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Transcript of Catlle breeds agb
Classification of cattle breeds
Alok Bharti
April 10, 2023 1Cattle Breeds
INDIAN DAIRY CATTLE FACTS
• Recognized Cattle breeds are 28Generally they are called as Zebu, Brahma and NandiNoble Characteristics: High potency for draft powerCapacity to sustain on agril. WorkResistant to tropical diseasesAbility to withstand higher temperaturesCapacity to utilize sparse and coarse roughages
April 10, 2023 Cattle Breeds 2
April 10, 2023 3Cattle Breeds
CLASSIFICATION OF CATTLE BREEDS
CATTLE BREEDS
Indigenous Cattle
Exotic Cattle
Based on Utility
Based on Phenotype
Milch type
Beef type
Dual type
Based on Utility
Milch TypeEx:1. Red Sindhi2. Sahiwal3. Gir4. Deoni
Draught TypeEx:1. Amritmahal2. Alambadi3. Hallikar4. Kangayam5. Khillari6. Malvi7. Nagore8. Nimari9. Ponwar10. Siri11. Bachaur12. Bargur13. Dangi14. Kenkatha15. Kherigarh
Dual TypeEx:1. Ongole2. Hariana3. Tharparkar4. Kankrej5. Rathi6. Gaolao7. Mewati8. Krishnavalley9. Nagauri
April 10, 2023 4
I Group; Lyre hornedEx: Malvi, Tharparkar,
Kenkatha, Kherigarh, Kankrej, Nagore
II group; Short hornedEx: Ongole, Hariana,
Rathi, Gaolao, Mewati, Krishnavalley, Nagauri,
Bachaur
III Group; Gir typeEx: Red SindhiSahiwal,
Gir, Deoni
IV Group; Mysore typeEx: Amritmahal, Alambadi,
Hallikar, Khillari, Kangayam, Bargur
V Group; Hill typeEx: Nimari, Ponwar,
Siri, Dangi
VI Group; Ex: Dhanni
Based on Phenotype
April 10, 2023 5Cattle Breeds
EXOTIC CATTLE BREEDS
Milch TypeEx:1. HF2. Jersey3. Brown swiss4.Ayrshire5.Guernsey
Beef typeEx:1. Short horn2. Sussex3. Aberdeen angus4. Galloway5. Herd ford
Beef typeEx:1. Short horn2. Sussex3. Aberdeen angus4. Galloway5. Herd ford
Dual typeEx:1. Short horned2. Long horned3. Welsh black4. Red Poll
Dual typeEx:1. Short horned2. Long horned3. Welsh black4. Red Poll
April 10, 2023 6Cattle Breeds
April 10, 2023 7
Red Sindhi
Breed local names Malir, Sindhi & Red Karachi
Location Karachi & Hyderabad
districts of Pakistan
Uses Milk
Breed colour
They are rich red colored,
Males are darker than females
and when mature, may be almost black on the extremities, such as the head, feet and tail.
Cattle Breeds
PERFORMANCEPERFORMANCEMinMin AvgAvg MaxMax
Parturition interval Parturition interval (day, avg)(day, avg) 443443 380380 550550
Age at first parturition Age at first parturition (month)(month) 4444 3232 5252
Age of breeding animals Age of breeding animals (avg, month)(avg, month) 22 22
Birth weight Birth weight (kg)(kg) 2121
Milk yield per lactation Milk yield per lactation (kg)(kg) 16081608 18401840 20892089
Lactation length Lactation length (day)(day) 260260 296296 330330
Milk fat Milk fat (%)(%) 4.54.58 April 2009 cattle breeds 8
April 10, 2023 9
Sahiwal
Breed local names Lola, Montgomery, Teli & Multani Location Amritsar & Ferozepur districts of Punjab Uses MILKPhysical characters
They are reddish-dun colored, sometimes pale red or brown mixed with white markings
This is an excellent dairy breed
The animals are reported to show resistance to tick borne diseases.
Cattle Breeds
CHARACTER MinMin AvgAvg MaxMax
Parturition interval (day, avg) 450450 330330 580580
Age at first parturition (month) 3939 3131 5050
Age of breeding animals (avg, month) 23 23
Birth weight (kg) 2121 2626
Milk yield per lactation (kg) 16001600 23002300 27002700
Lactation length (day) 285285 318318 375375
Milk fat (%) 4.64.6
PERFORMANCEPERFORMANCE
cattle breeds8 April 2009 10
April 10, 2023 11
Gir
Breed local names
Bhodali, Desan, Gujarati, Sorati
Location Junagarh, Bhavnagar and Amreli districts of Gujarat
Uses MILK
Physical CharactersThey are uni coloured: Red, white with black patches
This breed is known for a long breeding season
The animals are adapted to their local environment (dry, hot climate, semi-desert)
Cattle Breeds
April 10, 2023 12
Parturition interval (day, avg) 440440 Age at first parturition (month) 40Age of breeding animals (M) 2222 Birth weight (Kg) 2121
Milk yield per lactation (kg) 2110Lactation length (day) 308Milk fat (%) 4.4
Cattle Breeds
Performance information
April 10, 2023 13
Breed local names Dongarpatti, Wannera & DongariLocation Latur, Parbhani, Nanded and Osmanabad districts of
Maharashtra & Bidar district of KarnatakaUses MilchPhysical Character
They are multi coloured: spotted black & white sometimes complete white
The other visible trait , medium-sized breeds with big dewlap
Horns emerge in outward and upward direction
Cattle Breeds
Deoni
April 10, 2023 Cattle Breeds 14
1.Parturition interval (day, avg) 4652.Age at first parturition (month) 30303.Age of breeding animals (M ) 23
4.Birth weight (Kg) 2121
Milk Milk yield per lactation (kg) 1121 Lactation length (day) 299 Milk fat (%) 4.3
Performance informationPerformance information
April 10, 2023 15
OngoleBreed local names : Ongole
Location Guntur-Nellore South AP
Uses : Dual Physical Characters
They are uni coloured: white, males have grey markings on head, neck and hump and black points on the knees and pasterns of both fore and hind limbs
Short and stumpy horns, outward and backward
This breed is known for a long breeding season
Glossy white coat, hump, tail with black
switch & KAJAL appear. around eyes
Cattle Breeds
CharacterCharacter MinMin AvgAvg MaxMax
Parturition interval Parturition interval (day, avg)(day, avg) 500500 420420 720720
Age at first parturition Age at first parturition (month)(month) 4949 3838 6060
Age of breeding animals Age of breeding animals (avg, month)(avg, month) 23 23
Birth weight Birth weight (kg)(kg) 2828
Milk yield per lactation Milk yield per lactation (kg)(kg) 475475 688688 10001000
Lactation length Lactation length (day)(day) 160160 233233 270270
Milk fat Milk fat (%)(%) 4.04.0
PERFORMANCEPERFORMANCE
8 April 2009 cattle breeds 16
April 10, 2023 17
Tharparkar
Breed local names
Grey sindhi, white sindhi & ThariLocation within country
Jodhpur, Barmer & Jaisalmer of Rajasthan &Kutch of Gujarat
Uses DualBreed Characters They are uni coloured: grey, white with
neck and head dark grey The breed is well adapted to a dry hot
arid climate & desert conditions. Medium sized dewlap, large dropping ears Horns curve gradually upward and outward
with blunt points inclined inward
Cattle Breeds
April 10, 2023 18Cattle Breeds
PERFORMANCEPERFORMANCEPERFORMANCEPERFORMANCE
April 10, 2023 19
Hariana
Breed local names
Berar Ellichpuri Gaulani & Gauli Location Rohtak, Hissar and
Gurgaon districts of HaryanaUses. Dual
Physical charactersThey are uni coloured: light grey or white Other visible traits : Zebu, grey-white Short horned type They are well suited to fast road work, being able to pull a one ton load at 2 miles per hour and cover 20 miles a day
Cattle Breeds
April 10, 2023 20
Parturition interval (day, avg 483483Age at first parturition (month) 52Age of breeding animals (M) 23.3 Birth weight ( Kg) 21.7Milk informationMilk yield per lactation (kg) 997Lactation length (day) 272Milk fat (%) 5.4
Cattle Breeds
Productive performanceProductive performance
April 10, 2023 21
Kankrej
Habitat South-eastern Rann of Kutch, Gujarat and adjoining Rajasthan
Average Production Traits Phenotypic Traits
305 days Milk Yield
1785 Kg Horns Lyre or crescent shaped
Age at First Calving
34months
Colour
Grey multi coloured:black,newly born -- rusty red coloured
forequarters, hindquarters & Hump dark colour in bulls
Lactation Length
295days
Milk fat 5.0 % ForeheadLong narrow face, Prominent
thick neck
Birth weight 23 Kg Tail Long, black switch common
Cattle Breeds
April 10, 2023 22
Kangayam
Breed local names Kongu & Kanganad
Location Periyar district and its adjoining areas in Tamil Nadu
Uses Dual
Physical characters They are multi coloured: grey, white & Calves red at birth The breed is adapted to hot humid climate Horns are backward, outward, upward and slightly inwards –Mysore type
Cattle Breeds
April 10, 2023 23
PRODUCTION TRAITSAge at first parturition (month) 36Age of breeding animals (avg, month) 22 Birth weight(Kg) 21
Calving interval (Days) 350
Breed milk information
Milk yield per lactation (kg) 640Lactation length (day) 270Milk fat (%) 3.5
Cattle Breeds
April 10, 2023 24
AmritmahalLocal names : Amritmahal
Location :Hasan, Chikmagalur & Chitradurga dist.of Karnataka
Physical Characters
Bullocks are especially suited for trotting & quick transportation
They are uni coloured: grey with light markings on face and dewlap
Horns are long, emerging from top of poll in backward and upward direction ending in sharp black points
Cattle Breeds Slide 4
April 10, 2023 25
PERFORMANCE
Cattle Breeds
Min Avg Max
Parturition interval (day, avg) 578
Age at first parturition (month) 45
Age of breeding animals (avg, month) 20.8
Birth weight (kg) 19.9
Milk yield per lactation (kg) 572
Lactation length (day) 299
Milk fat (%) 5.3
April 10, 2023 26
Ponwar
Local name : PurneaPurnea
Location :Pilibhit dist. of U.PPilibhit dist. of U.P..
Uses : DraughtColour :
They are multi coloured: black with They are multi coloured: black with white markings on the forehead, dewlap white markings on the forehead, dewlap and limbs and limbs
Lyre shaped horns with pointed tipsLyre shaped horns with pointed tipsProduction Performance• Age of maturity : 18.5 M• Birth weight : 17.6 Kg• Milk yield /Lacta. :320 Kg• Lactation lenth : 155 Days• Fat (%) : 4.7
Cattle Breeds
April 10, 2023 27
Hallikar
Location : Mysore, Mandya, Bangalore, Tumkur, and Hasan districts of Karnataka
Breed charactersThey are uni coloured: dark grey
Horns are carried backwards, forwards and slightly inwards
Considered one of the premier draft breeds in India they are often raised by families who have specialized in production of Hallikar draft animals for hundreds of years
In addition to normal draft uses the breed is also used for cart racing
Cattle Breeds
April 10, 2023 28
Productive TraitsParturition interval (day, avg 600600Age at first parturition (month) 41Age of breeding animals (M) 21.3 Birth weight ( Kg) 20.0
Milk informationMilk yield per lactation (kg) 541Lactation length (day) 285Milk fat (%) 5.4
Cattle Breeds
PERFORMANCEPERFORMANCE
cattle breeds
• Dangi
8 April 2009 29April 10, 2023 29
April 10, 2023 30
EXOTIC CATTLE BREEDS
Cattle Breeds Slide 6
April 10, 2023 31
Location : The Netherlands
Physical CharactersLargest of all Exotic Dairy Breeds
Color is of black and white Black color on Head, Center of body & on Hind quarters.
White color as like two bands
1st -Just after shoulder & 2nd -Infront of hips
Holstein Friesian
Cattle Breeds
PERFORMANCE
April 10, 2023 Cattle Breeds 32
•Highest Milk Production
(Total Yield: Milk and Fat) 7,500 + kg/Lact.
• Lowest Fat Content 3.5 %
• AFC : 23-24 months
• ICP : 13-14 months
April 10, 2023 33
JERSEY
Location Channel island of jersey of great Britain
Uses : Milk
Physical charactersSmallest Exotic cattle breed Inquisitive nature Fawn-colored coat, large impressive eyes Appearance of a ring of white
color around the muzzleJerseys are noted for the highest milk fat of all dairyThey mature quickly
Cattle Breeds
PERFORMANCEPERFORMANCE
April 10, 2023 Cattle Breeds 34
Milk Production 4500 kg/Lact Highest % Butterfat: 5.5 % Highest % Protein Jerseys are considered as Economic milk producers in
India
Milk Production 4500 kg/Lact Highest % Butterfat: 5.5 % Highest % Protein Jerseys are considered as Economic milk producers in
India
April 10, 2023 35
GUERNSEY
Location : The Isle of Guernsey, a tiny island in the English Channel off the coast of France
Physical characters1. Fawn and white (“orange”)
markings; light pigment around eyes
2. Extremely calm, placid
disposition- “Family cow”
Cattle Breeds
April 10, 2023 36Cattle Breeds
•Milk Production: 6800 kg/Lact
• Fat Content: 4.5 %
•The Guernsey cow is known for producing high-butterfat, high-protein milk with a high concentration of beta-carotene.
PERFORMANCEPERFORMANCE
April 10, 2023 37
Brown Swiss
Origin: Switzerland
Physical characters
•Coloring similar to Jersey but larger framed
• Extremely popular, export to foreign countries (semen and cows)
• Breed can be traced back to one foundation cow,
“Jane of Vernon”ii
Beef Cattle Breeds
April 10, 2023 38
Performance
•Dual purpose breed Milk and Meat
•Milk Production: 6000 kg / Lact•Fat Content: 4 %
Cattle Breeds
April 10, 202339
Ayrshire
Origin: Originated from Scotland
Physical characters
Known for attractive udders and fancy appearance “ Most Beautiful cattle of world”
Intermediate size
Red and white coat
Most temperamental of dairy breedsProductive characters
• Milk yield : 5500 kg
• Milk Fat (%) : 3.9
Cattle Breeds Slide 6
April 10, 2023 40Beef Cattle Breeds
Cattle breeds
ANGUS Hereford SHORTHORN MURRAY GREY
TEXAS LONGHORN pinzgauer BELGIAN BLUE
CHARLOIS LIMOUSIN MAINE-ANJOU simmental
CHiAnina AMERICAN BRAHMAN Beefmaster
brangus RED brangus SANTA GERTRUDIS
OTHER 5/8 – 3/8 Brahman crosses
Beef Cattle Breeds 41
ANGUSBritish breed
Scotland
Polled
Small calves
Early maturing
Red (Recessive)
Black
39
April 10, 2023
Beef Cattle Breeds 42
HerefordHereford County England
Red/Brown Body
White face & white underline
Imported 1817
Polled developed in Iowa 1902
Polled
Horned
39
April 10, 2023
Beef Cattle Breeds 43
SHORTHORNNE coast of England
Red – White – Roan
Imported 1870
Horned or Polled
Milking Shorthorn (Dairy Breed)
39April 10, 2023
Beef Cattle Breeds 44
MURRAY GREYDeveloped in Australia from Angus bull plus Shorthorn cow
Light silver to chocolate or dun grey
Dark skin helps prevent cancer eye
Polled - easy calving - docile
39April 10, 2023
Beef Cattle Breeds 45
TEXAS LONGHORNTexas from Spanish cattle
Variations of colors and patterns
Lanky bodies with long legs and feet built for speed
Small calves at birth
Horns 6 feet or more
39
April 10, 2023
Beef Cattle Breeds 46
pinzgauer
Austria 1600’sHorned or Polled Hardy – DocileEasy calving abilityPigmented skin under a chestnut red coat and white markings on the back, tail and barrel
39April 10, 2023
Beef Cattle Breeds 47
BELGIAN BLUE
Heavy muscled
Calving problems
39
April 10, 2023
Beef Cattle Breeds 48
OTHER BREEDS
Scotch Highland
White Park
39
April 10, 2023
Beef Cattle Breeds 49
CHARLOISFrance – imported 1960’sWhiteHorned or PollLarge framesHeavy muscleCalving problemsCrossbreeding programs
39April 10, 2023
Beef Cattle Breeds 50
LIMOUSINFrance
Wheat – Rust – Black
Horned or Poll
Good carcass quality
Reproduction good
39April 10, 2023
Beef Cattle Breeds 51
MAINE-ANJOUFrance (Mancelle X Shorhorn)
1969 Nebraska
Red coats spotted with white and some black
Large, well-muscled with good feed efficiency
Heat and cold tolerant
B&B Cattle Co. Normangee, TX39
April 10, 2023
Beef Cattle Breeds 52
simmentalSimmen Valley in Berner Oberland, Switzerland.
Pale gold to dark reddish brown – Head usually white
Very docile - Easy to manage
High fertility – Hardy - Good mothering/milking ability
39April 10, 2023
Beef Cattle Breeds 53
CHiAninaOne of the oldest breeds - Central Italy
United States; 1971
White to steel gray with black pigmented skin
Well-defined muscling used for draft - meat
Not noted for their milk
39
April 10, 2023
Beef Cattle Breeds 54
AMERICAN BRAHMAN
Developed in U.S. from India cattle
Light gray or red to almost black
Long productivity life
Resists many diseases & insects
Temperature tolerant
39
April 10, 2023
Beef Cattle Breeds 55
BeefmasterSouth Texas 1931¼ Hereford ¼ Shorthorn ½ Brahman (Composite breed)Strong maternal traitsHeat, drought and insect resistantNo set color pattern but are generally light red to dark red and some will have white mottle on their faces.
39
April 10, 2023
Beef Cattle Breeds 56
brangusUSDA Experiment Station at Jeanerette, Louisiana 1912
3/8 Brahman by 5/8 Angus
Black - Poll - Heat Tolerance
Docility – Muscularity - Early Puberty
Maternal Strengths - Mothering Ability
39
April 10, 2023
Beef Cattle Breeds 57
RED brangus3/8 Brahman by 5/8 Angus
Solid red – Polled
Other characteristics similar to the (Black) Brangus
39April 10, 2023
Beef Cattle Breeds 58
SANTA GERTRUDISKing Ranch – Kingsville, TX
5/8ths Shorthorn and 3/8ths Brahman
Red – Horned or Polled
Harsh ranching climates
Mr. Double TT 79/2 Intimidator
National Champion Bull Calf
39
April 10, 2023
Beef Cattle Breeds 59
OTHER 5/8 – 3/8 Brahman crosses
Simbrah
Charbray39
39April 10, 2023
April 10, 2023 60Beef Cattle Breeds