Castles Project
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Transcript of Castles Project
Motte and Bailey CastlesStrengths WeaknessesCheap Made with wood which meant
that they could be burned or chopped down
Quick and easy to make
Could be easily penetrated from all sidesWater-filled ditches could be easily crossed.
11th CenturyTimber Tower on Motte
Motte
Water-filled ditches
Bailey
Detached Kitchen
Stables and Barns
Stone gate tower
Timber stockade on earth bank
Chapel
Hall
Stone-built Chamber block
Motte and Bailey Castles were designed in the 11th century by William the Conqueror to control villages and protect his men from any rebellious villains or peasants. He needed to make castles quickly as he didn't have much time so he started constructing Motte and Baileys all over the country because they didn't need the two things that William didn't have; time and money.
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This castle began when lords with time, money and a suitable amount of land started extending their baileys and demolishing the motte before knocking down the wooden keep replacing it with a stone square one, enlarging the water-filled ditches to make a moat, adding a drawbridge and a fortified entrance called a barbican, and building tall stone walls with square towers all around that were called curtain walls in the place of the timber stockade/fence. These were so thick that they had space for patrolling soldiers to walk along the top or shoot down arrows from. One way to siege this castle was to undermine the corners of the square towers which were weak. This castle was designed to protect the lords from sieges from large armies.
Stone/Square Keep Castles
Strengths WeaknessesMade of stone which meant that they couldn’t be burned down
Could be undermined
Had towers to shoot arrows from ExpensiveHad a moat and barbican for extra layered protection Took long to build
12th CenturyKeep
Moat
Barbican
Drawbridge
Great Hall
Bailey
Stone walls
Square Towers
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Concentric Castles13th Century
Strengths WeaknessesHad round towers which meant that they couldn’t be underminedHad a double layer of wallsWas impenetrableHad water defences
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Inner Bailey
Outer Bailey
Moat
Keep
Round towers
Inner wall
Gatehouse
Curtain wall
BarbicanDrawbridge
This type of castle was designed to improve stone/square keeps and defend the lord from any siege attacks. The idea of a concentric castle was brought back by English knights from the Middle East, Jerusalem. They had round towers instead of square ones and couldn’t be undermined as well as having a double layer of walls with towers: an inner wall and a curtain wall which could be up to 5 metres thick. The inner bailey was mainly empty as the keep, storehouse, hall and other buildings were built up against the walls.
‘A Castle within a Castle’
The TrebuchetArm
Pivot pointCounterweight
Projectile Holder
String Trigger
Designed to fire things like rocks, limestone and rotting animal corpses at or into the castle
The Siege Tower
Front View Rear View
Ladders
Storeys
Ramp
Animal skins
Designed for soldiers to cross over castle walls and into the castle itself, and protect and hide them from arrows.
Mining the Walls
How did Castles change overtime?