol Neurosci 2014, 7, DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2014.00080; 5J Chem Tech Biotech 2014, DOI: 10.1002/jctb.4508; 6Macromolecules 2014, 47, 5211.

Gene Silencing and Gene Therapy

Research

Honours student Christine Wun was developing hybrid organic-inorganic gold nanoparticles for drug delivery. Monash University.


The CBNS has developed a dual-action nanoparticle, combining gene-silencing siRNA and an imaging agent1. We loaded human serum albumin-based nanoparticles with siRNA and attached complexes based on gadolinium, an element that acts as a magnetic resonance imaging agent. In this way the nanoparticles could be monitored throughout the delivery and gene silencing process, allowing researchers to track more precisely where delivery occurred. In a similar fashion, biodegradable and biocompatible nanoparticles based on silicon have been examined as a route to gene silencing, using the internal porosity of the particles to incorporate siRNA by electrostatic adsorption. These particles were readily taken up into glioblastoma (brain tumour) cells and were able to downregulate gene expression by up to 40%2.

Research

Confocal laser scanning microscopy images acquired in two fluorescence channels (green and red) show-ing the cell uptake of gadolinium-modified siRNA/HSAFITC (si20-hsa62) replicated nanoparticles (labelled in green) by A549 cells stained in red (cell membrane staining). Reproduced from ‘Templated assembly of albumin-based nanoparticles for simultaneous gene silencing and magnetic resonance imaging’, Mertz et al, Nanoscale 2014, 6, 11676-11680, with permission from The Royal Society of Chemistry.

The safe delivery of transgenes to spinal cord neurons in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is problematic. To meet this challenge, we have designed ‘immunogene’ nanoparticles. These particles carry transgene DNA and are also conjugated to an antibody that binds to the target cell type3. We have tested this approach using an antibody to neurotrophin receptor p75 to promote site-specific delivery of a transgene for green fluorescent protein (GFP) to motor neurons. After injection to neonatal mice, GFP specific motor neuron expression was evident in 25% of lumbar, 18% of thoracic and 17% of cervical motor neurons suggesting widespread successful delivery of the transgene.

References:1Nanoscale 2014, 6, 11676; 2Nanomedicine 2014, 9, 2309; 3Front Mol Neurosci 2014, 7, DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2014.00080

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One focus of the Delivery Systems Group is the use of the NanopatchTM to deliver drugs directly across epithelial or mucosal barriers. The NanopatchTM is a patch bearing an ultra-high density array of projections or microneedles that can be applied to the skin or other epithelial or mucosal barriers, where the microneedles penetrate the barrier and deliver an associated payload to the underlying tissue with great efficiency. Importantly, however, the needles do not penetrate deep enough to access

pain receptors. This technology is being applied to the development of next generation needle-free vaccines (see Vaccines), but also shows significant potential in drug delivery. A spin out company, Vaxxas that stemmed from the work of researchers within the University of Queensland node of CBNS was established in 2011 to commericalise the technology and CBNS scientists continue work closely with Vaxxas to better understand the fundamental drivers of drug transport and delivery.

Whilst much of the focus of activity for the NanopatchTM in 2014 was directed towards improved vaccine delivery, in a novel extension of these studies we have investigated the use of the NanopatchTM to deliver siRNA-loaded liposomes1. This provided proof-of-concept evidence to support the use of the NanopatchTM to promote effective delivery of siRNA across the skin, opening the door for needle-free gene silencing applications.

For life threatening applications such as cancer, drug delivery via injection is well tolerated as patients are often in a hospital or clinic setting. For non-life threatening disease or in areas such as the developing world where access to sterile needles is limited, delivery via injection is less useful and drugs must be given by means other than injection. Traditionally this has meant oral administration, but also includes, for example, delivery across the skin or via the lungs. The delivery of nanomaterials across these barriers, however, is challenging.

After oral administration, the barrier properties of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) hinder the absorption of nanomaterials. None-theless, nanostructured materials show great promise as a means of delivering drugs to the absorptive epithelia in the GIT and promoting drug absorption, even when the delivery system itself is not absorbed intact. In the GI environment, nanostructured drug delivery systems interact with a series of enzymes and transporter systems that have evolved to process dietary lipids, carbohydrates and proteins and to maximise nutrient absorption. CBNS scientists have focused on the use of lipid based nanoemulsions. These systems promote the absorption of otherwise poorly absorbed drugs, increasing the chance of effec-tive oral delivery. Recent focus has been directed towards controlling the rate of digestion of lipid nanoemulsions in order to maximise drug absorption2 and on the use of novel lipid based ionic liquids3 and lipid prodrugs4 to promote drug incorporation into lipid absorption pathways. These studies show remarkable increases in the efficiency of drug absorption by piggybacking onto natural lipid absorption systems and also provide a means for drug delivery to the lymphatic system and lymph nodes in the gut. The figure is reproduced from ‘Ionic liquids provide unique opportunities for oral drug delivery: structure optimization and in vivo evidence of utility’, Williams et al, Chem Commun 2014, 10, 1688-1690, with permission from The Royal Society of Chemistry.

References: 1 J Controlled Release 2014, 194, 148; 2J Controlled Release 2014, 192, 219; 3Chem Commun 2014, 50, 1688; 4J Controlled Release 2014, 177, 1.

Key Goals for 2015

Advances in Transepithelial and Transmucosal Drug Delivery

Research

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2015 will see the first full year of activity for CBNS and many collaborative cross-Centre projects have been established in 2014 and will accelerate in 2015. The following provides a summary of the aims of Delivery Systems Group Projects in 2015.

1. To evaluate polymer brushes and templated PEG based nanocapsules as enhanced drug deliverysystems.

2. To examine the ability of nanoparticle based delivery systems to target G-protein coupled receptorbased cellular signaling pathways in the endosome.

3. To profile the interactions of a wide range of nanomaterials with human blood using a novel flowcytometric assay and to correlate with patterns of in vivo distribution.

4. To characterize caveospheres as a novel drug delivery vehicle.

5. To develop novel antibody-drug conjugates and to evaluate their utility as targeted drug deliverysystems.

6. To develop nanoparticle based delivery systems for siRNA for the treatment of solid tumours usingstar polymers, albumin nanoparticles and microporous silicon and silica networks.

7. To explore the utility of lipid based formulation and lipid conjugates to promote incorporation into lipidabsorption and distribution pathways.

8. To investigate the functionalization of lipid based nanostructured particles to enable specific cellular interactions.

Key Goals for 2015

Research

Part of the work in the CBNS involves a new form of electron microscopy called Serial Blockface Scanning Electron Microscopy (EM). In this system a microtome equipped with a diamond knife is actually mounted inside the specimen chamber of the microscope. The specimen is cut with the knife to remove slices of material and the remaining blockface is then imaged. This sectioning and imaging is performed over and over so that a three dimensional data set is acquired. Because the system can operate over very long periods multiple cells can be analysed in 3D at EM resolution for the first time. Chief Investigator Rob Parton (pictured), in collaboration with other CBNS investigators, is using the Zeiss Sigma scanning EM with Gatan 3View system located within the Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis (CMM), University of Queensland, to gain new insights into how nanoparticles are handled by cells.

A reconstruction of a migrating cancer cell (Nicholas Ariotti, Parton laboratory, in collaboration with Robyn Webb, CMM) with different organelles highlighted.


A major opportunity exists for nanoengineered materials to improve vaccine design and efficacy. Vaccination is arguably the most cost-effective method of controlling infectious disease and has resulted in the eradication of smallpox and near eradication of polio. However, there are many epidemic and endemic pathogens that cause a global burden of disease for which highly effective vaccines do not exist. These include HIV, Tuberculosis, Hepatitis C and Malaria. These chronic and recurrent pathogens are adept at evading immunity and indeed may highjack cellular processes for their own gain. More sophisticated delivery and targeting of vaccines to induce more effective immunity, provides potential solutions to these currently intractable challenges. Replacing traditional vaccines with engineered nanostructures, in combination with delivery to immunologically privileged sites such as the skin, provides a means for both antigen protection and a conduit to improved antigen sampling. The promise of this technology is to both improve the protective efficacy of the vaccine and at the same time reduce unwanted “off-target” side effects.

There is a clear gap in knowledge around efficient mechanisms to deliver appropriate vaccine antigens in order to successfully induce potent immune responses. The key to solving these issues is a more advanced understanding of the interactions between nano-engineered vaccine structures and the immune cells that amplify immunity, particularly dendritic cells. The Centre CIs are now designing and testing vastly improved vaccine concepts that will be further

developed and evaluated through the CBNS. These concepts include vaccines microinjected directly next to skin dendritic cells, vaccines incorporated within caveolin nanovesicles and vaccines and biological molecules delivered through novel nano-capsules. The latter approach uses advanced capsules that are avidly taken up by dendritic cells and are highly immunostimulatory in vitro and in animal models. Looking forward, next generation nano-capsule

vaccines will be functionally engineered at the nano-scale to more efficiently target dendritic cells using surface-tethered antibodies, express potent adjuvants to enhance immunostimulation, and to shield the capsules from non-specific uptake by non-immune cells by modifying the capsule surface with ‘antibiofouling’ polymers such as poly-ethylene glycol.

Vaccines

a) Synthesis of drug loaded nanoparticles using a mesoporous template. b) Delivery of the drug particles to cells. Once the particles are internalised into the cell, the drug is released, triggering a signalling cascade that up regulates surface receptors and cytokine production. Reprinted (adapted) with permission from ‘Mechanically Tunable, Self-Adjuvanting Nanoengineered polypeptide Particles’, Cui et al, Adv Mater, 25, 3468-3472, Copyright © 2013 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

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The CBNS has established expertise in creating nano-sized vesicles, called caveospheres, in bacteria. Expression of a mammalian protein, called caveolin, drives the formation of nanovesicles that bud from the plasma membrane of the bacteria and accumulate inside the cell. These nanovesicles can be isolated and loaded with compounds of interest and preliminary work has shown that, by specifically engineering the caveolin proteins, the caveospheres can be targeted to specific cell types1. We have

initiated projects to investigate the potential of caveospheres as novel vaccine development vehicles. This project is generating cellular interaction profiles in human whole blood and will then relate this data to more detailed in vitro cellular uptake studies and in vivo deposition profiles. Producing these caveospheres in bacteria allows unrivalled flexibility in co-expressing both vaccine antigens and immune-cell targeting molecules within the caveospheres.

Reference: 1Cell 2012, 150, 752.

Caveolin nanospheres as a vaccine delivery agent

Caveosphere particles purified from bacteria and viewed by negative staining (background image) and from a 3D tomographic reconstruction (overlay).

A major issue in delivering vaccines is to target them to the key antigen-presenting cells and to avoid non-specific clearance of the vaccine particles. We recently developed polyethylene glycol (PEG) hydrogel particles using a mesoporous silica (MS) templating method1. We tuned the PEG molecular weight, particle

size, and the presence or absence of the template to investigate the cell association of these particles. We found that smaller particles with high molecular weight PEG had very little non-specific uptake in vitro using human blood cell models and that was mirrored by prolonged biodistribution in mice.

These exciting particles are now being prepared to target specific immune cells by functionalizing them with monoclonal antibodies.

Reference: 1ACS Nano 2015, DOI 10.1021/nn5061578.

Stealth vaccine particle to enhance specific vaccine delivery

Atomic force microscopy images of PEG4-1000, PEG40-500 and PEG40-280 Nanoparticles. Reprinted (adapted) with permission from ‘Engineered Poly(ethylene glycol) Particles for Improved Biodistribution’, Cui et al, ACS Nano 2015, DOI 10.1021/nn5061578. Copyright 2015 American Chemical Society.

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One of the key challenges associated with translation of nanomedicines into vaccines and other applications is understanding the potential for downstream health issues. Thus, a systematic investigation of how nanomaterials affect cellular environments is required in order to develop predictive relationships between structure, function and subsequent physiological response. Such relationships are often determined by the intrinsic characteristics of nanoparticles, such as chemical composition (functionality), size, surface charge, architecture, roughness and surface chemistry. We are currently investigating the physiological response to well-defined nanomaterials based on hyperbranched polymers (HBPs)1.

Size and surface charges are an initial focus of this investigation since they are the dominant physical parameters that dictate the route (absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion) of polymeric nanocarriers in the human body and whether they can by-pass the numerous biological barriers or obstacles and take effect at the desired locations. We envisage that these studies will provide us with strategies to predict and evaluate the fate of polymers at whole body and cellular levels, making the application of polymeric material in vaccine delivery more time and cost effective.

Reference: 1J Am Chem Soc 2014, 136, 2413.

Hyperbranched polymers to probe immune cell interactionsSchematic representation of a hyperbranched polymer. Reprinted (adapted) with permission from ‘Multimodal Polymer Nanoparticles with Combined 19F Magnetic Resonance and Optical Detection for Tunable, Targeted, Multimodal Imaging in Vivo’, Rolfe et al, J Am Chem Soc 2014, 136, 2413−2419. Copyright 2014 American Chemical Society.

Research

Most of today’s vaccines are delivered by the needle and syringe in to muscle. It has been identified that epithelial tissue – like skin and mucosa – presents an opportunity for improved vaccines; because of the resident abundant immune-cell populations. Our focus is in targeting vaccines to these epithelial sites for improved vaccines. The starting point in this project is our NanopatchTM, an ultra-high density array of projections,

which is applied to the skin and has achieved improved immune responses compared to needle-based delivery (even to skin)1. Within the project we have extended beyond the Nanopatch and: (1) progressed advances in designs, fabrication and formulation; (2) gained new insights into the mechanical behaviour of the interaction with such geometries with the epithelium (which behaves as a biomaterial); (3) explored

local resultant interactions in the tissue (e.g. vaccine diffusion and local inflammation); (4) connected these with immune responses. We have better established the connection between these “inputs” and immune responses, thereby pushing forward the field of immunology. This helps pave the way for next-generation needle-free improved vaccines.

Reference: 1J Invest Dermatol 2014, 134, 2361.

Vaccine delivery to epithelial tissue with microprojection arrays

Size comparison of a Nanopatch™ next to a 31-guage needle.

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Lipid-based nanoparticles offer an alternative to polymer-based systems as they can be constructed from biocompatible lipid materials and can possess internal structure that can be controlled and rendered stimuli responsive to modify drug release and interaction with surfaces. Of these systems, cubosomes and hexosomes are receiving increasing interest due to their interesting internal structures

and are analogous to liposomes in that they are generally stable in aqueous media. Among other potential functions, they have been proposed as vaccine carriers or adjuvants. In contrast to liposomes, their surface is not a putative smooth spherical substrate, but is geometrically ordered, leading to differential interactions with surfaces. Transitions between the structures can be triggered by

a wide range of stimuli, offering high degrees of functionality. We are now studying such particles for their interactions with human blood immune cells1. A better understanding of these fundamental interactions will then allow rational selection of structural types and/or surface chemistry to optimize their applications as vaccine delivery systems.

Reference: 1Langmuir 2014, 30, 5373.

Lipid-based nanoparticle vaccines

Injectable responsive lipid particles are formed by dispersing polar lipids in water and the internal structure forms spontaneously. Changes in structure can then be induced by different stimuli such as light or magnetic fields, to control drug release and modify biodistribution behaviour. The four main structures formed are illustrated: (1) Reversed micellar structure; (2) Reversed bicontinuous cubic structure, which includes two non-intersecting water channels; (3) Lamellar structure; (4) Reversed hexagonal structure, with closed reversed micellar rods arranged in a hexagonal pattern.

1. Improve understanding of the interaction of immune cells with a wide range of nano-engineered structures.

2. Extend the understanding of the connection between the mechanical delivery of vaccine to epithelial tissues with novel microprojection patch designs and resultant immune responses – for improved needle-free vaccines.

3. Engineer next generation nano-capsule vaccines to more efficiently target dendritic cells using surface-tethered antibodies.

4. Express more potent adjuvants to enhance immunostimulation by nanoparticle vaccines.

5. More efficiently shield nano-capsules from non-specific uptake by immune cells by modifying the capsule surface, while still maintaining efficient targeting.

Key Goals for 2015

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Fluorescence, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), X-ray computed tomography (CT) and positron emission tomography (PET) agents have led to major advances in our understanding of diseased tissue. Often these are blood flow agents that accumulate in the tissue of origin due to changes in the local blood flow. For example the leaky vasculature within cancerous tissue can be taken advantage of to allow permeation and retention of imaging agents in tumours. Such simple agents however, cannot be targeted to specific diseases (or even specific tumours), and are poor at detecting the early stages of disease and/or small tissue volumes.

The programs within the Imaging Technologies Group of the CBNS focus on these challenges, aiming to identify novel, safe and more effective imaging agents. The issues of selectivity, specificity, responsiveness and lifetime

will be tackled using polymer-based imaging agents. Using a macromolecular strategy allows, for example, superior relaxivity for paramagnetic MRI contrast agents (thereby addressing sensitivity issues) and also provides control over nanostructure and therefore in vivo lifetimes and clearance. Specificity will be achieved by modifying polymeric imaging agents with bio-recognition molecules such as antibodies in conjunction with other programs within the CBNS.

In collaboration with the Delivery Systems Group, imaging particles will be made responsive using molecular beacons which can be interrogated to provide information on cell function or local metabolic processes. Simple examples of this are agents that can be designed to respond to changes in temperature, pH, redox potential, hypoxia, etc. Imaging agents responsive to oxygen tension, or specific ions

can be envisaged and polymeric architecture provides very distinct advantages in the design of these molecules.

The key scientific goals of the Imaging Technologies Group are: 1) to develop imaging agents withhigh specificity for particular tissue types and diseases, specifically determining the most effective targeting strategies; 2) to design imaging agents that are responsive to biological triggers, so that certain pathologies, for example hypoxia, inflammation and cancerous tissue can be identified; 3) to investigate how the structure of imaging agents influences the lifetime in vivo, so that clearance of the imaging agent can be controlled to ensure appropriate cellular uptake and removal of the agent from the body; and 4) to investigate the design requirements to optimise sensitivity of imaging agents, to allow early detection of disease and to identify the margins of diseased tissue.

Imaging Technologies The CBNS will develop new, ‘intelligent’ imaging agents whose fate can be predicted and controlled, that respond to changes in local biochemical signals and that facilitate the early detection of disease progression such as metastatic spread. CBNS research will lead to safer, more sensitive imaging agents for MRI, PET, X-ray CT and ultrasound. Imaging lies at the core of many of the research projects of the CBNS and so the Imaging Technologies Group will support many of the activities. Importantly, the CBNS is connected to the national network of imaging capabilities, providing an outlet for commercial development and receipt of real-world feedback regarding design requirements.

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In recent years, the development of stimuli-responsive imaging agents has attracted significant interest from a number of scientific groups internationally, and end users of imaging agents. Imaging agents sensitive to environmental conditions (for example pH, temperature, metal concentration, etc.), termed “smart” imaging agents, can be designed to be only visible (detectable) in specific circumstances. These molecules offer the prospect of non-invasively interrogating the biochemistry of tissue, using conventional imaging technology. Imaging agents that are responsive to pH are especially attractive because of the well-known variation in pH in tissue types and in diseased tissue. CBNS researchers have developed new approaches to stimuli-responsive polymers based on 19F MRI, a new and potentially powerful technology1. In particular we have developed a series of core-crosslinked branched polymers in which the imaging response depends on the pH of the solution.

Reference: 1Polym. Chem. 2014, 5, 1760-1771.

A second class of stimuli-responsive molecules developed by CBNS researchers are linear comb molecules1. These molecules contain oligo-ethylene oxide side chains which alter dimensions in response to a change in temperature, and especially a change in ionic strength. The ionic strength and ionic makeup of the cellular cytoplasm in most cancer cells differs markedly from the cells within normal tissue; we aim to exploit these molecules for remote measurement of ionic strength and hence detection of diseased cells. The linear statistical copolymers of oligo-ethylene glycol methacrylate and trifluoroethyl acrylate were studied in detail and their application in vivo is currently being investigated. CBNS researchers have also studied the role that the precise molecular placement of gadolinium ions can play in optimising MRI nano-contrast agent efficacy2.

References: 1J Polym Sci, Part A: Polym Chem 2014, 52, 2375-2385; 2Polymer Chemistry 2014, 5, 2592-2601.

Responsive Imaging Agents

Schematic illustration of a core-crosslinked nanoparticle consisting of biocompatible and shielding arms, partially-fluorinated segments for 19F MRI and a degradable core to allow renal clearance. Reproduced from ‘Biodegradable core crosslinked star polymer nanoparticles as 19F MRI contrast agents for selective imaging’, Wang et al, Polymer Chem, 2014, 5, 1760-1771, with permission from The Royal Society of Chemistry.

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Theranostics is a term which describes the combination of a drug delivery vehicle and an imaging agent, so that targeted delivery of therapeutic molecules to a specific site of disease can be confirmed by an imaging modality. Molecular imaging thus provides a means of validating the efficacy of polymeric delivery vehicles and theranostics, and furthermore offers a methodology for probing the interplay between nanomaterials and biology1. An important strategy for achieving this is to use multiple imaging agents on a

single molecule, to take advantage of the respective advantages of the various imaging technologies. Multimodality has also been a key research focus where CBNS researchers have utilised the properties of polymers to enhance contrast of imaging agents.

CBNS investigators have published the first dual-modality polymeric imaging system that incorporates 19F MRI with fluorescence imaging for visualising solid tumours in vivo2. Similarly, a dual PET-fluorescence polymeric probe was developed

which provided a means of combining highly sensitive PET imaging with longitudinal scanning that utilised the fluorescence for detection3. The imaging probe has been shown to have significant uptake into tumour cells (pictured), demonstrating the importance of molecular imaging agents for studying diseases such as cancer.

References: 1Polym Chem 2015, 6, 868; 2J Am Chem Soc 2014, 136, 2413; 3Polym Chem 2014, 5, 4450-4458.

Theranostic Devices

72 hour time course of optical imaging of a murine subcutaneous B16 melanoma tumour, injected with HBP 2A. Top row: non-tumour bearing flank, bottom row: tumour bearing flank. Reproduced from ‘Synthesis of a multimodal molecular imaging probe based on a hyperbranched polymer architecture’, Boase et al, Polym Chem 2014, 5, 4450-4458, with permission from The Royal Society of Chemistry.

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In a collaborative study with scientists from Hubei University we have developed novel fluorescence-MRI multi-modal imaging agents based on the non-toxic metal europium1. The use of these materials as blood-pool MRI and fluorescence agents was demonstrated in a mouse model, demonstrating the advantages of utilising multimodality to understand diseases. CBNS researchers, in a collaboration with our Warwick University partners, developed

MRI responsive nanoparticles with glycopolymer shells responsive to lectin binding as a model for theranostoic nanoparticles with the potential for changing an MRI signal when a specific targeting event occurs2.

CBNS researchers have developed new theranostic nanomaterials that allow simultaneous fluorescence imaging of drug delivery devices. The delivery of a model drug to prostate cancer cells was

monitored using optical imaging4. This technology promises far greater insight into the mechanisms underlying efficacy of drug delivery devices.

References: 1J Mater Chem B 2014, 2, 546-555; 2Chemical Science 2014, 5, 715-726; 3J Chem Technol Biotechnol 2014, 10.1002/jctb.4489; 4Polymer Chemistry 2014, 5, 6932.

CBNS researchers have utilised simultaneous PET-MR to investigate the diffusion characteristics of large polymeric nanomaterials into solid tissue. Cu-64-labelled polymers provided a means of tracking the polymer distribution throughout a tumour in mice using Gd-enhanced MRI to map the vasculature. The figure shows close up PET-CT and PET-MR images of a mouse bearing a B16 melanoma. (a) coronal slice through a CT image at the same anatomical position as (b) coronal slice through a PET image and (c) PET-CT fusion image. (d) Coronal slice through a gadolinium contrast enhanced MRI at the same anatomical position as (e) coronal slice through a PET image and (f ) PET-MR fusion image. The white circled regions in (d) are the possible position of major tumour blood vessels. Reprinted with permission from ‘Imaging tumour distribution of a polymeric drug delivery platform in vivo by PET-MRI’, Puttick et al, J Chem Technol Biotechnol, DOI 10.1002/jctb.4489, Copyright © 2014 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

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Imaging techniques such as MRI, X-ray, CT or PET are standard clinical methods to detect and locate malignant tissue. The image quality achieved with most of these methods can be significantly enhanced by using contrast agents. However, current contrast agents are often toxic, non-specific or show other disadvantages. Nanomaterials have the potential to be used as new contrast agents that avoid many of these disadvantages and offer additional possibilities such as sensitivity towards more than one

imaging method (so called multi-modal contrast agents). The fields of nanoscience and bioimaging have been converging over the past several years and in line with this the research questions around the synthesis of new nanomaterial-based contrast agents and their fate in vivo are at the centre of scientific interest and the CNBS.

The development and study of new nanomaterials for bioimaging is one of the key research areas of the Imaging Technologies Group.

CNBS researchers are designing and fabricating new, hybrid contrast agents that combine a number of functionalities including physical properties such as magnetism or photoluminescence and biological functionality, for example targeting moieties1. In the next steps, inorganic nano-architectures will be coated with functional polymers and evaluated in vivo by optical imaging and MRI.

Reference: 1ACS Nano 2014, DOI: 10.1021/nn5058408.

New Hybrid Nanomaterials for Bioimaging

Transmission electron microscopy micrograph of a silica-gold nanoparticle. Reprinted with permission from ‘Monofunctionalization and Dimerization of Nanoparticles Using Coordination Chemistry’, Dewi et al, ACS Nano 2014, DOI: 10.1021/nn5058408. Copyright 2014 American Chemical Society.

In 2014 a number of common goals were identified across the CBNS, in particular complementary expertise in polymer synthesis, responsive polymers, inorganic nanomaterials and imaging science have been brought together to advance programs in nanomaterials for imaging. In 2015 further efforts will be made to work more closely with other programs, in particular Delivery Systems.

1. Proof of concept intracellular MRI probe of ionic strength.

2. Design and initial testing of hybrid polymer-nanoparticle imaging agents.

3. Development of novel vascular positive contract MRI agent.

4. Advance program in tracking of therapeutic stromal cells.

5. Advance the development of macromolecular gadolinium contrast agents as a means of mapping the diffusion of nanomaterials into (and out of) tumours.

6. Continue to probe the advantages that multimodal imaging can provide for understanding nanomaterial behaviour under physiological conditions.

7. Synthesising a luminescent contrast agent for MRI of about 50-100 nm diameter and slightly negative zeta-potential.

Key Goals for 2015

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Research

Research Fellow Dr Zachary Houston using the Siemens Inveon PET-CT. This instrument provides a sensitive means of imaging nanomaterials in biological systems, allowing the study of how synthetic materials behave under physiological conditions using radiotracers to track nanomaterials.

Centre for Advanced Imaging, University of Queensland.

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Bionanotechnology has an important role to play in the development of many portable diagnostic devices. This is because portable devices require minimal sampling handling to be viable and this means highly selective diagnostic devices that can operate directly in biological fluids. Using biological molecules that are the endogenous binding partner of the biomarker of interest is the most successful strategy for achieving this and the basis of biosensors for biomedical diagnostics. The power of biosensors is not only exemplified by the glucose meters that have revolutionised the lives of diabetic patients but also the gene chips that have facilitated the genetic revolution, blood chemistry

analysers for ambulatory care and new technologies for detecting infectious diseases. At the CNBS we are developing protein and cell based diagnostic devices for early warning cancer diagnostics, cardiac arrest and personalised medicine.

Embraced within the CBNS Diagnostics program are strategies for solving the major challenges facing the diagnostics field. The genomics age has allowed the identification of a host of new targets as biomarkers for disease and monitoring treatment efficacy. Many of these biomarkers, such as small sequences of RNA, called microRNA, and circulating cancer cells, are found at ultralow levels. Associated with the challenge of

detecting biomarkers at such low levels are particularly prevalent issues of reliable sampling of the biological sample for analysis and achieving a device that responds in a reasonable time. The goal of the Sensors and Diagnostics Group is to develop technologies for detecting ultralow amounts of analyte that provide robust analytical information in a reasonable response time. Additionally, as many of these biomarkers are blood borne, at the CBNS we are developing technologies that are minimally invasive such that blood can be sampled in a sterile, pain free manner.

Sensors and Diagnostics Diagnosis is the key to both the prevention and treatment of diseases. Traditionally diagnoses are performed in centralised pathology laboratories. Centralised laboratories are still, and will remain, the most robust methodologies in biomedical diagnostics. However, more and more there is a move towards also having diagnostic tools that can be used at home, in community clinics, in the hospital or even during surgery. Decentralised diagnostic devices have enormous potential for early disease diagnosis and the measurement of the efficacy of treatment strategies.


Representation of a microscope based spectrometer for measuring the optical reflectivity from arrays of porous silicon based protease sensors.

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Disease diagnosis with in vitro based diagnostic devices often requires drawing blood from patients, an invasive and often painful procedure. Many disease biomarkers are present in ultralow concentrations in the blood, requiring larger volumes of blood to be taken to enable accurate disease diagnosis. The development of ultra-sensitive, minimally invasive, and user-friendly diagnostic devices will allow more convenient, pain-free diagnosis, and increase the chance of early detection of diseases characterised by low-abundance biomarkers, including infectious diseases and cancer.

NanoPatch™ technology, which is in preclinical development for vaccine delivery, comprises an array of microprojections (~20,000 projections/cm2; between 50-500 µm long) which can be applied to the skin for delivery of dry-coated vaccines to the epi/dermal skin layers that are rich in immune-sensitive cells. This technology is being adapted within the CBNS by the Sensors and Diagnostics Group, as it is ideal for allowing minimally invasive, pain-free sampling from blood.

Researchers are adapting the microneedle array technology for the capture of circulating infectious disease biomarkers without the need to draw blood (dubbed, the “Micropatch”). The Micropatch painlessly pierces the skin to sample fluids (including blood) and to detect protein biomarkers. The patch is then removed from the skin and subjected to immunoassays to characterise the biomarkers. This powerful new strategy has been adopted for the detection of the biomarker HRP2, which is a widely accepted biomarker for the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum1.

The real beauty of this strategy is that the Micropatch provides not only minimally invasive sampling of

blood for biomarkers but, because the patch can be located on the skin for extended periods, it is ideal for sampling rare analytes where normally large volumes of blood would be required. To do this however requires sophisticated surface chemistry to not only allow conjugation of antibodies selective for the target biomarker but also resist ‘fouling’ - nonspecific adsorption of other species in the blood. The CBNS is developing novel antifouling surface chemistries ideal for Micropatch-based diagnostics.

New antifouling coatings based on hyperbranched polyglycerol were developed for diagnostic arrays2. The coatings exhibit a high degree

of effectiveness in reducing both nonspecific adsorption of cells and proteins which makes them ideal for the Micropatch diagnostics technology. We have also developed a class of antifouling molecules, based on zwitterions3, which are as effective as the gold standard antifouling coatings and still allow electrochemistry to proceed at the underlying surface. This unique capability is crucial in turning the Micropatch diagnostics technology into not just a device for sampling the blood but to also perform the analysis simultaneously.

References: 1Anal Chem 2014, 86, 10474; 2ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2014, 6, 15243; 3Electroanalysis 2014, 26, 1471.

Minimally invasive sampling of circulating blood biomarkers

Schematic comparing a conventional blood draw with a needle and syringe to selective biomarker capture using the Micropatch. Micropatches are engineered to penetrate the skin and functionalised to selectively bind target markers (such as HRP2 or antigen specific IgG) from skin fluid with molecular specificity. Reprinted from ‘Early circulating bio-marker detection using a wearable microprojection array skin patch’, Coffey et al, Biomaterials, 34, 9572, Copyright 2013, with permission from Elsevier.

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The development of diagnostic agents that selectively detect a certain class of proteins is extremely important in identifying markers for particular diseases. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a class of enzyme that degrade proteins into smaller fragments. MMPs are important in the body for remodelling and removing tissue, in fighting infections and a number of other vital processes, but they can become disregulated in some diseases. Monitoring the activity of specific MMPs serves as a marker for monitoring inflammation, the presence of some cancer, infections and wound healing.

Researchers in the Sensors and Diagnostics Group are developing new cell chip devices to detect MMPs1. The cell chips use porous silicon photonic crystals, and the porous silicon is made from silicon wafers that are used in the microelectronics industry. The wafer is etched with nanopores, which turn the silicon into a photonic device that reflects well-defined colours. When a sensing device detects a MMP in a biological sample, the photo-sensitive material located within the nanopores gives a visual signal characteristic of a particular disease marker.

This technology is highly compatible with developing arrays of porous silicon, such that many different proteases or many repeated measurements can be performed in a high throughout manner2. Researchers have also developed polymeric materials that exhibit selectivity for different MMPs3. Collaborative research within the CBNS is taking us closer to developing arrays of cell based diagnostics where the response of macrophage cells, attached

to each element of the array, to foreign stimuli, will result in the cells releasing MMPs and causing an optical shift in the underlying porous silicon. Such devices would be a major advance for drug testing, pathogen detection, evaluation of toxicology and personalised medicine.

References: 1Adv Funct Mater 2014, 24, 3639; 2J Mater Chem B 2014, 2, 3582; 3Polym Chem 2014, 5, 2333.

Photonic crystals for cell based diagnostics

Porous silicon photonic crystals.

Different designs of chemically patterned porous silicon surface with covalently attached or physisorbed FITC-BSA, a fluorescently-labelled protein. The background regions were modified with azido-EO3–OCH3, the spot regions were then modified with azido-EO3–OH, then (a) FITC-BSA was covalently attached to the spot regions; (b) FITC-BSA was covalently attached to both the two regions; (c) FITC-BSA was physically adsorbed to the surface; (d) FITC-BSA was covalently attached to the background regions. Reproduced with permission from ‘Chemical patterning on preformed porous silicon photonic crystals: towards multiplex detection of protease activity at precise positions,’ Zhu et al, J Mater Chem B 2014, 2, 3582-3588. Published by The Royal Society of Chemistry.

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2014 saw the beginning of activities in the Sensors and Diagnostic theme of CBNS and the achievements thus far really emphasize the compatible skills of the researchers in the different nodes of CBNS. In 2015 we will be launching further projects that could never happen at a single node as they make the best of the complementary skills across the nodes. These include:

1. Developing the Micropatch diagnostics technology for the collection of rare cells combined with capture andrelease chemistry.

2. Combining the Micropatch for collecting biomarkers circulating that are then analysed using mass spectrometry.

3. Advancing the porous silicon technologies to give arrays of single cell based sensing devices for drug testing and personalised medicine.

4. Developing recessed nanoporous electrodes for continuous monitoring of cardiac biomarkers in vivo.

5. Developing chemically modified gold-coated magnetic nanoparticles as dispersible electrodes for detectingcirculating microRNA as an early cancer diagnostic.

Key Goals for 2015

Chemical patterning on preformed po-rous silicon photonic crystals: towards multiplex detection of protease activity at precise positions. Reproduced with permission from ‘Chemical patterning on preformed porous silicon photonic crystals: towards multiplex detection of protease activity at precise positions’, Zhu et al, J Mater Chem B 2014, 2, 3582-3588. Published by The Royal Society of Chemistry.

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Interactions between nanoscale materials and biological systems such as cells will rarely, if ever, depend on a single molecular feature or cellular pathway. Instead, the response of the biological system will result from activation of many cellular pathways and processes. Mathematical modelling of these biological pathways is the key to understanding all the different interactions of which a cell is capable. Systems Biology is the name given to this approach to studying such biological responses as a network of interconnected molecular pathways, and to

characterizing which properties of nanoscale materials cause these pathways to change or respond.

Developing computational models that relate properties of nanoscale materials to observed biological responses requires large, quantitative data sets. The CBNS has wide ranging capabilities for characterising properties of nanoscale materials and is developing new technologies for measuring the interactions between nanoscale materials and biological systems. Using this Systems Biology approach we hope to

be able to extrapolate beyond the specific data sets generated across CBNS research programs. The computational models we develop will allow us to predict the likely biological impact of novel modifications to nanoscale materials at the cellular and in vivo scales. Predictive models therefore ‘close the loop’ between the measured biological responses of nanoscale materials, and the design of improved materials which more closely realise desired biological outcomes.

Systems Biology and Computational Modelling Currently it is difficult to predict how a biological system will respond when exposed to a particular type of nanoscale material. Conversely, for many applications of nanotechnologies to biological and biomedical problems, it would be highly desirable to be able to design a nanoscale material to have a specific biological response. We are investigating computational approaches for modelling and analysis of data generated by the Centre to attempt to better understand and hence predict how specific properties of nanoscale materials lead to particular biological responses.

What is Systems Biology?

A transcriptional regulatory network in melanoma cells. Reproduced with permission from ‘Cell Cycle Gene Networks Are Associated with Melanoma Prognosis’, Wang et al, 2012, PLoS One, 7; e34247. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0034247.

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A range of Systems Biology projects have been launched, focusing on a number of the core activities of the CBNS. We are constructing computational models of intracellular signalling pathways and other cellular processes in order to investigate how they may be targeted by nanoparticles in order to elicit specific biological responses.

In the body, nanoscale materials rapidly acquire a coating of proteins known as a protein corona. We are using machine learning approaches to try to understand the affinities between proteins and nanoparticles, in order to predict the formation of the corona.

Developing these computational models requires an underlying framework within which to combine data and models. We are developing the theoretical framework required for computational modelling of nano-bio interactions.

Reference: Proc R Soc London, Ser A, 2014, DOI: 10.1098/rspa.2014.0459

Systems Biology Projects in the CBNS

Single cell analysis of high-throughput screening data. Semi-automated segmentation algorithms are used to identify of individual cells during siRNA and chemical compound screening assays, allowing quantitative analysis of cellular growth and changes in morphology.

1. Bond Graph modelling framework: extend our computational framework modelling cellular networks to incorporate electrochemical and mechanical properties of biological processes.

2. Nanoparticle dosimetry: generation of physics-based models to understand nanoparticle uptake in cells in commonly use assays.

3. Pilot studies towards developing high throughput screening approaches for nanoparticle-protein interactions and nanoparticle-cell uptake.

Key Goals for 2015

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The social significance of processes of technological change constitutes one of the core concerns of the humanities and social sciences. Classical Greek thought, for example, was concerned with the distinction between pure knowledge (epistêmê) and the arts (technê), and their expression in mathematics, philosophy, moral reasoning and the practical crafts. More recently, the discipline of sociology developed alongside the social and technological transformations precipitated by processes of mechanisation, industrialisation and urbanisation.

However, throughout the latter half of the twentieth century contemporary social science has struggled to keep pace with the development of new and emerging technologies. As a consequence much of the scholarly literature on the societal dimensions of technological change has been rather narrowly framed, focused on questions of social impacts and risk.

As novel technologies have become the focus of significant public concern and political controversy, the challenge for contemporary social thought is to develop a more holistic engagement with processes of technological innovation – in order to provide nuanced social intelligence on the social meaning and significance of new technologies.

The first significant moves in this direction were initiated in the ‘Ethical, Legal and Social Implications’ (ELSI) programme of the Human Genome Programme. The ELSI platform helped to establish a research programme that incorporated areas such as ethics, sociology and public engagement to explore the wider implications of genetic science.

With subsequent investment areas such as nanotechnology and synthetic biology, researchers have sought to develop productive and collaborative relationships between the physical and natural sciences, the social sciences and humanities.

This renewed enthusiasm for collaborative and interdisciplinary modes of social science engagement has in turn broadened the focus of contemporary scholarship. Moving beyond questions of technological risk and environmental release, this work is increasingly focused on areas such as ethnographic studies of scientific practice, analysis of scientific discourse and metaphors, deliberative public engagement, governance and regulation and theoretical and philosophical reflection on the social and political significance of technological change.

Further reading: Macnaghten et al 2005, Science Communication, doi: 10.1177/1075547005281531

Social Dimensions of Bio-Nano Science and Technology Since its emergence as a coordinated research field in the early 2000s nanotechnology has been the focus of considerable social, political and policy debate. Much of the initial debates concerning nanotechnology focused on issues of environmental release and the potential health risks associated with the development of novel nanomaterials. With more recent work in bio-nanotechnology, synthetic biology and systems chemistry – operating at the interface between the organic and inorganic – attention has turned to a range of profound social and ethical concerns associated with the development of forms of synthetic life. The key challenge in the field of social dimensions research is to build collaborative partnerships with researchers in the social sciences and humanities to ensure that these questions are taken up in ‘real-time’.

Collaborative Bio-Nano Social Science

Research

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A number of social dimension projects have been launched through the CBNS. Core to this area of work are theoretical and philosophical analyses and reflections on metaphors evident in bio-nano research practice. This research has begun to focus particularly on the ways in which distinctions between the ‘real’ and ‘artificial’ are challenged by research at the interface between the organic and inorganic.

CBNS researchers have continued ongoing analyses of processes of governance and regulation, focused particularly on the regulation of nano-particles in Australia, with comparative insights drawn from research in the USA.

Lastly, CBNS social dimensions research has focused on processes of public ‘sensemaking’, and particularly on how members of the general public understand novel

developments in nanotechnology. In this context CBNS researchers are forging a novel ‘narrative approach’ to the analysis of public understandings of nanotechnology, and plan to develop this approach for future public engagement initiatives.

Further Reading: Kearnes et al, 2014, Nanoethics, DOI: 10.1007/s11569-014-0209-7

Social Dimensions Projects in the CBNS

The Lycurgus Cup – an ancient form of nanotechnology. The cup was produced in the 4th century AD and is impregnated by nanoscale silver and gold particles, enabling the cup to change colour when exposed to light. Image used with permission of the British Museum.

1. Complete the first major study into the governance and regulation of nanotechnology in Australia.

2. Develop a platform for integrated and ethnographic analyses of CBNS research, and commence in-depth research engagement.

3. Commence collaborative PhD project in the area of tissue regeneration and therapeutic applications.

4. Collaborate in cross-node work on initiatives on the potential health risks of nano-enabled materials and devices.

5. Develop proposals for CBNS public engagement initiatives.

Key Goals for 2015

Research

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Research

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PhD student Joshua Glass operating the BD LSR Fortessa flow cytometer. Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, the University of Melbourne.


Engagement


The members of the CBNS are great communicators and in just six months since the Centre commenced, the scientists have presented their research around the world at conferences and have given seminars at numerous universities. The CBNS researchers are also dedicated to reaching out beyond the scientific community and have engaged in various media briefings, radio and on-line interviews and contributed to newspaper and magazine articles to promote the CBNS and its research.

The following list of media engagements is from the commencement of the CBNS in mid-2014.

Radio Interviews

CBNS Chief Investigator Dr Angus Johnston with Melbourne University collaborator Dr Georgina Such in the 3RRR studios.

Dr Angus JohnstonEinstein A Go-Go, 3RRR, November

Professor Ben Boyd “Fancy a Milkshake?” ABC Rural, July

L-R) Professor Frank Gannon, Director and CEO QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, CBNS Chief Inves-tigator Professor Mark Kendalland The Minister for Science the Arts and Inno-vation Ian Walker with 4BC Radio Today interviewer Clare Blake.

Professor Mark Kendall“The Brisbane Global Cafe is focusing on improving global health outcomes” 4BC Afternoons, November

Professor Mark Kendall “Potential ‘solution’ on polio vaccination being tested”BBC Radio 4 Today, September

Professor Mark Kendall ABC Sydney, September

Professor Nicolas Voelcker ABC Radio, November

Newspaper, Magazine, Newsletter and On-Line News Articles and InterviewsDr Simon Corrie, Professor Mark Kendall, Mr Jacob Coffey, Mr Kye Robinson, Mr Khai Tuck Lee Media item ‘Microneedle patches retrieve multiple biomarkers from skin’ Chemical and Engineering News, October

Dr Simon Corrie (interviewed)“Detecting Infectious Disease Without Needles, Through Skin Patch” MedicalResearch.com, October

Professor Tom Davis, Ms Gaby Bright Alchemy Magazine Monash University, August

Professor J. Justin Gooding Eureka Award nomination Australia Museum, August

Dr Kristofer Thurecht Research Focus Chemistry in Australia, July

Dr Kristofer Thurecht Focus item on Research in Asia International Innovation, August

Professor Mark Kendall “ARC Future Fellow pioneers needle-free immunisation for the world” ARChway newsletter, October

Professor Mark Kendall “Innovation Challenge winner eyed for the WHO’s polio fight” by Cheryl Jones The Australian, September

Professor Mark Kendall “Innovation winner a patch on polio fight” The Australian, September

Media

Engagement

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Professor Mark Kendall “Instead of syringes, Nanopatches for polio vaccination?”, published in:

- The Times of India, September- Nanotechnology News Today,

September- The Economic Times,

September

Professor Mark Kendall “Nanopatch to help WHO battle polio”, published in:

- Brisbane Courier-Mail, September

- Sydney Morning Herald, September

- Brisbane Times, September- Biotech Daily News, September- UQ news, September

Professor Mark Kendall“Professor Mark Kendall: Team Brisbane” brisbanetimes.com.au, October

Professor Mark Kendall “Nanopatch Vaccine will help WHO fight polio” The Australian Hospital & Healthcare Bulletin, September

Professor Mark Kendall “No need for a needle, the Australian breakthrough for polio vaccine delivery” The Business, ABC News, September

Professor Mark Kendall “OneVentures seeks start-ups for $100m fund”, by Paul Smith Financial Review, October

Professor Mark Kendall “Polio vaccine: Brisbane company Vaxxas teams up with WHO to trial Nanopatch needle-free delivery system”, by Neal Woolrich, ABC News, September. Also reported by:

- OneVentures, September- Forensic and Scientific

Services Information and Research Services, Queensland Government, September

- LifeScientist, October- NewsDocument.com,

September- Vooz News, September

Professor Mark Kendall “Potential ‘solution’ on polio vaccination being tested” BBC News Health, September

Professor Mark Kendall “Professor Mark Kendall, Inventor of the Nanopatch” Highlight of alumni, King’s College Wyvern publication, December

Professor Mark Kendall “Vaxxas Inc. Initiates Research Project On Advancing Next Generation Technology For Polio Vaccine Delivery” BioSpace life Sciences News, September

Professor Mark Kendall “Vaxxas research project aims to advance next-generation technology for polio vaccine” Manufacturing Chemist Pharma, North America, September

Professor Mark Kendall “Vaxxas, WHO explore Nanopatch polio vaccines” LifeScientist, September

Press ReleasesProfessor Ben Boyd “Getting the facts on milk fats” Australian Synchrotron press release, June

Professor Frank Caruso 2014 Victoria Prize Recipient (Video) The University of Melbourne press release, August

Professor Mark Kendall “Nanopatch to help WHO battle polio”

- University of Queensland media release, October

- AIBN media release, September- Vaxxas NEWS and press

release, September

CBNS “New centre set to trigger Australia’s medical technology revolution” Monash University press release, August

CBNS

“New Centre pushing the frontiers of bio-nano research” Australian Government, Australian Research Council media release, August

CBNS “UniSA part of new ARC Centre of Excellence in Bio-Nano Research” University of South Australia media release, August

CBNS “Australian Research Council goes Bio-Nano with $26M/7 yrs” Bionano.com (reporting on the ARC media release), August

Engagement

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Launch of the CBNSThe CBNS was launched on Thursday 28th August 2014. The Centre was officially opened by ARC Chief Executive Officer, Professor Aidan Byrne, on behalf of the Minister for Education, the Hon. Christopher Pyne MP. Guests from across Australia helped us to celebrate this momentous occasion and we were honoured to have speeches by Professor Peter Doherty AC (Chair, CBNS Board of Directors) and Professor Ed Byrne (Vice Chancellor and President, Monash University).

Events

Professor Aidan Byrne (CEO, ARC) opens the CBNS

Professor Ed Byrne (Vice Chancellor and President, Monash University) speaking at the CBNS Launch

Chief Investigator Professor Maria Kavallaris speaking at the CBNS launch

“Bio-nano science is a relatively new field, but one with extraordinary potential. Nano scale entities with dimensions thousands of times smaller than the width of a human hair are the essence of all living systems. If we are to better understand, treat and diagnose diseases we need technologies with nanoscale precision.” – Tom Davis

“We have the opportunity to trigger a biotech and medical technology revolution in Australia. By bringing together some of the country’s leading researchers and combining this with cutting edge technology, the Centre will help turn this vision into a reality.” – Tom Davis

delivery via targeted nanoparticles for cancer (Nature 2010, 464, 1067).

The Visiting Professor Program involves inviting an outstanding international Professor to Australia for a significant time period and organising a lecture tour to major cities to help promote the potential of nanotechnology in medicine. In 2015 the CBNS Visiting Professor will be Leaf Huang from the University of North Carolina.

Engagement

Visiting Professor – Mark DavisProfessor Mark Davis from the California Institute of Technology was in Australia in July as the 2014 Visiting Professor of the CBNS and the Australian Centre for Nanomedicine (ACN). Professor Davis is actively involved in the creation, development and translation of nanoparticle delivery systems for gene silencing and drug delivery in humans. He is the senior author of a Nature paper describing the first example of RNA interference in humans as part of a first-in-human clinical trial of siRNA

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5th International NanoMedicine ConferenceThe 5th International NanoMedicine Conference, hosted by the ACN and the Australian Society for NanoMedicine (ASNM), took place at the Crowne Plaza on Sydney’s beautiful Coogee beachside. This is a key meeting in the nanotechnology calendar and was attended by many members of the CBNS from all of our nodes.

Engagement

Chief Investigator Professor Matthew Kearnes delivers a seminar on public responses to nanotechnology: moving upstream.

Drs Kristian Kempe, Jinming Hu and Daniel Li.

PhD student Mr Lachlan Carter discussing his poster during the poster session.

Chief Investigators Professors Maria Kavallaris and Justin Gooding (conference co-chairs), who are also co-Directors of the ACN, welcome delegates to the conference.

Twelve CBNS Chief Investigators presented at the conference, including a plenary presentation from Professor Andrew Whittaker on molecular imaging agents responsive to biological signals. A number of the Centre’s post-doctoral researchers and students presented their latest results at the conference, and congratulations go to PhD students Swahannya de Almeida, Stephen Parker and Joann Teo for receiving oral presentation prizes.

Photos courtesy of the Australian Centre for NanoMedicine

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Nanotechnology and Medicines for TomorrowOn 20th November 2014, many of our Centre researchers participated in the one day symposium Nanotechnology and Medicines for Tomorrow, presented by Biomedical Research Victoria and Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences.

An enthralling Plenary presentation on nanomaterials for biomedical applications was given by CBNS Partner Investigator Professor Molly Stephens from Imperial College London. Partner Investigator Professor Sébastien Perrier from the University of Warwick also presented as an invited speaker.

CBNS Chief Investigators Rob Parton, Frank Caruso, Tom Davis and Nigel Bunnett were Keynote speakers and Chris Porter and Angus Johnston were invited speakers. A number of CBNS students presented posters. Congratulations to PhD student Lars Esser for receiving the Poster Prize!!

Engagement

Chief Investigator Professor Chris Porter

CBNS Partner Investigator Professor Molly Stevens, Imperial College London, delivers a Plenary presentation at Nanotechnology and Medicines for Tomorrow.

Chief Investigator Professor Nigel BunnettChief Investigator Professor Rob Parton

Professor Sébastien Perrier, Warwick University (CBNS Partner Organisation).

Photos courtesy of Biomedical Research Victoria

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Engagement

Victorian Polymer Technologies WorkshopThe CBNS was delighted to sponsor the first annual Victorian Polymer Technologies workshop, held over two days in July at MIPS, which showcased world-class Victorian polymer research. CBNS Senior Research Fellow Dr Michael Whittaker is the president of the Victorian Polymer Group of the Royal Australian Chemical Institute (RACI) and chaired the event, which was co-hosted by the CRC for Polymers, Davies Collison Cave, the Victorian Centre for Sustainable Chemical Manufacturing and MIPS.

The program attracted 140 registrants and featured a symposium and panel discussion chaired by Dr Ramon Tozer (DCC) entitled ‘The future of polymer R&D in Australia – is it business as usual or are times a-changing?’. Panel members (pictured above left) included Leonie Walsh (President, Australasian Industrial Research Group and Victorian Government Lead Scientist), Dr Ian Dagley (CEO, CRC for Polymers), Dr Chris Such (New Technology Manager, Dulux Australia), Dr Noel Dunlop (COO, Victorian Centre for Sustainable Chemical Manufacturing) and Professor Greg Qiao (University of Melbourne). CBNS Research Fellow Dr Daniel Li was the recipient of the best poster prize.

PhD student Felicity Kao (right) discussing results of cytotoxicity assays with other researchers.Children’s Cancer Institute and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, University of New South Wales.

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The ARC Centres of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Nanoscale BioPhotonics and Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, hosted a two day ‘science communication’ workshop in December. Thirty early career researchers (ECRs) from eight different universities within the three Centres attended the workshop, held at the Ian Potter Foundation Technology Learning Centre in Canberra.The workshop was run by Questacon, a major partner in Australia in the field of science communication, helping organisations to engage with school children and to communicate science to the general community. The workshop covered a range of topics, including working with educators, ethics in communication and using social media to communicate directly with the public.

Indigenous Tutorial Assistance Scheme at the University of Queensland

Postdoctoral Research Officer Dr Frances Pearson (AIBN, University of Queensland) has taken part in the Indigenous Tutorial Assistance Scheme (ITAS) provided by the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies Unit at the University of Queensland. ITAS is an academic initiative, managed by the Commonwealth Department of Prime Minister and Cabinet, which aims to improve educational outcomes for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander students. Under this scheme, Indigenous students receive supplementary academic tutoring, either one-to-one or in small group tutorials, in subject-specific areas from a qualified tutor. Dr Pearson tutored a student twice a week in neuroscience and physiology subjects during 2014, and will tutor another student in Advanced Immunology in the 2015.

Outreach and EducationQuestacon Science Communication Workshop

“The workshop was very interesting, and provided many valuable suggestions and practices in how to present research to media, a general audience or children” – Lars Esser, PhD student, Monash University

Engagement



Melbourne Knowledge Week – Public Lecture

In October 2014 Chief Investigator Professor Edmund Crampin presented a public lecture entitled “Systems Biology: New research into understanding human disease”, outlining how systems biology research provides new insights into the mechanisms of disease and paves the way for new diagnostic and targeted therapies.The lecture was presented at the University of Melbourne as part of Melbourne Knowledge Week, presented by the city of Melbourne. Melbourne Knowledge Week is an initiative of Knowledge Melbourne, designed to support and celebrate Melbourne as one of the leading knowledge cities in the world and to showcase Melbourne’s expertise in various innovation industries.

Speed Dating a Scientist

In August 2014 Chief Investigator Dr Simon Corrie participated in an event hosted by the University of Queensland and the Queensland State Government: Speed dating a scientist. This event provided an important opportunity for school teachers to learn about the research being conducted at the University of Queensland and to discuss science teaching with the members of the university faculty.

School Students at NanoMed

During the 2014 International NanoMedicine Conference, the CBNS had an outreach visit from high school students from local Moriah College. The students took time out from their mid-year break to have their first experience of a scientific conference. The group was most impressed by the talk of CBNS Chief Investigator Stephen Kent on vaccines as this was a topic they were currently studying in the HSC. The high School students also judged the 3 minute talks given by research students as part of the poster prize competition. Shown in the photo is conference Chair Justin Gooding with the six students and their teacher in front of a poster from the American Chemical Society journal, Bioconjugate Chemistry, that sponsored the poster prize.

Engagement

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Dr Bahman Delalat evaluating the outcome of a microarray experiment. University of South Australia.

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GovernanceCBNS Chief Investigators at the first Research Planning Day, June 2014. (L-R: Stephen Kent, Kristofer Thurecht, Angus Johnston, Tom Davis, Mark Kendall, Frank Caruso, Matthew Kearnes, Chris Porter, Nico Voelcker, Maria Kavallaris, Rob Parton, Thomas Nann, Simon Corrie, Edmund Crampin, Nigel Bunnett, Andrew Whittaker, Ben Boyd. Absent: Justin Gooding, Pall Thordarson.)

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Professor Doherty shared the 1996 Nobel Medicine Prize for discovering the nature of the cellular immune defense. Based at the University of Melbourne and also spending part of his year at St Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, he continues to be involved in research directed at understanding and preventing the

Professor Drummond is currently Deputy Vice-Chancellor Research and Innovation and a Vice President at RMIT University, playing a leadership role in the development of discovery and practice-based research and in building and enhancing capability in research and innovation across the University. He is also an active research professor and has published over 200 papers and patents in the area of advanced materials, including biomedical and energy storage applications.

severe consequences of influenza virus infection. In addition, he goes in to bat for evidence-based reality, relating to areas as diverse as childhood vaccination, global hunger and anthropogenic climate change. In an effort to communicate more broadly, he has published 4 “lay” books, and has another in progress.

Professor Drummond joined RMIT University in 2014 from CSIRO where he was Group Executive for Manufacturing, Materials and Minerals comprising 1300 researchers and research support staff. Earlier he was seconded from CSIRO to be the inaugural Vice President Research at CAP-XX, an Intel portfolio company that developed supercapacitors for consumer electronic products.

Board of Directors

Governance

The CBNS Board of Directors has an independent advisory role to the Centre Director, Executive and Management Committee. The Board provide guidance on strategy and stakeholder engagement as well as monitoring progress towards the delivery of key performance indicators and other objectives.

Professor Peter C Doherty AC FAA FRSChair

Professor Calum J Drummond PhD FTSE FAICD FRACI FRSC CChem

Professor Haber joined the Children’s Cancer Institute as a staff scientist in 1984. She was appointed Director of the Institute in June 2000 and Executive Director in June 2003. Professor Haber is known for her world-class research into the treatment of neuroblastoma and acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in children. Professor Haber holds a conjoint appointment as Professor in the Faculty of Medicine at the University of New South Wales. She has served as President (2010-2012) and currently serves on the Steering Committee of the International Advances

in Neuroblastoma Research Association.In 2007 Professor Haber was appointed a Member of the Order of Australia for services to science in the field of research into childhood cancer, to scientific education and to the community. In 2008, she was awarded an Honorary Doctorate from the University of New South Wales for her eminent service to the cancer research community. More recently, in 2014, Professor Haber was awarded the Cancer Institute NSW’s Premier’s Award for Outstanding Cancer Researcher of the Year.

Professor Michelle Haber AM BSc (Psych) (Hons) PhD Hon DSc (UNSW)

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Ms O’Keefe was appointed as Chief Executive Officer of the Australian College of Optometry in March 2013, an organisation providing public health eye care, tertiary clinical teaching and education, and research to preserve sight and prevent blindness. She spent the previous seven years as Chief Operating Officer at the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research and prior to that held several senior executive roles at the University of Melbourne. Ms O’Keefe is a graduate of the Australian Institute of Company Directors, the Williamson Community Leadership Program and an Executive Education

Dr Tong is currently the CEO of the Cancer Therapeutics Cooperative Research Centre headquartered in Melbourne. In 2013 he led the CRC through a successful extension application receiving another six years of funding until 2020. Formerly a director of Primecare Medical Ltd (NZ) and MedInnovate Ltd (UK) he is currently a member of the Advisory Board for Cortex Health. He has spent more than 20 years in executive management in drug development and commercial roles in both the major pharmaceutical and biotech industry.

Program at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge. Ms O’Keefe has spent her career in higher education, research and health organisations and has more than fifteen years’ experience in senior executive roles. She is a Board member of Vision2020 Australia, the Victorian Department of Health’s Clinical Trial Research Ministerial Consultative Council and the BioMelbourne Network. Previously, Ms O’Keefe was a member of the Council of the Victorian Cancer Agency for 6 years, a Ministerial appointment, including two years as a member of the VCA Clinical Trials Working Group.

After graduating as Senior Scholar in Medicine from Auckland University and working in General Practice Dr Tong joined Glaxo in NZ as Medical Director and subsequently worked in Singapore and London, in regional and global business development and commercial roles for Glaxo. Prior to coming to Melbourne Warwick spent five years in Boston as SVP, Development, for Surface Logix Inc.

Ms Maureen O’Keefe BSc (Hons) DipEd MBA GAICD WCLP

Dr Warwick Tong BSc MB ChB MPP GAICD

Professor Wallace is currently the Executive Research Director at the ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science and Director of the Intelligent Polymer Research Institute. He is Director of the ANFF Materials node. He previously held an ARC Federation Fellowship and currently holds an ARC Laureate Fellowship.Professor Wallace is an elected Fellow at the Australian Academy of Science, the Australian Academy of Technological Sciences and Engineering, the Institute of Physics (UK) and the Royal Australian Chemical Institute. In addition to

being named NSW Scientist of the Year in the chemistry category in 2008, he was also appointed to the Korean World Class University System, and received the Royal Australian Chemical Institute HG Smith Prize.In 2004, Professor Wallace received the Royal Australian Chemical Institute Stokes Medal for research in Electrochemistry, after being awarded an ETS Walton Fellowship by Science Foundation Ireland in 2003. The Royal Australian Chemical Institute awarded him the Inaugural Polymer Science and Technology Award in 1992.

Professor Gordon Wallace FAA FTSE FIOP FRACI

Governance

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Internationally renowned for the co-creation of the technology for the cervical cancer vaccines, Professor Frazer began his career as a renal physician and clinical immunologist in Edinburgh, Scotland before emigrating in 1981 to Melbourne, Australia. He continued his clinical training and pursued studies in viral immunology and autoimmunity at the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research with Professor Ian Mackay. In 1985, Professor Frazer accepted a teaching post with The University of Queensland and was appointed Director of The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute in 1991. In early 2011, Professor Frazer commenced as CEO of the Translational

Dr French was appointed CEO of Benitec Biopharma Limited in June 2010 and accepted an invitation to join the Board as Managing Director in August 2013. He is an Adjunct Senior Lecturer at UNSW and an Honorary Fellow at Macquarie University. Dr French is a Past President of the Australia and New Zealand Society for Cell and Developmental Biology and served as a member of the Board of the International Society of Differentiation from 1998-2014. Dr French is a cell and molecular biologist who has extensive experience in both basic and

Research Institute. He retains an active research program at the Institute in immune responses to cancer and cancer immunotherapy. Professor Frazer was awarded the 2005 CSIRO Eureka Prize for Leadership in Science and was selected as Queenslander of the Year, and Australian of the Year in 2006. He was also awarded the 2008 Prime Minister’s Prize for Science, the 2008 Balzan Prize for Preventive Medicine, the 2009 Honda Prize and in 2011, was elected as a Fellow of the esteemed Royal Society of London. In 2012, Professor Frazer was appointed a Companion of the Order of Australia (AC) in the Queen’s Birthday Honours.

clinical medical research and biotechnology. His research areas of expertise include cell biology, immunology, infectious disease, neurobiology and oncology. He was awarded a PhD for elucidating the molecular composition of keratin proteins in the developing hair follicle. Following a postdoctoral position studying neuronal development he was appointed Principal Scientific Officer in the Centre for Immunology, St Vincent’s Hospital Sydney. Whilst at St Vincent’s, he completed a MBA in Technology Management.

Scientific Advisory BoardThe Scientific Advisory Board has an independent mentoring and advisory role to the Scientific Management Group, providing strategic insight and commercial direction to the Centre. The SAB will play a key role in guiding the Centre on the development of the strategic and commercialisation plans. In addition to the core members of the SAB, there will be rotating international members.

Professor Ian Frazer AC Chair

Dr Peter French BSc MSc MBA PhD FRSM

Governance

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Dr Leanna Read is the Chief Scientist for South Australia and chairs the South Australian Science Council. She is a renowned biotechnology expert and brings a wealth of executive, board and investment experience in technology-based businesses. In addition to her role as Chief Scientist, Leanna chairs the Cooperative Research Centre for Cell Therapy Manufacturing and is a member of the SA Economic Development Board and the Council for the University of South

Dr Owen is the Vice President of Research at Starpharma and has extensive experience in medicinal chemistry and biochemistry, and in managing teams focused on commercially directed drug discovery. He has held several positions in the biotech industry including Mimotopes, Cerylid and Glykoz and gathered extensive international experience in biotechnology and pharmaceutical research and development. Since

Australia. Prior roles included CEO of the Cooperative Research Centre for Tissue Growth and Repair and the founding managing director of Adelaide biotechnology company, TGR BioSciences Pty Ltd. She has received a number of awards, including an Honorary Doctorate from the University of South Australia, the 2006 South Australian of the Year (Science and Technology) and the 2011 Central Region winner of the Ernst & Young Entrepreneur of the Year in the Technology Category.

joining Starpharma Dr Owen has driven the drug delivery programs by developing and executing a number of successful proof-of-concept studies. The results from these studies have led to a number of commercial partnerships such as Stiefel a GSK company, Lilly and AstraZeneca, as well as driving Starpharma’s own internal drug delivery program focused on an improved dendrimer-docetaxel formulation.

Dr Leanna Read FTSE FAICD

Dr David Owen BSc (Hons) PhD

Red Dot and the GOOD Design Awards. He built AgaMatrix from a two-person start-up to shipping 15+ FDA-cleared medical device products, 3B+ biosensors, 3M+ glucose meters for diabetics, with partnerships with Apple, Sanofi, and Walgreens. Dr Iyengar holds over 20 US and international patents and received his PhD from Cambridge University as a Marshall Scholar.

Dr Iyengar is a founder and director of Misfit Wearables, makers of highly wearable computing products, including the award-winning Shine, an elegant activity monitor. Dr Iyengar also founded and served as CTO of AgaMatrix, a blood glucose monitoring company that made the world’s first hardware medical device to connect directly to the iPhone, winning both the

Dr Sridhar Iyengar PhD

Governance

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Board of DirectorsChaired by

Professor Peter Doherty AC FAA FRS

Scientific Advisory BoardChaired by

Professor Ian Frazer AC

Executive Director, Deputy Director,

Manager

DirectorProfessor Tom Davis

Deputy DirectorProfessor Frank Caruso

Scientific Management Group

Delivery Systems Vaccines Imaging Technologies Sensors & Diagnostics




Board of DirectorsChaired by

Professor Peter Doherty AC FAA FRS

Scientific Advisory BoardChaired by

Professor Ian Frazer AC

Executive Director, Deputy Director,

Manager

DirectorProfessor Tom Davis

Deputy DirectorProfessor Frank Caruso

Scientific Management Group

Delivery Systems Vaccines Imaging Technologies Sensors & Diagnostics



Governance

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PerformanceResearch Fellow Dr Orazio Vittorio studying the effects of nanoparticles on cells. Children’s Cancer Institute and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, University of New South Wales.

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Awards, Honours and MembershipsCBNS StaffProfessor Frank CarusoThomson Reuters 2014 list of Highly Cited Researchers

Professor Frank CarusoVictoria Prize for Science & Innovation – Physical Sciences

Dr Anna Cifuentes-RiusThe Australian Nanotechnology Network Travel Award

Dr Anna Cifuentes-RiusUniversity of South Australia Early Career Research Networking AwardInternational Travel Award

Dr Anna Cifuentes-RiusExtraordinary Doctoral Award of the Ramon Llull University, Spain

Professor Tom Davis ARC Australian Laureate Fellowship

Professor J. Justin GoodingElected Fellow of the Royal Society of New South Wales

Professor J. Justin GoodingHonorary Guest Professor, University of Jinan, China

Professor J. Justin GoodingThomson Reuters 2014 list of Highly Cited Researchers

Dr Bakul GuptaPoster presentation prize, South Eastern Area Laboratory Services Research Symposium

Dr Ethan HowePoster presentation prize, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre Symposia, UNSW

Professor Maria KavallarisAwarded Life Membership to the Australian Society for Medical Research for exceptional service and promotion of health and medical research

Professor Maria KavallarisInaugural President, Australian Society for Nanomedicine

Professor Maria Kavallaris NHMRC list of High Achievers in Health and Medical Research

Dr Matthew Kearnes2014 Water Reuse International Award, as co-leader of a project on the social dimensions of water recycling

Professor Mark KendallInaugural Science and Innovation Champion, Queensland Government

Professor Mark KendallInnovation Champions Award, Queensland Government

Professor Mark KendallListed in Top 100 Australia’s Most Influential Engineers, Engineers Australia Magazine

Professor Mark Kendall2015 Technology Pioneer, World Economic Forum, Davos (Awarded in September 2014)

Dr Daniel LiPoster Prize, Victorian Polymer Technologies Workshop

Professor Chris PorterFellow of the American Association of Pharmaceutical Scientists

Dr Alexander SoeriyadiNHMRC Peter Doherty Early Career Fellowship

Professor Nicolas VoelckerChairs of Excellence Visiting Professorship, University Rovira I Virgili, Spain

Professor Nicolas VoelckerFellow of the Royal Society of Chemistry

Professor Andrew WhittakerAppointed Visiting Professor, Hubei University, China

Professor Andrew WhittakerNational High-End Foreign Experts Recruitment Project, Awarded by the State Administration of Foreign Experts Affairs, People’s Republic of China

Professor Andrew WhittakerPaul J. Florey Polymer Research Prize for Excellence in Polymer Research, Polychar World Forum

Professor Andrew Whittaker

President’s International Fellowship (Visiting Scientist), Chinese Academy of Sciences

Performance

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CBNS StudentsMr Nicholas AlcarazATA Scientific Travel Award for best abstract at the Australian Chapter of the Controlled Release Society Workshop, Adelaide. Travel bursary to present at the Controlled Release Society Annual Meeting Edinburgh UK

Ms Swahannya de AlmeidaOral presentation prize, 5th International NanoMedicine Conference

Mr Mattias BjornmalmClive Pratt Scholarship for travel, The University of Melbourne

Mr Lars EsserPoster Prize, Nanotechnology and Medicines for Tomorrow Symposium, Melbourne Australia

Mr Christopher FifeRecipient of UNSW PRSS Conference Travel Fund to present at AACR Annual Meeting, San Diego USA

Ms Sylvia GunanwanClive Pratt Scholarship for travel, The University of Melbourne

Ms Sylvia GunanwanOverseas Research Experience Scholarship, The University of Melbourne

Mr Sifei HanAAPS Graduate Student Research Award in Physical Pharmacy and Biopharmaceutics, American Association of Pharmaceutical Scientists Annual Meeting, San Diego USA

Mr Sifei HanPostgraduate Student Poster Prize, Federation Internationale Pharmaceutique, Pharmaceutical Science World Congress, Melbourne

Mr Alistair LaosPoster presentation prize, 18th International Union of Pure and Applied Biophysics International Biophysics Congress

Mr Walter MuskovicSigma-Aldrich Best 1st Year PhD Presentation, Children’s Cancer Institute Mini Symposium

Ms Amelia ParkerRecipient of UNSW PRSS Conference Travel Fund to present at AACR Annual Meeting, San Diego USA

Ms Amelia ParkerLonza Award for Best Overall Presentation, Children’s Cancer Institute Mini Symposium

Mr Stephen ParkerOral presentation prize, 5th International NanoMedicine Conference

Ms Maryam ParvezPoster presentation prize, UNSW Nanomaterial and Electrochemistry Symposium

Mr Kye RobinsonAustralian Postgraduate Award

Ms Gemma RyanOutstanding Postgraduate Student Oral Presentation, Federation Internationale Pharmaceutique, Pharmaceutical Science World Congress, Melbourne

Ms Joann TeoAwarded Best Oral Presentation at the Australasian Pancreatic Club Meeting

Ms Joann TeoOral presentation prize, 5th International NanoMedicine Conference

Ms Kristel TjandraPoster presentation prize, 35th Royal Australian Chemical Institute NSW Organic Group Annual One Day Symposium

Performance

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PresentationsThe following list of presentations is from the commencement of the CBNS in mid-2014.

Performance

Plenary PresentationsProfessor Edmund CrampinBioInfoSummer, Australian Mathematical Sciences InstituteMelbourne Australia, December

Professor J. Justin Gooding2nd International Conference on Bioinspired and Biobased Chemistry and MaterialsNice France, October

Professor J. Justin GoodingTaishan Academic Forum on Graphene Nanomaterials and BiomedicineQingdao China, October

Professor Rob Parton2014 Australian Physiological Society MeetingBrisbane Australia, November

Professor Chris PorterLiposome Research Days 2014Copenhagen Denmark, August

Dr Kristofer ThurechtBruker-Singapore Bioimaging Consortium WorkshopSingapore, October

Professor Andrew Whittaker5th International NanoMedicine ConferenceSydney Australia, July

Invited Talks – Conferences and SymposiaProfessor Ben Boyd41st Annual Conference and Exposition of Controlled Release SocietyChicago USA, July

Professor Ben BoydAAPS Annual Meeting and ExpositionSan Diego USA, November

Professor Ben Boyd

Bicontinuous Cubic Phases ConferencesNoosa Australia, August

Professor Ben Boyd5th International NanoMedicine ConferenceSydney Australia, July

Professor Nigel BunnettASCEPT-MPGPCR Joint Scientific MeetingMelbourne Australia, December

Professor Nigel BunnettCentre for Neuroscience Collaborators DayAdelaide Australia, September

Professor Nigel BunnettVII Falk Gastro-ConferenceFreiburg Germany, October

Professor Nigel BunnettUniversity of Sydney Pharmacy Student SymposiumSydney Australia, August

Professor Frank CarusoPioneer NanoSeoul Forum ConferenceSeoul South Korea, October

Professor Frank Caruso10th SPSJ International Polymer ConferenceTsukuba Japan, December

Dr Simon Corrie5th International NanoMedicine ConferenceSydney Australia, July

Professor Tom Davis3rd Symposium on Innovative Polymers for Controlled DeliverySuzhou China, September

Professor J. Justin Gooding5th Tissue Engineering SymposiumSydney Australia, August

Professor J. Justin GoodingKeynote Speaker, NanoBio Australia 2014Brisbane Australia, July

Dr Angus Johnston5th International NanoMedicine ConferenceSydney Australia, July

56


Dr Angus JohnstonNanotechnology and Medicines for Tomorrow SymposiumMelbourne Australia, November

Professor Maria KavallarisKeynote Speaker, American Association for Pharmaceutical Sciences (AAPS) WorkshopShanghai China, April

Professor Maria KavallarisAustralian Health & Medical Research CongressMelbourne Australia, November

Professor Maria KavallarisSydney Cancer ConferenceSydney Australia, November

Dr Matthew Kearnes5th International NanoMedicine ConferenceSydney Australia, July

Dr Matthew KearnesLeverhulme Network MeetingLondon UK, September

Dr Matthew KearnesSociety for the Social Studies of Science Annual MeetingBuenos Aires Argentina, September

Professor Mark Kendall41st Annual Conference and Exposition of Controlled Release SocietyChicago USA, July

Professor Mark Kendall5th International NanoMedicine ConferenceSydney Australia, July

Professor Mark KendallPanel speaker at Life Sciences Queensland TRX14 ConferenceBrisbane Australia, October

Professor Mark KendallTranslational Research Excellence ConferenceBrisbane Australia, October

Professor Stephen Kent5th International NanoMedicine ConferenceSydney Australia, July

Dr Joshua McCarroll5th International NanoMedicine ConferenceSydney Australia, July

Ms Goergina MillerSociety for the Social Studies of Science Annual MeetingBuenos Aires Argentina, September

Professor Thomas Nann5th International NanoMedicine ConferenceSydney Australia, July

Professor Rob PartonCombio Combined Biological Sciences MeetingCanberra Australia, September

Professor Rob Parton7th Garvan Signalling MeetingSydney Australia, October

Professor Rob Parton2014 International Biophysics ConferenceBrisbane Australia, August

Professor Rob Parton5th International NanoMedicine ConferenceSydney Australia, July

Professor Rob PartonNanotechnology and Medicines for Tomorrow SymposiumMelbourne Australia, November

Professor Chris PorterAAPS Annual Meeting and ExpositionSan Diego USA, November

Professor Chris PorterFIP International Symposium on BA BE of Oral Drug ProductsSeoul Korea, October

Professor Chris Porter5th International NanoMedicine ConferenceSydney Australia, July

Professor Chris PorterNanotechnology and Medicines for Tomorrow SymposiumMelbourne Australia, November

Assoc. Professor Pall Thordarson1st SJTU-UNSW Joint Symposium on Advanced Synthesis and Material ChemistryShanghai China, November

Dr Kristofer Thurecht5th International NanoMedicine ConferenceSydney Australia, July

Dr Kristofer ThurechtRACI National CongressAdelaide Australia, December

Dr Orazio Vittorio5th International NanoMedicine ConferenceSydney Australia, July

Professor Nicolas Voelcker248th ACS National Meeting and ExpositionSan Francisco USA, August

Performance

57


Professor Nicolas Voelcker5th International NanoMedicine ConferenceSydney Australia, July

Professor Nicolas VoelckerNIMS ConferenceTsukuba Japan, July

Professor Nicolas Voelcker5th Tissue Engineering SymposiumSydney Australia, August

Professor Andrew WhittakerCAS-CSIRO joint conference on Advanced MaterialsBrisbane Australia, July

Invited Talks – Universities and SocietiesProfessor Ben BoydControlled Release Society Nordic Local Chapter MeetingHelsinki Finland, August

Professor Ben BoydImperial College London SeminarLondon UK, September

Professor Ben BoydUniversity of Alberta Seminar SeriesAlberta USA, July

Professor Ben BoydUniversity of California San Francisco SeminarSan Francisco USA, October

Professor Ben BoydUniversity of Michigan SeminarMichigan USA, July

Professor Ben BoydUniversity of Warwick SeminarCoventry UK, September

Professor Edmund CrampinPublic Lecture, Melbourne Knowledge Week, University of MelbourneMelbourne Australia, November

Professor Edmund CrampinMelbourne University Mathematics Society, School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of MelbourneMelbourne Australia, October

Professor Tom DavisPrince of Wales Clinical School Seminar, University of New South WalesSydney Australia, October

Professor Tom DavisSoochow University SeminarJiangsu China, August

Professor Tom DavisUniversity of Science and Technology of China Lecture Series SeminarHefei China, August

Professor Tom DavisTongji University Lecture Series SeminarShanghai China, August

Professor J. Justin GoodingSchool of Chemical Engineering Seminar, University of AdelaideAdelaide Australia, August

Professor J. Justin GoodingRACI, NSW Education Branch Seminar, University of SydneySydney Australia, July

Professor J. Justin GoodingCentenary Institute Seminar, University of SydneySydney Australia, September

Professor J. Justin GoodingJinan University SeminarGuangzhou China, October

Professor Maria KavallarisMonash Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences Lecture Series SeminarMelbourne Australia, August

Professor Maria KavallarisPeter MacCallum Cancer Institute Lecture Series SeminarMelbourne Australia, July

Professor Maria KavallarisResearch Leaders Lecture Series Seminar, Garvan Institute for Medical ResearchSydney Australia, December

Professor Mark Kendall2014 G20 Brisbane Summit invited speakerBrisbane Australia, November

Professor Rob PartonCharles Perkins Centre, The University of SydneySydney Australia, September

Professor Chris PorterThe Academy of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, JapanTokyo Japan, October

Assoc. Professor Pall ThordarsonUniversity of Adelaide SeminarAdelaide Australia, September

Performance

58


Assoc. Professor Pall ThordarsonUniversity of Sydney SeminarSydney Australia, October

Professor Nicolas VoelckerAustralian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology Seminar, University of QueenslandBrisbane Australia, November

Professor Nicolas VoelckerCentre for Cancer Biology Seminar, University of South AustraliaAdelaide Australia, August

Professor Nicolas VoelckerCell Therapy Manufacturing CRC, Impact Day SeminarAdelaide Australia, October

Professor Nicolas Voelcker2014 Joint Australian-New Zealand Control Release Society Student Workshop SeminarAdelaide Australia, October

Professor Nicolas VoelckerURV Distinguished Visiting Researchers Programme SeminarUniversity Rovira I VirgiliTarragon Spain, September

Professor Andrew Whittaker Chinese Academy of Sciences University SeminarBeijing China, October

Professor Andrew WhittakerDow Shanghai Center SeminarShanghai China, October

Professor Andrew WhittakerFudan University SeminarShanghai China, October

Professor Andrew WhittakerHubei University SeminarsWuhan, China, September-October

Professor Andrew WhittakerShanghai University SeminarShanghai China, October

Professor Andrew WhittakerTsinghua University SeminarBeijing China, October

Professor Andrew WhittakerWuhan Institute of Technology SeminarWuhan China, September

Other Oral PresentationsProfessor Ben BoydD4 - Devices for Diagnostics and Drug Delivery ConferenceDunedin New Zealand, November

Dr Miriam Brandl5th International NanoMedicine ConferenceSydney Australia, July

Professor Nigel BunnettNanotechnology and Medicines for Tomorrow SymposiumMelbourne Australia, November

Ms Xi Chen RACI2014 ConferenceAdelaide Australia

Mr Jacob Coffey NanoBio Australia ConferenceBrisbane Australia, July

Dr Simon Corrie NanoBio Australia ConferenceBrisbane Australia, July

Professor Tom DavisNanotechnology and Medicines for TomorrowMelbourne Australia, November

Dr Alexandra DepelsenaireNanoBio Australia ConferenceBrisbane Australia, July

Mr Lars EsserNanotechnology and Medicines for TomorrowMelbourne Australia, November

Dr Bakul Gupta5th International NanoMedicine ConferenceSydney Australia, July

Dr Angus JohnstonMacro2014Chiang Mai Thailand, July

Professor Mark KendallAusBiotechGold Coast Australia, October

Professor Mark KendallPeter Doherty Awards Ceremony, Science Education Guest SpeakerBrisbane Australia, November

Professor Mark KendallG20 Summit Global Café panel, interview and presentationBrisbane Australia, November

Professor Mark KendallNanoBio Australia ConferenceBrisbane Australia, July

Professor Mark KendallUQ-DOW Innovation Day, UQ/Global Exchange InstituteBrisbane Australia, July

Performance

59


Dr Adam Martin5th International NanoMedicine Conference Sydney Australia, July

Dr Sharon Sagnella5th International NanoMedicine ConferenceSydney Australia, July

Dr Kristofer ThurechtWorld Molecular Imaging Conference Seoul South Korea, October

Dr Kristofer ThurechtYoung Scientist Exchange Program – China-Australia ResearchPeking University, Hubei University, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Shanghai University, Fudan University, China, November-December

Assoc. Professor Pall Thordarson2014 RACI National Congress – Supramolecular SymposiaAdelaide Australia, December

Professor Andrew WhittakerNanoBio Australia Conference Brisbane Australia, July

‘Briefings – Government and Industry’Dr Simon CorrieThought Leaders Dinner - briefing to industryAustralian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of QueenslandBrisbane Australia, October

Professor Tom DavisBriefing to Victorian Chief ScientistMelbourne Australia, May*

Professor Maria KavallarisTherapeutic Goods AdministrationCanberra Australia, March*

Professor Chris PorterBend Oregon Industry Briefing Bend USA, November

Professor Nicolas VoelckerBriefing to industrySouth Australian Health and Medical Research InstituteAdelaide Australia, December

Professor Andrew WhittakerBriefing to industryShanghai Dow CenterShanghai China, November

*Briefing occurred in first half of 2014, but included highlight on the award of funding and overview of the CBNS.

Performance

60


Performance

Early Career Researcher Dr Adam Martin in the School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales.

61


PublicationsThe following list of publications is from the commencement of the CBNS in mid-2014.

Book Chapters(1) Gause, K. T.; Yan, Y.; Caruso, F. “Nanoengineered Capsules: Moving into the Biological Realm” in Layer-by-Layer Films for Biomedical Applications (Eds. Picart, C.; Caruso, F.; Voegel, J. C.), Wiley-VCH, Weinheim 2014, pp. 309-342

(2) Gooding J.J.; Zhu Y. “Modifying Porous Silicon with Self-Assembled Monolayers for Biomedical Applications” in Porous silicon for biomedical applications (Ed. Santos H.), Woodhead Publishing, Cambridge UK, 2014, pp. 81-103.

(3) Pasquier, E.; Kavallaris, M.; Andre, N. “Metronomic chemotherapy regimens using microtubule-targeting agents: mechanisms of action, pre-clinical activity and future developments” in Metronomic Chemotherapy: pharmacology and clinical applications (Eds. Bocci, G.; Francia, G.), Springer USA, 2014, pp. 69-90.

Journal Articles(1) Acquaroli, L. N.; Kuchel, T.; Voelcker, N. H. Towards implantable porous silicon biosensors. RSC Advances 2014, 4, 34768-34773.

(2) Al Abdulla, W. A.; Hill, D. J. T.; Whittaker, A. K. Photodegradation of Some Low-Density Polyethylene-Montmorillonite Nanocomposites Containing an Oligomeric Compatibilizer. Journal of Applied Polymer Science 2014, 131, DOI: 10.1002/app.40788.

(3) Alhmoud, H. Z.; Guinan, T. M.; Elnathan, R.; Kobus, H.; Voelcker, N. H. Surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry using ordered silicon nanopillar arrays. The Analyst 2014, 139, 5999-6009.

(4) Ana-Sosa-Batiz, F.; Johnston, A. P. R.; Liu, H.; Center, R. J.; Rerks-Ngarm, S.; Pitisuttithum, P.; Nitayaphan, S.; Kaewkungwal, J.; Kim, J. H.; Michael, N. L.; Kelleher, A. D.; Stratov, I.; Kent, S. J.; Kramski, M. HIV-specific antibody-dependent phagocytosis matures during HIV infection. Immunology and Cell Biology 2014, 92, 679-687.

(5) Anastasaki, A.; Nikolaou, V.; Pappas, G. S.; Zhang, Q.; Wan, C.; Wilson, P.; Davis, T. P.; Whittaker, M. R.; Haddleton, D. M. Photoinduced sequence-control via one pot living radical polymerization of acrylates. Chemical Science 2014, 5, 3536-3542.

(6) Anby, M. U.; Tr-Hung, N.; Yeap, Y. Y.; Feeney, O. M.; Williams, H. D.; Benameur, H.; Pouton, C. W.; Porter, C. J. H. An in Vitro Digestion Test That Reflects Rat Intestinal Conditions To Probe the Importance of Formulation Digestion vs First Pass Metabolism in Danazol Bioavailability from Lipid Based Formulations. Molecular Pharmaceutics 2014, 11, 4069-4083.

(7) Ardana, A.; Whittaker, A. K.; McMillan, N. A. J.; Thurecht, K. J. Polymeric siRNA delivery vectors: knocking down cancers with polymeric-based gene delivery systems. Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology 2014, DOI: 10.1002/jctb.4508.

(8) Ardana, A.; Whittaker, A. K.; Thurecht, K. J. PEG-Based Hyperbranched Polymer Theranostics: Optimizing Chemistries for Improved Bioconjugation. Macromolecules 2014, 47, 5211-5219.

(9) Basuki, J. S.; Esser, L.; Duong, H. T. T.; Zhang, Q.; Wilson, P.; Whittaker, M. R.; Haddleton, D. M.; Boyer, C.; Davis, T. P. Magnetic nanoparticles with diblock glycopolymer shells give lectin concentration-dependent MRI signals and selective cell uptake. Chemical Science 2014, 5, 715-726.

(10) Basuki, J. S.; Jacquemin, A.; Esser, L.; Li, Y.; Boyer, C.; Davis, T. P. A block copolymer-stabilized co-precipitation approach to magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles for potential use as MRI contrast agents. Polymer Chemistry 2014, 5, 2611-2620.

(11) Bennett, T.; Pei, K.; Cheng, H. H.; Thurecht, K. J.; Jack, K. S.; Blakey, I. Extending the scope of poly(styrene)-block-poly(methyl methacrylate) for directed self assembly. Alternative Lithographic Technologies VI 2014, 9049, doi: 10.1117/12.2046296.

(12) Bennett, T. M.; Pei, K.; Cheng, H.-H.; Thurecht, K. J.; Jack, K. S.; Blakey, I. Can ionic liquid additives be used to extend the scope of poly(styrene)-block-poly(methyl methacrylate) for directed self-assembly? Journal of Micro-Nanolithography Mems and Moems 2014, 13, doi: 10.1117/1.JMM.13.3.031304.

Performance

62


(13) Birru, W. A.; Warren, D. B.; Ibrahim, A.; Williams, H. D.; Benameur, H.; Porter, C. J. H.; Chalmers, D. K.; Pouton, C. W. Digestion of Phospholipids after Secretion of Bile into the Duodenum Changes the Phase Behavior of Bile Components. Molecular Pharmaceutics 2014, 11, 2825-2834.

(14) Bjoernmalm, M.; Yan, Y.; Caruso, F. Engineering and evaluating drug delivery particles in microfluidic devices. Journal of Controlled Release 2014, 190, 139-149.

(15) Bleach, R.; Karagoz, B.; Prakash, S. M.; Davis, T. P.; Boyer, C. In Situ Formation of Polymer-Gold Composite Nanoparticles with Tunable Morphologies. ACS Macro Letters 2014, 3, 591-596.

(16) Boase, N. R. B.; Blakey, I.; Rolfe, B. E.; Mardon, K.; Thurecht, K. J. Synthesis of a multimodal molecular imaging probe based on a hyperbranched polymer architecture. Polymer Chemistry 2014, 5, 4450-4458.

(17) Brandl, M. B.; Pasquier, E.; Li, F.; Beck, D.; Zhang, S.; Zhao, H.; Kavallaris, M.; Wong, S. T. C. Computational analysis of image-based drug profiling predicts synergistic drug combinations: Applications in triple-negative breast cancer. Molecular Oncology 2014, 8, 1548-1560.

(18) Budden, D. M.; Hurley, D. G.; Crampin, E. J. Predictive modelling of gene expression from transcriptional regulatory elements. Briefings in Bioinformatics 2014, doi:10.1093/bib/bbu034.

(19) Budden, D. M.; Hurley, D. G.; Cursons, J.; Markham, J. F.; Davis, M. J.; Crampin, E. J. Predicting expression: the complementary power of histone modification and transcription factor binding data. Epigenetics & Chromatin 2014, 7, doi: 10.1186/1756-8935-7-36.

(20) Bunnett, N. W. Neuro-humoral signalling by bile acids and the TGR5 receptor in the gastrointestinal tract. Journal of Physiology-London 2014, 592, 2943-2950.

(21) Byrne, F. L.; Yang, L.; Phillips, P. A.; Hansford, L. M.; Fletcher, J. I.; Ormandy, C. J.; McCarroll, J. A.; Kavallaris, M. RNAi-mediated stathmin suppression reduces lung metastasis in an orthotopic neuroblastoma mouse model. Oncogene 2014, 33, 882-890.

(22) Caliph, S. M.; Faassen, F. W.; Porter, C. J. H. The influence of intestinal lymphatic transport on the systemic exposure and brain deposition of a novel highly lipophilic compound with structural similarity to cholesterol. Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 2014, 66, 1377-1387.

(23) Cattaruzza, F.; Amadesi, S.; Carlsson, J. F.; Murphy, J. E.; Lyo, V.; Kirkwood, K.; Cottrell, G. S.; Bogyo, M.; Knecht, W.; Bunnett, N. W. Serine proteases and protease-activated receptor 2 mediate the proinflammatory and algesic actions of diverse stimulants. British Journal of Pharmacology 2014, 171, 3814-3826.

(24) Chandrasekaran, S.; Macdonald, T. J.; Mange, Y. J.; Voelcker, N. H.; Nann, T. A quantum dot sensitized catalytic porous silicon photocathode. Journal of Materials Chemistry A 2014, 2, 9478-9481.

(25) Chandrasekaran, S.; Sweetman, M. J.; Kant, K.; Skinner, W.; Losic, D.; Nann, T.; Voelcker, N. H. Silicon diatom frustules as nanostructured photoelectrodes. Chemical Communications 2014, 50, 10441-10444.

(26) Chen, X.; Cheng, X.; Soeriyadi, A. H.; Sagnella, S. M.; Lu, X.; Scott, J. A.; Lowe, S. B.; Kavallaris, M.; Gooding, J. J. Stimuli-responsive functionalized mesoporous silica nanoparticles for drug release in response to various biological stimuli. Biomaterials Science 2014, 2, 121-130.

(27) Chen, X.; Soeriyadi, A. H.; Lu, X.; Sagnella, S. M.; Kavallaris, M.; Gooding, J. J. Dual Bioresponsive Mesoporous Silica Nanocarrier as an “AND” Logic Gate for Targeted Drug Delivery Cancer Cells. Advanced Functional Materials 2014, 24, 6999-7006.

(28) Cheng, X.; Lowe, S. B.; Reece, P. J.; Gooding, J. J. Colloidal silicon quantum dots: from preparation to the modification of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) for bio-applications. Chemical Society Reviews 2014, 43, 2680-2700.

(29) Cho, K. L.; Lomas, H.; Hill, A. J.; Caruso, F.; Kentish, S. E. Spray Assembled, Cross-Linked Polyelectrolyte Multilayer Membranes for Salt Removal. Langmuir 2014, 30, 8784-8790.

(30) Chockalingam, M.; Magenau, A.; Parker, S. G.; Parviz, M.; Vivekchand, S. R. C.; Gaus, K.; Gooding, J. J. Biointerfaces on Indium-Tin Oxide Prepared from Organophosphonic Acid Self-Assembled Monolayers. Langmuir 2014, 30, 8509-8515.

Performance

63


(31) Chong, J. Y. T.; Mulet, X.; Postma, A.; Keddie, D. J.; Waddington, L. J.; Boyd, B. J.; Drummond, C. J. Novel RAFT amphiphilic brush copolymer steric stabilisers for cubosomes: poly(octadecyl acrylate)-block-poly(polyethylene glycol methyl ether acrylate). Soft Matter 2014, 10, 6666-6676.

(32) Ciampi, S.; Luais, E.; James, M.; Choudhury, M. H.; Darwish, N. A.; Gooding, J. J. The rapid formation of functional monolayers on silicon under mild conditions. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 2014, 16, 8003-8011.

(33) Cui, J. W.; Bjornmalm, M.; Liang, K.; Xu, C. L. ; Best, J. P.; Zhang, X. H.; Caruso, F. Super-Soft Hydrogel Particles with Tunable Elasticity in a Microfluidic Blood Capillary Model, Advanced Materials 2014, 26, 7295-7299.

(34) Cui, J.; Ju, Y.; Liang, K.; Ejima, H.; Loercher, S.; Gause, K. T.; Richardson, J. J.; Caruso, F. Nanoscale engineering of low-fouling surfaces through polydopamine immobilisation of zwitterionic peptides. Soft Matter 2014, 10, 2656-2663.

(35) Dewi, M. R.; Laufersky, G.; Nann, T. A highly efficient ligand exchange reaction on gold nanoparticles: preserving their size, shape and colloidal stability. RSC Advances 2014, 4, 34217-34220.

(36) Dey, P.; Olds, W.; Blakey, I.; Thurecht, K. J.; Izake, E. L.; Fredericks, P. M. SERS-barcoded colloidal gold NP assemblies as imaging agents for use in biodiagnostics. Biomedical Vibrational Spectroscopy VI: Advances in Research and Industry 2014, 8939, doi:10.1117/12.2037159.

(37) Dey, P.; Zhu, S.; Thurecht, K. J.; Fredericks, P. M.; Blakey, I. Self assembly of plasmonic core-satellite nano-assemblies mediated by hyperbranched polymer linkers. Journal of Materials Chemistry B 2014, 2, 2827-2837.

(38) Du, J. D.; Liu, Q.; Salentinig, S.; Tri-Hung, N.; Boyd, B. J. A novel approach to enhance the mucoadhesion of lipid drug nanocarriers for improved drug delivery to the buccal mucosa. International Journal of Pharmaceutics 2014, 471, 358-365.

(39) Duong, H. T. T.; Adnan, N. N. M.; Barraud, N.; Basuki, J. S.; Kutty, S. K.; Jung, K.; Kumar, N.; Davis, T. P.; Boyer, C. Functional gold nanoparticles for the storage and controlled release of nitric oxide: applications in biofilm dispersal and intracellular delivery. Journal of Materials Chemistry B 2014, 2, 5003-5011.

(40) Duong, H. T. T.; Ho, A.; Davis, T. P.; Boyer, C. Organic Nitrate Functional Nanoparticles for the Glutathione-Triggered Slow-Release of Nitric Oxide. Journal of Polymer Science Part A-Polymer Chemistry 2014, 52, 2099-2103.

(41) Duong, H. T. T.; Jung, K.; Kutty, S. K.; Agustina, S.; Adnan, N. N. M.; Basuki, J. S.; Kumar, N.; Davis, T. P.; Barraud, N.; Boyer, C. Nanoparticle (Star Polymer) Delivery of Nitric Oxide Effectively Negates Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilm Formation. Biomacromolecules 2014, 15, 2583-2589.

(42) Eakins, G. L.; Gallaher, J. K.; Keyzers, R. A.; Falber, A.; Webb, J. E. A.; Laos, A.; Tidhar, Y.; Weissman, H.; Rybtchinski, B.; Thordarson, P.; Hodgkiss, J. M. Thermodynamic Factors Impacting the Peptide-Driven Self-Assembly of Perylene Diimide Nanofibers. Journal of Physical Chemistry B 2014, 118, 8642-8651.

(43) Eiffe, E.; Pasquier, E.; Kavallaris, M.; Herbert, C.; Black, D. S.; Kumar, N. Synthesis, anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory activity of novel 2-substituted isoflavenes. Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry 2014, 22, 5182-5193.

(44) Ejima, H.; Richardson, J. J.; Caruso, F. Phenolic film engineering for template-mediated microcapsule preparation. Polymer Journal 2014, 46, 452-459.

(45) Fang, C.; Shapter, J. G.; Voelcker, N. H.; Ellis, A. V. Graphene masks as passivation layers in the electrochemical etching of silicon. Journal of Materials Science 2014, 49, 7819-7823.

(46) Fang, C.; Shapter, J. G.; Voelcker, N. H.; Ellis, A. V. Electrochemically prepared nanoporous gold as a SERS substrate with high enhancement. RSC Advances 2014, 4, 19502-19506.

(47) Fang, L.; Weis, A.; Wong, L. K.; Yeh, D. C.-C.; Lai, R.; Corrie, S.; Barnard, R. T. Application of the PrimRglo assay chemistry to multiplexed bead assays. Current Protocols in Cytometry 2014, 69, 13.13.11-13.13.10.

(48) Feeney, O. M.; Williams, H. D.; Pouton, C. W.; Porter, C. J. H. ‘Stealth’ lipid-based formulations: Poly(ethylene glycol)-mediated digestion inhibition improves oral bioavailability of a model poorly water soluble drug. Journal of Controlled Release 2014, 192, 219-227.

(49) Fernandez, C. S.; Amarasena, T.; Kelleher, A. D.; Rossjohn, J.; McCluskey, J.; Godfrey, D. I.; Kent, S. J. MAIT cells are depleted early but retain functional cytokine expression in HIV infection. Immunology and Cell Biology 2014, 93, 177-188.

Performance

64


(50) Fernandez, C. S.; Kelleher, A. D.; Finlayson, R.; Godfrey, D. I.; Kent, S. J. NKT cell depletion in humans during early HIV infection. Immunology and Cell Biology 2014, 92, 578-590.

(51) Fife, C. M.; McCarroll, J. A.; Kavallaris, M. Movers and shakers: cell cytoskeleton in cancer metastasis. British Journal of Pharmacology 2014, 171, 5507-5523.

(52) Florek, N. W.; Weinfurter, J. T.; Jegaskanda, S.; Brewoo, J. N.; Powell, T. D.; Young, G. R.; Das, S. C.; Hatta, M.; Broman, K. W.; Hungnes, O.; Dudman, S. G.; Kawaoka, Y.; Kent, S. J.; Stinchcomb, D. T.; Osorio, J. E.; Friedrich, T. C. Modified Vaccinia Virus Ankara Encoding Influenza Virus Hemagglutinin Induces Heterosubtypic Immunity in Macaques. Journal of Virology 2014, 88, 13418-13428.

(53) Fong, W.-K.; Hanley, T. L.; Thierry, B.; Tilley, A.; Kirby, N.; Waddington, L. J.; Boyd, B. J. Understanding the photothermal heating effect in non-lamellar liquid crystalline systems, and the design of new mixed lipid systems for photothermal on-demand drug delivery. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 2014, 16, 24936-24953.

(54) Gawthrop, P. J.; Crampin, E. J. Energy-based analysis of biochemical cycles using bond graphs. Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical Physical and Engineering Sciences 2014, 470, 20140459.

(55) Gooneratne, S. L.; Alinejad-Rokny, H.; Ebrahimi, D.; Bohn, P. S.; Wiseman, R. W.; O’Connor, D. H.; Davenport, M. P.; Kent, S. J. Linking Pig-Tailed Macaque Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Haplotypes and Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Escape Mutations in Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection. Journal of Virology 2014, 88, 14310-14325.

(56) Grace, M. S.; Lieu, T.; Darby, B.; Abogadie, F. C.; Veldhuis, N.; Bunnett, N. W.; McIntyre, P. The tyrosine kinase inhibitor bafetinib inhibits PAR2-induced activation of TRPV4 channels in vitro and pain in vivo. British Journal of Pharmacology 2014, 171, 3881-3894.

(57) Guan, B.; Magenau, A.; Ciampi, S.; Gaus, K.; Reece, P. J.; Gooding, J. J. Antibody Modified Porous Silicon Microparticles for the Selective Capture of Cells. Bioconjugate chemistry 2014, 25, 1282-1289.

(58) Gunawan, S. T.; Kempe, K.; Such, G. K.; Cui, J.; Liang, K.; Richardson, J. J.; Johnston, A. P. R.; Caruso, F. Tuning Particle Biodegradation through Polymer-Peptide Blend Composition. Biomacromolecules 2014, 15, 4429-4438.

(59) Gunawan, S. T.; Liang, K.; Such, G. K.; Johnston, A. P. R.; Leung, M. K. M.; Cui, J.; Caruso, F. Engineering Enzyme-Cleavable Hybrid Click Capsules with a pH-Sheddable Coating for Intracellular Degradation. Small 2014, 10, 4080-4086.

(60) Guntari, S. N.; Nam, E.; Pranata, N. N.; Chia, K.; Wong, E. H. H.; Blencowe, A.; Goh, T. K.; Caruso, F.; Qiao, G. G. Fabrication of Chiral Stationary Phases via Continuous Assembly of Polymers for Resolution of Enantiomers by Liquid Chromatography. Macromolecular Materials and Engineering 2014, 299, 1285-1291.

(61) Haerteis, S.; Krappitz, A.; Krappitz, M.; Murphy, J. E.; Bertog, M.; Krueger, B.; Nacken, R.; Chung, H.; Hollenberg, M. D.; Knecht, W.; Bunnett, N. W.; Korbmacher, C. Proteolytic Activation of the Human Epithelial Sodium Channel by Trypsin IV and Trypsin I Involves Distinct Cleavage Sites. Journal of Biological Chemistry 2014, 289, 19067-19078.

(62) Hu, J.; Whittaker, M. R.; Hien, D.; Li, Y.; Boyer, C.; Davis, T. P. Biomimetic Polymers Responsive to a Biological Signaling Molecule: Nitric Oxide Triggered Reversible Self-assembly of Single Macromolecular Chains into Nanoparticles. Angewandte Chemie-International Edition 2014, 53, 7779-7784.

(63) Hurley, D. G.; Budden, D. M.; Crampin, E. J. Virtual Reference Environments: a simple way to make research reproducible. Briefings in Bioinformatics 2014, 1-3, doi: 10.1093/bib/bbu043.

(64) Hurley, D. G.; Cursons, J.; Wang, Y. K.; Print, C.G.; Crampin, E. J. NAIL, a software toolset for inferring, analyzing and visualizing regulatory networks. Bioinformatics 2014, 31, 277-278.

(65) Hvasanov, D.; Nam, E. V.; Peterson, J. R.; Pornsaksit, D.; Wiedenmann, J.; Marquis, C. P.; Thordarson, P. One-Pot Synthesis of High Molecular Weight Synthetic Heteroprotein Dimers Driven by Charge Complementarity Electrostatic Interactions. Journal of Organic Chemistry 2014, 79, 9594-9602.

(66) Jamieson, S. A.; Tong, K. W. K.; Hamilton, W. A.; He, L.; James, M.; Thordarson, P. Small Angle Neutron Scattering (SANS) Studies on the Structural Evolution of Pyromellitamide Self-Assembled Gels. Langmuir 2014, 30, 13987-13993.

(67) Jegaskanda, S.; Ahn, S. H.; Skinner, N.; Thompson, A. J.; Ngyuen, T.; Holmes, J.; De Rose, R.; Navis, M.; Winnall, W. R.; Kramski, M.; Bernardi, G.; Bayliss, J.; Colledge, D.; Sozzi, V.; Visvanathan, K.; Locarnini, S. A.; Kent, S. J.; Revill, P. A. Downregulation of Interleukin-18-Mediated Cell Signaling and Interferon Gamma Expression by the Hepatitis B Virus e Antigen. Journal of Virology 2014, 88, 10412-10420.

Performance

65


(68) Jegaskanda, S.; Reading, P. C.; Kent, S. J. Influenza-Specific Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity: Toward a Universal Influenza Vaccine. Journal of Immunology 2014, 193, 469-475.

(69) Jegaskanda, S.; Vandenberg, K.; Laurie, K. L.; Loh, L.; Kramski, M.; Winnall, W. R.; Kedzierska, K.; Rockman, S.; Kent, S. J. Cross-Reactive Influenza-Specific Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity in Intravenous Immunoglobulin as a Potential Therapeutic Against Emerging Influenza Viruses. Journal of Infectious Diseases 2014, 210, 1811-1822.

(70) Jenie, S. N. A.; Du, Z.; McInnes, S. J. P.; Ung, P.; Graham, B.; Plush, S. E.; Voelcker, N. H. Biomolecule detection in porous silicon based microcavities via europium luminescence enhancement. Journal of Materials Chemistry B 2014, 2, 7694-7703.

(71) Jenie, S. N. A.; Pace, S.; Sciacca, B.; Brooks, R. D.; Plush, S. E.; Voelcker, N. H. Lanthanide Luminescence Enhancements in Porous Silicon Resonant Microcavities. Acs Applied Materials & Interfaces 2014, 6, 12012-12021.

(72) Jensen, D. D.; Halls, M. L.; Murphy, J. E.; Canals, M.; Cattaruzza, F.; Poole, D. P.; Lieu, T.; Koon, H.-W.; Pothoulakis, C.; Bunnett, N. W. Endothelin-converting Enzyme 1 and beta-Arrestins Exert Spatiotemporal Control of Substance P-induced Inflammatory Signals. Journal of Biological Chemistry 2014, 289, 20283-20294.

(73) Kafshgari, M. H.; Cavallaro, A.; Delalat, B.; Harding, F. J.; McInnes, S. J. P.; Makila, E.; Salonen, J.; Vasilev, K.; Voelcker, N. H. Nitric oxide-releasing porous silicon nanoparticles. Nanoscale Research Letters 2014, 9, doi: 10.1186/1556-276X-9-333.

(74) Karagoz, B.; Esser, L.; Duong, H. T.; Basuki, J. S.; Boyer, C.; Davis, T. P. Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly (PISA) - control over the morphology of nanoparticles for drug delivery applications. Polymer Chemistry 2014, 5, 350-355.

(75) Karagoz, B.; Yeow, J.; Esser, L.; Prakash, S. M.; Kuchel, R. P.; Davis, T. P.; Boyer, C. An Efficient and Highly Versatile Synthetic Route to Prepare Iron Oxide Nanoparticles/Nanocomposites with Tunable Morphologies. Langmuir 2014, 30, 10493-10502.

(76) Kearnes, M.; Macnaghten, P.; Davies, S. R. Narrative, Nanotechnology and the Accomplishment of Public Responses: a Response to Thorstensen. Nanoethics 2014, 8, 241-250.

(77) Kempe, K.; Ng, S. L.; Gunawan, S. T.; Noi, K. F.; Caruso, F. Intracellularly Degradable Hydrogen-Bonded Polymer Capsules. Advanced Functional Materials 2014, 24, 6187-6194.

(78) Kent, S. J.; Davenport, M. P. Tentative first steps to eradicate latent HIV. The Lancet HIV 2014, 1, e2-e3.

(79) Kim, P. Y.; Tan, O.; Diakiw, S. M.; Carter, D.; Sekerye, E. O.; Wasinger, V. C.; Liu, T.; Kavallaris, M.; Norris, M. D.; Haber, M.; Chesler, L.; Dolnikov, A.; Trahair, T. N.; Cheung, N.-K.; Marshall, G. M.; Cheung, B. B. Identification of plasma Complement C3 as a potential biomarker for neuroblastoma using a quantitative proteomic approach. Journal of Proteomics 2014, 96, 1-12.

(80) Kovtun, O.; Tillu, V. A.; Jung, W.; Leneva, N.; Ariotti, N.; Chaudhary, N.; Mandyam, R. A.; Ferguson, C.; Morgan, G. P.; Johnston, W. A.; Harrop, S. J.; Alexandrov, K.; Parton, R. G.; Collins, B. M. Structural Insights into the Organization of the Cavin Membrane Coat Complex. Developmental Cell 2014, 31, 405-419.

(81) Krismastuti, F. S. H.; Brooks, W. L. A.; Sweetman, M. J.; Sumerlin, B. S.; Voelcker, N. H. A photonic glucose biosensor for chronic wound prognostics. Journal of Materials Chemistry B 2014, 2, 3972-3983.

(82) Lang, Y.; Finn, D. P.; Caruso, F.; Pandit, A. Fabrication of nanopatterned polymeric microparticles using a diatom as a sacrificial template. RSC Advances 2014, 4, 44418-44422.

(83) Lee, K. T.; Muller, D. A.; Coffey, J. W.; Robinson, K. J.; McCarthy, J. S.; Kendall, M. A. F.; Corrie, S. R. Capture of the Circulating Plasmodium falciparum Biomarker HRP2 in a Multiplexed Format, via a Wearable Skin Patch. Analytical Chemistry 2014, 86, 10474-10483.

Performance

66


(84) Lee, L.; Johnston, A. P. R.; Caruso, F. Programmed Degradation of DNA Multilayer Films. Small 2014, 10, 2902-2909.

(85) Lee, Y. Y.; Walker, D. B.; Gooding, J. J.; Messerle, B. A. Ruthenium(II) complexes containing functionalised beta-diketonate ligands: developing a ferrocene mimic for biosensing applications. Dalton Transactions 2014, 43, 12734-12742.

(86) Li, Y.; Laurent, S.; Esser, L.; Elst, L. V.; Muller, R. N.; Lowe, A. B.; Boyer, C.; Davis, T. P. The precise molecular location of gadolinium atoms has a significant influence on the efficacy of nanoparticulate MRI positive contrast agents. Polymer Chemistry 2014, 5, 2592-2601.

(87) Liang, K.; Gunawan, S. T.; Richardson, J. J.; Such, G. K.; Cui, J.; Caruso, F. Endocytic Capsule Sensors for Probing Cellular Internalization. Advanced Healthcare Materials 2014, 3, 1551-1554.

(88) Liu, P. Y.; Erriquez, D.; Marshall, G. M.; Tee, A. E.; Polly, P.; Wong, M.; Liu, B.; Bell, J. L.; Zhang, X. D.; Milazzo, G.; Cheung, B. B.; Fox, A.; Swarbrick, A.; Huettelmaier, S.; Kavallaris, M.; Perini, G.; Mattick, J. S.; Dinger, M. E.; Liu, T. Effects of a Novel Long Noncoding RNA, IncUSMycN, on N-Myc Expression and Neuroblastoma Progression. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 2014, 106, doi: 10.1093/jnci/dju113.

(89) Lloyd, S. B.; Kent, S. J.; Winnall, W. R. The High Cost of Fidelity. Aids Research and Human Retroviruses 2014, 30, 8-16.

(90) Lowe, S. B.; Tan, V. T. G.; Soeriyadi, A. H.; Davis, T. P.; Gooding, J. J. Synthesis and High-Throughput Processing of Polymeric Hydrogels for 3D Cell Culture. Bioconjugate Chemistry 2014, 25, 1581-1601.

(91) Macdonald, T. J.; Mange, Y. J.; Dewi, M.; McFadden, A.; Skinner, W. M.; Nann, T. Cation exchange of aqueous CuInS2 quantum dots. CrystEngComm 2014, 16, 9455-9460.

(92) Madhavi, V.; Ana-Sosa-Batiz, F. E.; Jegaskanda, S.; Center, R. J.; Winnall, W. R.; Parsons, M. S.; Ananworanich, J.; Cooper, D. A.; Kelleher, A. D.; Hsu, D.; Pett, S.; Stratov, I.; Kramski, M.; Kent, S. J. Antibody-Dependent Effector Functions Against HIV Decline in Subjects Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy. Journal of Infectious Diseases 2014, DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiu486.

(93) Madhavi, V.; Wren, L. H.; Center, R. J.; Gonelli, C.; Winnall, W. R.; Parsons, M. S.; Kramski, M.; Kent, S. J.; Stratov, I. Breadth of HIV-1 Env-specific antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity: relevance to global HIV vaccine design. Aids 2014, 28, 1859-1870.

(94) Maina, J. W.; Cui, J.; Bjoernmalm, M.; Wise, A. K.; Shepherd, R. K.; Caruso, F. Mold-Templated Inorganic-Organic Hybrid Supraparticles for Codelivery of Drugs. Biomacromolecules 2014, 15, 4146-4151.

(95) Makharza, S.; Vittorio, O.; Cirillo, G.; Oswald, S.; Hinde, E.; Kavallaris, M.; Büchner, B.; Mertig, M.; Hampel, S. Graphene Oxide - Gelatin Nanohybrids as Functional Tools for Enhanced Carboplatin Activity in Neuroblastoma Cells. Pharmaceutical Research 2014, DOI 10.1007/s11095-014-1604-z.

(96) Martin, A. D.; Robinson, A. B.; Mason, A. F.; Wojciechowski, J. P.; Thordarson, P. Exceptionally strong hydrogels through self-assembly of an indole-capped dipeptide. Chemical Communications 2014, 50, 15541-15544.

(97) McCarroll, J.; Teo, J.; Boyer, C.; Goldstein, D.; Kavallaris, M.; Phillips, P. A. Potential applications of nanotechnology for the diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic cancer. Frontiers in Physiology 2014, 5, 2-2.

(98) McCarroll, J. A.; Naim, S.; Sharbeen, G.; Russia, N.; Lee, J.; Kavallaris, M.; Goldstein, D.; Phillips, P. A. Role of pancreatic stellate cells in chemoresistance in pancreatic cancer. Frontiers in Physiology 2014, 5, doi: 10.3389/fphys.2014.00141.

(99) McEvoy, C. L.; Trevaskis, N. L.; Edwards, G. A.; Perlman, M. E.; Ambler, C. M.; Mack, M. C.; Brockhurst, B.; Porter, C. J. H. In vitro-in vivo evaluation of lipid based formulations of the CETP inhibitors CP-529,414 (torcetrapib) and CP-532,623. European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics 2014, 88, 973-985.

(100) Mertz, D.; Affolter-Zbaraszczuk, C.; Barthes, J.; Cui, J.; Caruso, F.; Baumert, T. F.; Voegel, J.-C.; Ogier, J.; Meyer, F. Templated assembly of albumin-based nanoparticles for simultaneous gene silencing and magnetic resonance imaging. Nanoscale 2014, 6, 11676-11680.

(101) Michaels, P.; Alam, M. T.; Ciampi, S.; Rouesnel, W.; Parker, S. G.; Choudhury, M. H.; Gooding, J. J. A robust DNA interface on a silicon electrode. Chemical Communications 2014, 50, 7878-7880.

(102) Miller, G. The Visioneers: How a Group of Elite Scientists Pursued Space Colonies, Nanotechnologies and a Limitless Future. Nanoethics 2014, 8, 255-257.

Performance

67


(103) Moon, H.; Lee, C. S.; Inder, K. L.; Sharma, S.; Choi, E.; Black, D. M.; Le Cao, K. A.; Winterford, C.; Coward, J. I.; Ling, M. T.; the Australian Prostate Cancer BioResource ; Craik, D. J.; Parton, R. G.; Russell, P. J.; Hill, M. M. PTRF/cavin-1 neutralizes non-caveolar caveolin-1 microdomains in prostate cancer. Oncogene 2014, 33, 3561-3570.

(104) Moore, E.; Delalat, B.; Vasani, R.; McPhee, G.; Thissen, H.; Voelcker, N. H. Surface-Initiated Hyperbranched Polyglycerol as an Ultralow-Fouling Coating on Glass, Silicon, and Porous Silicon Substrates. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 2014, 6, 15243-15252.

(105) Moore, E.; Delalat, B.; Vasani, R.; Thissen, H.; Voelcker, N. H. Patterning and Biofunctionalization of Antifouling Hyperbranched Polyglycerol Coatings. Biomacromolecules 2014, 15, 2735-2743.

(106) Nam, E.; Kim, J.; Guntari, S. N.; Seyler, H.; Fu, Q.; Wong, E. H. H.; Blencowe, A.; Jones, D. J.; Caruso, F.; Qiao, G. G. Continuous assembly of polymers via solid phase reactions. Chemical Science 2014, 5, 3374-3380.

(107) Ng, S. L.; Best, J. P.; Kempe, K.; Liang, K.; Johnston, A. P. R.; Such, G. K.; Caruso, F. Fundamental Studies of Hybrid Poly(2-(diisopropylamino)ethyl methacrylate)/Poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) Films and Capsules. Biomacromolecules 2014, 15, 2784-2792.

(108) Nguyen, N. T.; Thurecht, K. J.; Howdle, S. M.; Irvine, D. J. Facile one-spot synthesis of highly branched polycaprolactone. Polymer Chemistry 2014, 5, 2997-3008.

(109) Nguyen Viet, L.; Yang, Y.; Yuasa, M.; Cao Minh, T.; Cao, Y.; Nann, T.; Nogami, M. Gas-sensing properties of p-type alpha-Fe2O3 polyhedral particles synthesized via a modified polyol method. RSC Advances 2014, 4, 8250-8255.

(110) Nguyen Viet, L.; Yang, Y.; Yuasa, M.; Cao Minh, T.; Cao, Y.; Nann, T.; Nogami, M. Controlled synthesis and characterization of iron oxide nanostructures with potential applications for gas sensors and the environment. RSC Advances 2014, 4, 6383-6390.

(111) Ooi, H. W.; Cooper, S. J.; Huang, C.-Y.; Jennins, D.; Chung, E.; Maeji, N. J.; Whittaker, A. K. Coordination complexes as molecular glue for immobilization of antibodies on cyclic olefin copolymer surfaces. Analytical Biochemistry 2014, 456, 6-13.

(112) Pace, S.; Vasani, R. B.; Zhao, W.; Perrier, S.; Voelcker, N. H. Photonic porous silicon as a pH sensor. Nanoscale Research Letters 2014, 9, doi:10.1186/1556-276X-9-420.

(113) Park, J. H.; Kim, K.; Lee, J.; Choi, J. Y.; Hong, D.; Yang, S. H.; Caruso, F.; Lee, Y.; Choi, I. S. A Cytoprotective and Degradable Metal-Polyphenol Nanoshell for Single-Cell Encapsulation. Angewandte Chemie-International Edition 2014, 53, 12420-12425.

(114) Parker, A. L.; Kavallaris, M.; McCarroll J. A. Microtubules and their role in cellular stress in cancer, Frontiers in Oncology 2014, 4, doi: 10.3389/fonc.2014.00153.

(115) Parsons, M. S.; Loh, L.; Gooneratne, S.; Center, R. J.; Kent, S. J. Role of education and differentiation in determining the potential of natural killer cells to respond to antibody-dependent stimulation. Aids 2014, 28, 2781-2786.

(116) Parsons, M. S.; Tang, C.-C.; Jegaskanda, S.; Center, R. J.; Brooks, A. G.; Stratov, I.; Kent, S. J. Anti-HIV Antibody-Dependent Activation of NK Cells Impairs NKp46 Expression. Journal of Immunology 2014, 192, 308-315.

(117) Parviz, M.; Darwish, N.; Alam, M. T.; Parker, S. G.; Ciampi, S.; Gooding, J. J. Investigation of the Antifouling Properties of Phenyl Phosphorylcholine-Based Modified Gold Surfaces. Electroanalysis 2014, 26, 1471-1480.

(118) Patil, R.; Laguerre, A.; Wielens, J.; Headey, S. J.; Williams, M. L.; Hughes, M. L. R.; Mohanty, B.; Porter, C. J. H.; Scanlon, M. J. Characterization of Two Distinct Modes of Drug Binding to Human Intestinal Fatty Acid Binding Protein. ACS Chemical Biology 2014, 9, 2526-2534.

(119) Pearce, A. K.; Rolfe, B. E.; Russell, P. J.; Tse, B. W. C.; Whittaker, A. K.; Fuchs, A. V.; Thurecht, K. J. Development of a polymer theranostic for prostate cancer. Polymer Chemistry 2014, 5, 6932-6942.

(120) Petravic, J.; Martyushev, A.; Reece, J. C.; Kent, S. J.; Davenport, M. P. Modeling the Timing of Antilatency Drug Administration during HIV Treatment. Journal of Virology 2014, 88, 14050-14056.

(121) Plummer, A.; Kuznetsov, V. A.; Gascooke, J.; Shapter, J.; Voelcker, N. H. Laser shock ignition of porous silicon based nano-energetic films. Journal of Applied Physics 2014, 116, http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4892444.

(122) Prieto-Simon, B.; Saint, C.; Voelcker, N. H. Electrochemical Biosensors Featuring Oriented Antibody Immobilization via Electrografted and Self-Assembled Hydrazide Chemistry. Analytical Chemistry 2014, 86, 1422-1429.

Performance

68


(123) Rao, S.; Tan, A.; Boyd, B. J.; Prestidge, C. A. Synergistic role of self-emulsifying lipids and nanostructured porous silica particles in optimizing the oral delivery of lovastatin. Nanomedicine 2014, 9, 2745-2759.

(124) Richardson, J. J.; Bjoernmalm, M.; Gunawan, S. T.; Guo, J.; Liang, K.; Tardy, B.; Sekiguchi, S.; Noi, K. F.; Cui, J.; Ejima, H.; Caruso, F. Convective polymer assembly for the deposition of nanostructures and polymer thin films on immobilized particles. Nanoscale 2014, 6, 13416-13420.

(125) Richardson, J. J.; Teng, D.; Bjoernmalm, M.; Gunawan, S. T.; Guo, J.; Cui, J.; Franks, G. V.; Caruso, F. Fluidized Bed Layer-by-Layer Microcapsule Formation. Langmuir 2014, 30, 10028-10034.

(126) Rogers, M.-L.; Smith, K. S.; Matusica, D.; Fenech, M.; Hoffman, L.; Rush, R. A.; Voelcker, N. H. Non-viral gene therapy that targets motor neurons in vivo. Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience 2014, 7, doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2014.00080.

(127) Ryan, G. M.; Kaminskas, L. M.; Porter, C. J. H. Nano-chemotherapeutics: Maximising lymphatic drug exposure to improve the treatment of lymph-metastatic cancers. Journal of Controlled Release 2014, 193, 241-256.

(128) Sagnella, S. M.; Hien, D.; MacMillan, A.; Boyer, C.; Whan, R.; McCarroll, J. A.; Davis, T. P.; Kavallaris, M. Dextran-Based Doxorubicin Nanocarriers with Improved Tumor Penetration. Biomacromolecules 2014, 15, 262-275.

(129) Sagnella, S. M.; McCarroll, J. A.; Kavallaris, M. Drug delivery: Beyond active tumour targeting. Nanomedicine-Nanotechnology Biology and Medicine 2014, 10, 1131-1137.

(130) Salentinig, S.; Phan, S.; Darwish, T. A.; Kirby, N.; Boyd, B. J.; Gilbert, E. P. pH-Responsive Micelles Based on Caprylic Acid. Langmuir 2014, 30, 7296-7303.

(131) Santander-Borrego, M.; Green, D. W.; Chirila, T. V.; Whittaker, A. K.; Blakey, I. Click functionalization of methacrylate-based hydrogels and their cellular response. Journal of Polymer Science Part A-Polymer Chemistry 2014, 52, 1781-1789.

(132) Siekmann, I.; Sneyd, J.; Crampin, E. J. Statistical analysis of modal gating in ion channels. Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical Physical and Engineering Sciences 2014, 470, DOI: 10.1098/rspa.2014.0030.

(133) Sneyd, J.; Crampin, E.; Yule, D. Multiscale modelling of saliva secretion. Mathematical Biosciences 2014, 257, 69-79.

(134) Soeriyadi, A. H.; Gupta, B.; Reece, P. J.; Gooding, J. J. Optimising the enzyme response of a porous silicon photonic crystal via the modular design of enzyme sensitive polymers. Polymer Chemistry 2014, 5, 2333-2341.

(135) Tangso, K. J.; Lindberg, S.; Hartley, P. G.; Knott, R.; Spicer, P.; Boyd, B. J. Formation of Liquid-Crystalline Structures in the Bile Salt-Chitosan System and Triggered Release from Lamellar Phase Bile Salt-Chitosan Capsules. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 2014, 6, 12363-12371.

(136) Teo, J.; Boyer, C.; Sharbeen, G.; Sagnella, S.; Liu, J.; Youkhana, J.; Duong, H. T.; Goldstein, D.; Davis, T. P.; Kavallaris, M.; McCarroll, J.; Phillips, P. A. Design and Synthesis of Novel PEGylated Star Nanoparticles as Delivery Agents for Short-Interfering RNA (siRNA) to Pancreatic Cancer Cells. Pancreas 2014, 43, 1416-1416.

(137) Vecchio, G.; Fenech, M.; Pompa, P. P.; Voelcker, N. H. Lab-on-a-Chip-Based High-Throughput Screening of the Genotoxicity of Engineered Nanomaterials. Small 2014, 10, 2721-2734.

(138) Venditto, V. J.; Dolor, A.; Kohli, A.; Salentinig, S.; Boyd, B. J.; Szoka, F. C., Jr. Sulfated quaternary amine lipids: a new class of inverse charge zwitterlipids. Chemical Communications 2014, 50, 9109-9111.

(139) Vittorio, O.; Brandl, M.; Cirillo, G.; Spizzirri, U. G.; Picci, N.; Kavallaris, M.; Iemma, F.; Hampel, S. Novel functional cisplatin carrier based on carbon nanotubes-quercetin nanohybrid induces synergistic anticancer activity against neuroblastoma in vitro. RSC Advances 2014, 4, 31378-31384.

(140) Vittorio, O.; Voliani, V.; Faraci, P.; Karmakar, B.; Iemma, F.; Hampel, S.; Kavallaris, M.; Cirillo, G. Magnetic catechin-dextran conjugate as targeted therapeutic for pancreatic tumour cells. Journal of Drug Targeting 2014, 22, 408-415.

(141) Wan, Y.; Apostolou, S.; Dronov, R.; Kuss, B.; Voelcker, N. H. Cancer-targeting siRNA delivery from porous silicon nanoparticles. Nanomedicine 2014, 9, 2309-2321.

(142) Wang, Y.; Wise, A. K.; Tan, J.; Maina, J. W.; Shepherd, R. K.; Caruso, F. Mesoporous Silica Supraparticles for Sustained Inner-Ear Drug Delivery. Small 2014, 10, 4244-4248.

(143) Williams, H. D.; Sahbaz, Y.; Ford, L.; Nguyen, T.; Scammells, P. J.; Porter, C. J. H. Ionic liquids provide unique opportunities for oral drug delivery: structure optimization and in vivo evidence of utility. Chemical Communications 2014, 50, 1688-1690.

Performance

69


(144) Williams, H. D.; Sassene, P.; Kleberg, K.; Calderone, M.; Igonin, A.; Jule, E.; Vertommen, J.; Blundell, R.; Benameur, H.; Muellertz, A.; Porter, C. J. H.; Pouton, C. W.; Consortium, L. Toward the Establishment of Standardized In Vitro Tests for Lipid-Based Formulations, Part 4: Proposing a New Lipid Formulation Performance Classification System. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2014, 103, 2441-2455.

(145) Winnall, W. R.; Beasley, M. D.; Center, R. J.; Parsons, M. S.; Kiefel, B. R.; Kent, S. J. The maturation of antibody technology for the HIV epidemic. Immunology and Cell Biology 2014, 92, 570-577.

(146) Xie, F.; Flanagan, B. M.; Li, M.; Sangwan, P.; Truss, R. W.; Halley, P. J.; Strounina, E. V.; Whittaker, A. K.; Gidley, M. J.; Dean, K. M.; Shamshina, J. L.; Rogers, R. D.; McNally, T. Characteristics of starch-based films plasticised by glycerol and by the ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate: A comparative study. Carbohydrate Polymers 2014, 111, 841-848.

(147) Zecca, D.; Qualtieri, A.; Magno, G.; Grande, M.; Petruzzelli, V.; Prieto-Simon, B.; D’Orazio, A.; De Vittorio, M.; Voelcker, N. H.; Stomeo, T. Label-free Si3N4 photonic crystal based immunosensors for diagnostic applications. IEEE Photonics Journal 2014, 6, DOI: 10.1109/JPHOT.2014.2352625.

(148) Zhang, C.; Peng, H.; Whittaker, A. K. NMR Investigation of Effect of Dissolved Salts on the Thermoresponsive Behavior of Oligo(ethylene glycol)-Methacrylate-Based Polymers. Journal of Polymer Science Part A-Polymer Chemistry 2014, 52, 2375-2385.

(149) Zhang, H.; Zhou, L.; Noonan, O.; Martin, D. J.; Whittaker, A. K.; Yu, C. Tailoring the Void Size of Iron Oxide@Carbon Yolk-Shell Structure for Optimized Lithium Storage. Advanced Functional Materials 2014, 24, 4337-4342.

(150) Zhang, X.; Liu, W.; Lu, X.; Gooding, J. J.; Li, Q.; Qu, K. Monitoring the progression of loop-mediated isothermal amplification using conductivity. Analytical Biochemistry 2014, 466, 16-18.

(151) Zhang, X.; Lowe, S. B.; Gooding, J. J. Brief review of monitoring methods for loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP). Biosensors & Bioelectronics 2014, 61, 491-499.

(152) Zhao, P.; Lieu, T.; Barlow, N.; Metcalf, M.; Veldhuis, N. A.; Jensen, D. D.; Kocan, M.; Sostegni, S.; Haerteis, S.; Baraznenok, V.; Henderson, I.; Lindstrom, E.; Guerrero-Alba, R.; Valdez-Morales, E. E.; Liedtke, W.; McIntyre, P.; Vanner, S. J.; Korbmacher, C.; Bunnett, N. W. Cathepsin S Causes Inflammatory Pain via Biased Agonism of PAR(2) and TRPV4. Journal of Biological Chemistry 2014, 289, 27215-27234.

(153) Zhao, P.; Metcalf, M.; Bunnett, N. W. Biased signaling of protease-activated receptors. Frontiers in Endocrinology 2014, 5, 67-67.

(154) Zhu, Y.; Soeriyadi, A. H.; Parker, S. G.; Reece, P. J.; Gooding, J. J. Chemical patterning on preformed porous silicon photonic crystals: towards multiplex detection of protease activity at precise positions. Journal of Materials Chemistry B 2014, 2, 3582-3588.

Performance

70


Performance

Chief Investigator Chris Porter uses X-ray computed tomography in his research studying the fundamentals of how drugs are absorbed and distributed to their sites of action. Monash University.

71


Financial Report 2014

Income and ExpenditureIncome 2014 ($)

ARC Income 3,826,537

Node Contribution 1,487,546

Government of South Australia, Department of State Development 100,000

Total Income 5,414,083

Expenditure 2014 ($)

Salaries 866,160

Equipment 51,809

Maintenance 4,635

Travel* 64,923

Scholarships/student support 41,716

Administration 3,084

Other 244,308

Total Expenditure 1,276,635

Balance 4,137,448

*Includes accommodation and conference expenses

In-Kind ContributionsInstitution 2014 ($)

Monash University 2,905,945

University of Melbourne 499,637

University of New South Wales 638,843

University of Queensland 285,852

University of South Australia 657,735

Australian Synchrotron 19,200

Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation 33,567

SungKyunKwan University 42,000

University of Warwick 63,400

University of Nottingham 12,400

Imperial College London 5,000

Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center 12,000

University College Dublin 3,519

University of California, Santa Barbara 10,000

Total 5,189,098

Performance

72


Key Performance IndicatorsAll outputs are measured from July – December 2014 due to the mid-year start of the CBNS.

Performance

KPI Target Actual

Number of research outputs – Journal publications 30 154

Number of research outputs – Refereed conference proceedings 5 3

Number of research outputs – Book chapters 0 3

Number of research outputs – Patents (filed) 0 1

Number of research outputs featuring cross-node co-authorship 2 6

Quality of research outputs – Peer-reviewed publications with Impact Factors >8 4 14

Quality of research outputs – Percentage peer-reviewed publications with Impact Factors >2 50% 88%

Number of invited talks / papers / keynote lectures at major international meetings (including international meetings held in Australia) 15 25

Media releases 4 9

Articles (including television and radio) 2 27

Number of professional training courses attended 3 15

Number of attendees at professional training courses 10 15

New postgraduate students (PhD and Masters) working on core Centre researchi 2 5

New postdoctoral researchers working on core Centre researchi 2 9

New Honours students working on core Centre researchii 6 0

Number of postgraduate completions 4 3

Number of Early Career Researchersiii working on core Centre research 6 26

Number of students mentored 10 13

Number of mentoring programs offered by the Centre 4 1

Number of international visitors and visiting fellowsiv 5 34

Number of national and international workshops held by Centre 1 1

Number of visits to overseas laboratories and facilities 25 34

Number of government, industry and business community briefingsv 4 6

Number of public awareness / outreach programs 3 3

Number of website hits 10,000 12,614

Number of talks given by Centre staff open to the public 5 1

Number of new organisations collaborating with the Centre 0 66

i Enrolled or appointed in the second half of 2014 ii 9 honours students commenced in the first half of 2014 iii Within 5 years of completing a PhD iv In addition to visiting fellows, 26 international students visited the CBNS in 2014 v Includes two briefings in the first half of 2014 that included briefing on the award of ARC funding and overview of the Centre

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Chief InvestigatorsProfessor Tom DavisARC Australian Laureate FellowCBNS Director Chief Investigator, Delivery Systems and Imaging TechnologiesMonash University

Professor Frank CarusoARC Australian Laureate FellowCBNS Deputy Director University of Melbourne Node LeaderChief Investigator, Delivery Systems, Imaging Technologies and VaccinesThe University of Melbourne

Professor J. Justin GoodingARC Australian Professorial Fellow Sensors and Diagnostics Theme LeaderUniversity of New South Wales Node LeaderThe University of New South Wales

Professor Stephen KentVaccines Theme LeaderChief Investigator, Delivery SystemsThe University of Melbourne

Professor Christopher PorterDelivery Systems Theme LeaderMonash University Node LeaderChief Investigator, VaccinesMonash University

Professor Andrew WhittakerARC Australian Professorial FellowImaging Technologies Theme LeaderThe University of Queensland

Professor Mark KendallUniversity of Queensland Node LeaderChief Investigator, VaccinesThe University of Queensland

Professor Nicolas VoelckerUniversity of South Australia Node LeaderChief Investigator, Delivery Systems and Sensors and DiagnosticsUniversity of South Australia

Professor Edmund CrampinSystems Biology and Computational Modelling LeaderChief Investigator, Delivery SystemsThe University of Melbourne

Dr Matthew KearnesARC Future FellowSocial Dimensions of Bio-Nano Science and Technology LeaderThe University of New South Wales

Professor Benjamin BoydARC Future FellowChief Investigator, Delivery Systems, Sensors and Diagnostics and VaccinesMonash University

Professor Nigel BunnettChief Investigator, Delivery SystemsMonash University

Professor Maria KavallarisChief Investigator, Delivery Systems and Sensors and DiagnosticsThe University of New South Wales

Professor Thomas NannARC Future FellowChief Investigator, Imaging TechnologiesUniversity of South Australia

Professor Rob PartonChief Investigator, Delivery Systems and VaccinesThe University of Queensland

Associate Professor Pall ThordarsonARC Future FellowChief Investigator, Delivery Systems and Imaging TechnologiesThe University of New South Wales

Dr Simon CorrieARC DECRA FellowChief Investigator, Sensors and DiagnosticsThe University of Queensland

Dr Angus JohnstonARC Future FellowChief Investigator, Delivery Systems and VaccinesMonash University

Dr Kristofer ThurechtARC Future FellowChief Investigator Delivery Systems, Imaging Technologies and VaccinesThe University of Queensland

CBNS Staff and Students

Additional information

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Partner InvestigatorsProfessor Nicholas AbbottJohn T. and Magdalen L. Sobota Professor, Hilldale Professor, and Director, Materials Research and Engineering Center, Chemical and Biological EngineeringUniversity of Wisconsin, Madison

Professor Cameron AlexanderHead of Division of Drug Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Faculty of ScienceThe University of Nottingham, UK

Professor Kenneth DawsonDirector of the Centre for BioNano Interactions, Chair of Physical ChemistryUniversity College Dublin, Ireland

Dr Ivan GreguricHead of RadiochemistryAustralian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Australia

Professor David HaddletonHead of Inorganic and Materials Section, Department of ChemistryUniversity of Warwick, UK

Professor Craig HawkerDirector of the California Nanosystems Institute, Dow Materials Institute, Co-Director of the Materials Research LabUniversity of California, Santa Barbara, USA

Professor Doo Sung LeeDirector Theranostic Macromolecules Research Center, Dean of College of EngineeringSungkyunkwan University, South Korea

Professor Jason LewisVice Chair for Research, Chief of the Radiochemistry and Imaging Sciences ServiceMemorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, USA

Professor Molly StevensResearch Director for Biomedical Material Sciences, Institute of Biomedical EngineeringImperial College London, UK

Research StaffDr Abbas BarfidokhtPostdoctoral Research Fellow, Sensors and DiagnosticsThe University of New South Wales

Dr Thomas BlinResearch Fellow, Delivery SystemsMonash University

Dr Miriam BrandlPostdoctoral Research Fellow, Delivery Systems and Sensors and DiagnosticsThe University of New South Wales

Dr Meritxell CanalsResearch Fellow, Delivery Systems and VaccinesMonash University

Dr Kyloon ChuaPostdoctoral Research Fellow, Sensors and DiagnosticsThe University of New South Wales

Dr Anna Cifuentes-RiusResearch Associate, Delivery SystemsUniversity of South Australia

Dr Christina Cortez-JugoResearch Fellow, Delivery SystemsMonash University

Dr Michael CrichtonPostdoctoral Fellow, Vaccines The University of Queensland

Dr Joseph CursonsResearch Fellow, Delivery Systems and Systems Biology and Computational ModellingThe University of Melbourne

Ms Ewa CzubaResearch Assistant, Delivery Systems and VaccinesMonash University

Dr Yunlu DaiResearch Fellow, Delivery Systems, Imaging Technologies and VaccinesThe University of Melbourne

Ms Jacqueline DalziellResearch Assistant, Social Dimensions of Bio-Nano Science and TechnologyThe University of New South Wales

Dr Alexandra DepelsenairePostdoctoral Fellow, VaccinesThe University of Queensland

Ms Tanya DwarteResearch Assistant and Program Officer, Delivery SystemsThe University of New South Wales

Dr Francesca ErcoleResearch Fellow, Delivery SystemsMonash University

Mr Charles FergusonResearch Assistant, Delivery Systems and VaccinesThe University of Queensland

Dr Germain FernandoPostdoctoral Fellow, VaccinesThe University of Queensland


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Dr Nicholas FletcherResearch Fellow, Delivery Systems and Imaging TechnologiesThe University of Queensland

Dr Adrian FuchsPostdoctoral Fellow, Imaging TechnologiesThe University of Queensland

Dr Yi GuoPostdoctoral Fellow, Imaging TechnologiesThe University of Queensland

Dr Bakul GuptaPostdoctoral Research Fellow, Sensors and DiagnosticsThe University of New South Wales

Dr Johan GustafssonResearch Associate, Imaging Technologies and Sensors and DiagnosticsUniversity of South Australia

Dr Zachary HoustonResearch Fellow, Delivery Systems and Imaging TechnologiesThe University of Queensland

Dr Ethan HowePostdoctoral Research Fellow, Delivery SystemsThe University of New South Wales

Dr Jinming HuResearch Fellow, Delivery SystemsMonash University

Dr Dane JensenResearch Fellow, Delivery SystemsMonash University

Ms Kathleen KimptonResearch Assistant, Delivery SystemsThe University of New South Wales

Mr Khai Tuck LeeResearch Assistant, Sensors and DiagnosticsThe University of Queensland

Dr Daniel LiResearch Fellow, Delivery Systems and Imaging TechnologiesMonash University

Dr Tinamarie LieuResearch Fellow, Delivery SystemsMonash University

Dr Jason LiuResearch Fellow, Delivery SystemsMonash University

Dr Friederike MansfeldPostdoctoral Research Fellow, Delivery SystemsThe University of New South Wales

Mr Nick MartelResearch Assistant, Delivery Systems and VaccinesThe University of Queensland

Dr Adam MartinPostdoctoral Research Fellow, Delivery SystemsThe University of New South Wales

Dr Joshua McCarrollPostdoctoral Research Fellow, Delivery Systems and Sensors and DiagnosticsThe University of New South Wales

Dr Nigel McCarthyPostdoctoral Research Fellow, Delivery SystemsThe University of New South Wales

Dr Stefano MeligaPostdoctoral Fellow, VaccinesThe University of Queensland

Dr David MullerPostdoctoral Fellow, VaccinesThe University of Queensland

Dr Rose-Marie OlssonPostdoctoral Research Fellow, Delivery SystemsThe University of New South Wales

Dr Eddy PasquierPostdoctoral Research Fellow, Delivery SystemsThe University of New South Wales

Dr Frances PearsonPostdoctoral Fellow, VaccinesThe University of Queensland

Dr Hui PengPostdoctoral Fellow, Imaging TechnologiesThe University of Queensland

Dr Daniel PooleResearch Fellow, Delivery SystemsMonash University

Dr Sela Po’uhaPostdoctoral Research Fellow, Delivery SystemsThe University of New South Wales

Dr Simon PuttickPostdoctoral Fellow, Imaging TechnologiesThe University of Queensland

Dr John QuinnSenior Research Fellow, Delivery Systems and Imaging TechnologiesMonash University

Dr Joseph RichardsonResearch Fellow, Delivery Systems, Imaging Technologies and VaccinesThe University of Melbourne


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Dr Robert de RoseResearch Fellow, Delivery Systems and VaccinesThe University of Melbourne

Dr Sharon SagnellaPostdoctoral Research Fellow, Delivery Systems and Sensors and DiagnosticsThe University of New South Wales

Dr Vivek SelukaUNSW Vice Chancellor’s Postdoctoral Research Fellow, Sensors and DiagnosticsThe University of New South Wales

Dr Alexander SoeriyadiNHMRC Early Career FellowResearch Associate, Sensors and DiagnosticsThe University of New South Wales

Ms Chelsea StewartResearch Assistant, VaccinesThe University of Queensland

Dr Hang TaPostdoctoral Fellow, Imaging TechnologiesThe University of Queensland

Ms Jennifer TrieuResearch Assistant, Delivery SystemsThe University of New South Wales

Dr Nghia TruongResearch Fellow, Delivery SystemsMonash University

Dr Warren TruongPostdoctoral Research Fellow, Delivery SystemsThe University of New South Wales

Dr Robert UtamaPostdoctoral Research Fellow, Sensors and DiagnosticsThe University of New South Wales

Dr Orazio VittorioCancer Institute NSW ECR Fellow, Delivery SystemsThe University of New South Wales

Dr James WebbPostdoctoral Research Fellow, Delivery Systems and Imaging TechnologiesThe University of New South Wales

Dr Michael WhittakerSenior Research Fellow, Delivery Systems and Imaging TechnologiesMonash University

Dr Yan YanResearch Fellow, Delivery Systems, Imaging Technologies and VaccinesThe University of Melbourne

Ms Susan YangResearch Assistant, Delivery SystemsThe University of New South Wales

Dr Daniel YuenResearch Fellow, Delivery Systems and VaccinesMonash University

Dr Elva ZhaoResearch Fellow, Delivery SystemsMonash University

Mr Jin ZhangResearch Assistant, VaccinesThe University of Queensland

Dr Yuanhui ZhengUNSW Vice Chancellor’s Postdoctoral Research Fellow, Sensors and DiagnosticsThe University of New South Wales

StudentsMr Hazem AbdelmaksoudPhD Student, Sensors and DiagnosticsUniversity of South Australia

Mr Md Mahbub AlamPhD Student, Imaging TechnologiesThe University of Queensland

Mr Nicholas AlcarazPhD Student, Delivery SystemsMonash University

Ms Swahnnya de AlmediaPhD Student, Sensors and DiagnosticsThe University of New South Wales

Mr Adit ArdanaPhD Student, Imaging TechnologiesThe University of Queensland

Ms Nicole Van der BergPhD Student, VaccinesThe University of Queensland

Mr Mattias BjornmalmPhD Student, Delivery Systems, Imaging Technologies and VaccinesThe University of Melbourne

Mr Lachlan CarterPhD Student, Sensors and DiagnosticsThe University of New South Wales


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Mr Ao ChenPhD Student, Imaging TechnologiesThe University of Queensland

Mr Jiang ChengPhD Student, Sensors and DiagnosticsThe University of New South Wales

Ms Rinku ChhasatiaPhD Student, Sensors and DiagnosticsUniversity of South Australia

Mr Jacob CoffeyPhD Student, Sensors and DiagnosticsThe University of Queensland

Mr Abbas Darestani FarahaniPhD Student, Delivery SystemsThe University of New South Wales

Mr Lars EsserPhD Student, Imaging TechnologiesMonash University

Mr Christopher FifePhD Student, Delivery SystemsThe University of New South Wales

Ms Laura FitzgeraldPhD Student, Delivery Systems and VaccinesMonash University

Ms Anna GemmellPhD Student, Delivery Systems and Imaging TechnologiesThe University of Queensland

Mr Joshua GlassPhD Student, Delivery Systems and VaccinesThe University of Melbourne

Ms Fei HanPhD Student, Sensors and DiagnosticsThe University of New South Wales

Ms Felicity HanPhD Student, Imaging TechnologiesThe University of Queensland

Mr Sifei HanPhD Student, Delivery Systems,Monash University

Mr Md Musfizur HassanPhD Student, Delivery SystemsThe University of New South Wales

Mr Robert HealeyPhD Student, Delivery SystemsThe University of New South Wales

Ms Linda HongPhD Student, Delivery Systems and VaccinesMonash University

Ms Susan IrelandPhD Student, Delivery SystemsThe University of New South Wales

Mr Wooram JungPhD Student, Delivery Systems and VaccinesThe University of Queensland

Ms Felicity KaoPhD Student, Delivery SystemsThe University of New South Wales

Mr Alistair LaosPhD Student, Delivery SystemsThe University of New South Wales

Mr Kang LiuPhD Student, Sensors and DiagnosticsThe University of New South Wales

Mr Xun LuPhD Student, Sensors and DiagnosticsThe University of New South Wales

Mr Yong LuPhD Student, Sensors and DiagnosticsThe University of New South Wales

Ms Quynh MaiPhD Student, Delivery SystemsMonash University

Mr Alexander MasonPhD Student, Delivery SystemsThe University of New South Wales

Ms Georgia MillerPhD Student, Social Dimensions of Bio-Nano Science and TechnologyThe University of New South Wales

Ms Gorjana MiticPhD Student, Delivery SystemsThe University of New South Wales

Ms Mahdie MollazadiePhD Student, Sensors and DiagnosticsThe University of New South Wales

Ms Hwee NgPhD Student, VaccinesThe University of Queensland

Ms Shehzahdi Shebbrin MoonshiPhD Student, Imaging TechnologiesThe University of Queensland

Mr Walter MuskovicPhD Student, Delivery Systems and Sensors and DiagnosticsThe University of New South Wales


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Ms Ekaterina NamPhD Student, Delivery SystemsThe University of New South Wales

Ms Amelia ParkerPhD Student, Delivery SystemsThe University of New South Wales

Mr Stephen ParkerPhD Student, Sensors and DiagnosticsThe University of New South Wales

Ms Maryam ParvezPhD Student, Sensors and DiagnosticsThe University of New South Wales

Ms Amanda PearcePhD Student, Imaging TechnologiesThe University of Queensland

Mr Ranjana PiyaPhD Student, Sensors and DiagnosticsThe University of New South Wales

Mr Pradeep RajeskharPhD Student, Delivery SystemsMonash University

Mr Samuel RichardsonPhD Student, Imaging TechnologiesThe University of Queensland

Mr Andrew RobinsonPhD Student, Delivery SystemsThe University of New South Wales

Ms Gemma RyanPhD Student, Delivery SystemsMonash University

Ms Emilia SavagePhD Student, Delivery SystemsMonash University

Mr Saimon SilvaPhD Student, Sensors and DiagnosticsThe University of New South Wales

Ms Parisa SowtiPhD Student, Sensors and DiagnosticsThe University of New South Wales

Mr Vincent TanPhD Student, Sensors and DiagnosticsThe University of New South Wales

Ms Safura TaufikPhD Student, Sensors and DiagnosticsThe University of New South Wales

Ms Joann TeoPhD Student, Delivery SystemsThe University of New South Wales

Ms Lih TiahPhD Student, Delivery SystemsMonash University

Ms Juan WangPhD Student, Delivery SystemsUniversity of South Australia

Mr Kewei WangPhD Student, Imaging TechnologiesThe University of Queensland

Mr Jonathan WeiPhD Student, VaccinesThe University of Queensland

Mr Jonathan WojciechowskiPhD Student, Delivery Systems and Imaging TechnologiesThe University of New South Wales

Mr Chin WongPhD Student, Delivery Systems and Imaging TechnologiesThe University of New South Wales

Ms Elly YuPhD Student, Delivery SystemsMonash University

Ms Leila ZareiPhD Student, Sensors and DiagnosticsThe University of New South Wales

Mr Cheng ZhangPhD Student, Imaging TechnologiesThe University of Queensland

Ms Geneviève DuchéMPhil Student, Delivery SystemsThe University of New South Wales

Mr Matthew FariaMPhil Student, Delivery Systems and Systems Biology and Computational ModellingThe University of Melbourne

Mr James GraceHonours Student, Delivery SystemsMonash University

Ms Jennifer KhonastyHonours Student, Delivery SystemsThe University of New South Wales

Ms Joanne LyHonours Student, Delivery SystemsMonash University


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Mr Kye RobinsonHonours Student, Sensors and DiagnosticsThe University of Queensland

Mr Wai Yip TanHonours Student, Delivery SystemsThe University of New South Wales

Ms Kristel TjandraHonours Student, Delivery SystemsThe University of New South Wales

Ms Christine WunHonours Student, Delivery SystemsMonash University

Mr Song Yang KhorHonours Student, Delivery SystemsMonash University

Ms Maria BastianiSummer Intern StudentUniversity of South Australia

Mr Steven ChiangSummer Intern StudentUniversity of South Australia

Ms Ksenia KarataevaSummer Intern StudentUniversity of South Australia

Ms Kerry LynnSummer Intern StudentUniversity of South Australia

Ms Julliely Da Silva CostaSummer Intern StudentUniversity of South Australia

AdministrationMs Gaby BrightCentre Manager, Chief Operations OfficerMonash University

Dr Julia CianciOperations ManagerMonash University

Ms Andrea ClareAcademic Services OfficerUniversity of South Australia

Ms Anne Ewing Senior Research AdministratorThe University of Queensland

Ms Katrina SewellCentre AdministratorMonash University


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Chief Investigator Justin Gooding develops protein and cell based diagnostic devices. University of New South Wales.

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Schematic illustration of the retention of polyethylene glycol nanoparticles in the blood stream. Reprinted with permission from ‘Engineered Poly(ethylene glycol) Particles for Improved Biodistribution’, Cui et al, ACS Nano 2015, DOI 10.1021nn5061578. Copyright 2015 American Chemical Society.


Visitors to the CBNSThe CBNS has hosted a diverse range of visitors from academia and industry during 2014. Our visitors have presented seminars and met with research staff and students to establish collaborations and to investigate potential commercialisation opportunities. We have also hosted numerous visiting students from institutes within Australia and around the world.

The following presents a list of academic, industry and student visitors to all five nodes of the CBNS during 2014.

Academic and Industry VisitorsDr Christian AmatoreDirector of ResearchCNRS and l’École Normale Supérieure, France

Professor Robin AndersonHead of Metastasis Research laboratoryPeter McCallum Cancer Centre, Australia

Professor Eduard ArztLeibniz Institute for New Materials, Germany

Professor Kishore BhakooHead of Translational Molecular Imaging GroupSingapore Bioimaging Consortion A*STAR, Singapore

Dr Bob BlouinDean Eschelman School of PharmacyUniversity of North Carolina, USA

Professor James BirchallChair in Pharmaceutical SciencesSchool of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, UK

Professor Stefan BonWarwick University, UK

Professor Robert BooyUniversity of Sydney, Australia

Dr Jane CalvertEdinburgh University, UK

Dr Jason ChaffeyPanorama Synergy, Australia

Dr Rona ChandrawatiImperial College London, UK

Professor Mark DavisWarren and Katharine Schlinger Professor of Chemical EngineeringCalifornia Institute of Technology, USA

Professor Wei DuanDeakin University, Australia

Professor Jim FalkUniversity of Melbourne, Australia

Professor Andreas FeryUniversity of Bayreuth, Germany

Professor Ian FrazerCEO and Director of ResearchTranslational Research Institute, Australia

Professor Hubert GiraultDirector of the Laboratory of Analytical and Physical ElectrochemistryÉcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Switzerland

Professor Chao GaoZhejiang University, China

Associate Professor Litong GuoChina University of Mining and Technology, China

Professor David HaddletonWarwick University, UK

Professor Junpo HeFudan University, China

Professor Stephen HillUniversity of Nottingham, UK

Professor Phil HoggUNSW, Australia

Dr Sridhar IyengarMisfit Inc California, USA

Dr Tobias KrausLeibniz Institute for New Materials, Germany

Dr Phil LearneyDirector External LicensingMerck, Australia

Professor Jason LewisDirector of Center for Molecular Imaging and NanotechnologyMemorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, USA


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Professor Lluis MaralUniversity Rovira I Virgili, Spain

Dr Damia MawadImperial College London, UK

Dr John McGheeDeputy Director of National Institute of Experimental ArtsUniversity of New South Wales, Australia

Dr Samih NabulsiDirector R&D – Asia PacificCook Medical, Australia

Dr Shalin NaikLaboratory Head in Molecular MedicineThe Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Australia

Professor Martyn NashAuckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland New Zealand

Dr Masoumeh Haghbin NazarpakAmirkabir University of Technology, Tehran Polytechnic, Iran

Dr James OsbornUniversity of Oxford and Microsoft Research Cambridge, UK

Professor Sébastien PerrierWarwick University, UK

Professor Cris PrintUniversity of Auckland, New Zealand

Professor Alison RodgerHead of Department for ChemistryWarwick University, Australia

Associate Professor Stephen RoseCSIRO, Australia

Professor Alan RowanUniversity of Nijmegen, Netherlands

Professor Michael SailorUniversity of California San Diego, USA

Dr Myrto SchaeferHead of Project UnitMédecins Sans Frontières, Australia

Professor Steve SchwendemanAra G. Paul Professor and Chair of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Michigan, USA

Dr Georgina SuchUniversity of Melbourne, Australia

Professor Sir Nigel ThriftVice-Chancellor and PresidentWarwick University, UK

Dr Renee WhanHead of Biomedical Imaging FacilityMark Wainwright Analytical Centre, UNSW, Australia

Dr Elicia WongSensorIn Inc. California, USA

Professor Linda WordemanCalifornia Institute of Technology, USA

Professor Alpha YapUniversity of Queensland

Professor Lawrence YoungPro-Vice-Chancellor (Academic Planning and Resources)Warwick University, UK

Professor Xuzhi ZhangYellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, China

Student VisitorsMr Thor AndersonTechnical University of Denmark, Denmark

Mr Anders BaelumTechnical University of Denmark, Denmark

Mr Haider BayatUniversity of Siegen, Germany

Ms Eike BrockmannUniversity of Munster, Germany

Ms Marion DussertUniversity of Montpellier, France

Ms Laura FabreUniversity of Montpellier, France

Mr Sam GainesBath University, UK

Ms Katharina GerlingReutlingen University, Germany

Mr Satyathiran GunenthiranAdelaide University, Australia

Ms Lauren GwynneUniversity of Bath, UK

Ms Claudia HagerReutlingen University, Germany

Mr Alexander HoeflichReutlingen University, Germany

Ms Sung-Ha HongBath University, UK

Ms Sathisha KamannaFlinders University, Australia


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Mr Charlie KendallBath University, UK

Ms Kuanlin KuNational Tsing Hua University, Taiwan

Mr Joris LalequeBordeaux Institute of Technology, France

Ms Stephanie Lamont-FreidrichFlinders University, Australia

Ms Audrey LebertBordeaux Institute of Technology, France

Mr Scott McCormickFlinders University, Australia

Mr Oliver Mont-JovetUniversity of Montpellier, France

Mr Thierry MoserETH Zurich, Switzerland

Mr Martin MuellerUniversity of Munster, Germany

Ms Stephanie MuellerUniversity of Siegen, Germany

Mr James NicholasBath University, UK

Ms Katie PoetzClarkson University, USA

Ms Danyu XiaZhejiang University, China

Mr Pi WangZhejiang University, China

Ms Juan WangAdelaide University, Australia

Ms Rebecca WhysallBath University, UK

Mr Naveed YasinUniversity of Auckland, New Zealand

Ms Anika Bari (Work Experience)

Ms Thao Bui (Work Experience)

Ms Angela Chilman (Work Experience)

Mr Esrom Leaman (Work Experience)


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Dr Roey Elnathan analysing an atomic force microscopy image acquired on a JPK Nanowizard 3. University of South Australia.

Collaborating Organisations

Annual Report 2014ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and TechnologyMonash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University381 Royal ParadeParkville VIC 3052, Australia

Phone: +61 3 9903 9712Email: [email protected]

www.bionano.org.au

CBNS annual report 2014

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Transcript of CBNS annual report 2014