Catalyst

End

Which tastes the strongest?

Justify – TPS

• Why did the cup you picked taste the strongest? What was different about it from the other cups?

Lecture 3.4 – Solution Chemistry

Today’s Learning Targets• LT 3.5 – I can identify the solute and solvent in a

given solution. • LT 3.6 – I can calculate the molarity and percent

composition of a solution and discuss what the final concentration indicates.

• LT 3.10 – I can analyze a substances molarity and determine the number of grams of a compound that are contained within a solution.

How do we describe solutions?

I. Solute and Solvent

• The solvent is the substance in which the solute is dissolved and is primary ingredient in a solution.

• The solute is the substance that is dissolved in the solvent.

II. Solute and Solvent• Water is the universal solvent. • If ever there is a solution that is water and

another compound, then the solvent is always water.

How do we calculate molarity?

I. Concentration

• The concentration of a solution is the amount of a particular substance in a given quantity of solution.

II. Molarity• Molarity is a concentration unit of a solution

expressed as moles of solute dissolved per liter of solution.

Class Example

• I have 72 g of HCl that I dissolved in 4 L of solution. What is the molarity of this final solution?

Table Talk• In order to torture this gummy bear you need

you make a solution of KClO3 you dissolve 1,220 g of KClO3 in 1 L of water. What is the molarity of your final solution?

SUMMARIZE

White Board Races

Question 1

• You have a solution that is sugar dissolved in water. What is the solute in this solution?

Question 2

• You have a solution of naphthalene dissolved in methanol. What is the solvent?

Question 3

• You have 82 g of NaOH and you dissolve it in 4 L. What is the molarity of the solution?

Question 4

• You have 52 g of H2SO4 dissolved in 0.5 L. What is the molarity of the solution?

Question 5

• You have 52 g of CaCl2 dissolved in 0.1 L. What is the molarity of the solution?

How do we determine grams from molarity?

I. Hold Up! We Can Work in Reverse

• We can work backwards if we have a molarity and volume of solution.

• From this we can determine both the moles and mass of our solute Molarity of

the solution

Molar Mass of solute

Class Example

• If you have a 3 L of a 0.6 M solution of AgNO3, then what mass of AgNO3 is contained in this solution?

Table Talk

• If all the water in 430 mL of a 0.45 M NaCl solution evaporates, what mass of NaCl remains?

How do we calculate percent composition?

I. Percent Composition

• Percent composition conveys the concentration in terms of percent of solute in a solution.

Class Example

• A 4 g sugar cube (Sucrose: C12H22O11) is dissolved in a 350 g of water. What is the percent composition by mass of the sugar solution that is created?

Table Talk

• You have 5 moles of NaCl and you dissolve this in 500 g of water, what is the concentration of this solution in terms of percent composition?

SUMMARIZE

Connect 4

• With a partner you will be using the connect 4 sheet to practice problems.

• Silently read through the directions on the sheet in front of you

Closing TimeClosing Time• Homework 3.6 due Tuesday/Wednesday