CASTE VALIDITYVARNA SYSTEM IN INDIA

BramhanKshatriyaVaishaShudraPanchaw

MAHARASHTRAReligion and Population (2001)

Group Total Population

Hindu 7,78,59,385

Muslim 1,02,70,485

Buddhist 58,38,710

Jain 13,01,843

Christian 10,58,313

Sikh 2,15,337

RELIGIOUS SECT.The Nath Sect. Virshaiva or Lingayat sect. Datta Sect. Mahanubhav Sect. Varkari Sect.Samartha Sect.

CASTEWISE CENSUS OF 1931 (by T.J.Jutton) CENSUS OF INDIA MAJOR CASTE AND IT’S

POPULATION(Includes Western Maharashtra Vidarbha and Marathwada )

( More than 1.00 lakh only )

Sr. No. Caste Population

1 Brahman 7,81,448

2 Rajput 2,59,750

3 Vani Marwadi 3,30,514

4 Agri 2,58,605

5 Maratha 53,13,872

6 Kunbi 23,98,158

7 Mali 7,30,799

8 Dhangar / Hatkar 4,31,035

9 Bhoi 2,44,189

10 Koli 3,25,234

Sr. No. Caste Population

11 Vanjari 2,13,040

12 Yadav 1,80,682

13 Gowari 1,28,215

14 Teli 4,46,022

15 Khoshti 1,88,947

16 Nhavi - Hajam 1,91,546

17 Lingayat 2,15,144

18 Kumbhar 1,57,244

19 Sonar 2,25,120

20 Shimpi- Darji 1,17,048

Sr. No. Caste Population

21 Sutar 1,59,481

22 Lohar 1,20,457

23 Dhobi- Parit 1,31,043

24 Mahar- Holiya 13,62,003

25 Mang- Madiya 5,35,557

26 Chambhar- Mochi 2,65,924

27 Dhor, Bhangi, Mehetar 50,000

CLASSIFICATION OF BACKWARD CLASSES

First made in Bombay Primary Education Rules 1924. In 1928 Government appointed a Committee under the Chairmanship of

Mr. O.H.B. State. This Committee consisted 10 members including Dr.Babasaheb

Ambedkar, (then M.L.C.) Shri. Thakkar Bappa, Shri Antrolikar

amongst them. The Committee had submitted it report in 1930, and published in

July 1930.

Mr. Starte Committee recommended 3 main classification

i) Advanced

ii) Inter mediate and

iii) Backward

Backward was divided in to three

a) Depressed Classes

b) Aboriginal and Hill tribes

c) Other Backward Class.

Thus, first list was published in 29 May 1933.

Prior to Mr. Starte CommitteeThe Gazzette of Karvir ( Kolhapur ) State

26th July 1902.

“ His highness is pleased to direct that from the date of this order 50% of the vacancies shall be filled by recruits from among the backward classes”

The backward classes shall be understood to mean all castes other than Brahmins, Prabhus, Shenwis, Parsees and other advance classes.

By.Order of His Highness the (K.N.Pandit )

Chhatrapati Maharaj Acting Diwan

JOURNEY OF LIST

Sr. No.

G.R. No. Classification Total

1. Govt. of Bombay

29 May 1933

Schedule 1

Depressed classes 47

Schedule 2

Aboriginal & Hill tribe 29

Schedule 3

O.B.C. 125

201

2. Govt. of Bombay Schedule A

Intermediate 228

Schedule B

S.C. A & H.T. OBC

49 29 130436

3. Govt. of Bombay Schedule Caste 36

Schedule Tribe 24

OBC

160 220

4. Govt. of Maharashtra 26 May 2006

S.C. S.T. V.J N.T. OBC SBC

59 48 14 37 341 05 554

CRITERIA FOR DECLARING ANY COMMUNITY

1 Scheduled Caste Exterme Social, Educational and Economic backwardness arising out of the traditional practice of untouchables.

2 Scheduled Tribe Primitive traits, distinctive culture, geographical isolation, shyness of contact.

3 Vimukta Jatis Which were included in criminal tribes Act 1897and 1924.

4 Nomadic Tribes Wandering from place to place.

5 O.B.C. Educationally economical backward and low social position in caste hierarchy.

6 S.B.C. Difficult to give S.T. status Govari stampede.

NATIONAL LEVEL COMMISSION FOR OBC

1. First Commission for OBC was set up by Govt. of India under the Chairmanship of Kaka Kalelkar.

2. This Commission submitted its report on March 3, 1955, with five members recorded notes of dissent, and three opposing linking caste with reservation.

3. This report was not implemented.

4. Memorandums of Action taken on the report laid in parliament.

5. However, in Maharashtra some states reservation to OBC was implemented.

In 1978, Mandal Commission was set up by Government of India. Shri. B.P. Mandal was the chairman of the Commission.Commission submitted its report in 1980. After acceptance of the report some petitions were admitted in the

Supreme Court. W.P. No. 930/90 India Sahani v/s Govt. of India and others.On 16 November 1992, Hon.ble Supreme Court has issued directions.As per directions Prof. Mutatkar Committee was set up in 1993.In 1995 regular State Commission for Backward Class was set up in Maharashtra and in other States.At Government of India level National Backward Classes Commision was set up.Justice Khatri (Rtd. High Court Judge) was the Chairman of State Commission alongwith 5 members.

CASTE CERTIFICATES & VALIDITY

•Castes Certificates are issued by the Deputy Collector / SDO and not below of this rank.•In Maharashtra for Social and Tribal Welfare there was a State level Committee.•Then there was a separate Committee and each for Social and Tribal Welfare.•For Social Welfare Six Committees were established division wise.•At present there are 15 Committees working for SC, OBC, VJNT & SBC caste verifications.•The process of issue of CVC has taken a tremendous speed due to online submission and proper coordination.

CASTE VERIFICATION AND SCRUTINY

• Special leave Petition (Civil) No. 14767 of 1993 and Civil Appeal No. 5854 of 1994, Madhuri Patil V/s Additional Tribal Commissioner, Thane and Others in Supreme Court.•The Hon.ble Supreme Court has given the detailed procedure to be followed.•In Para 13 of the judgment the Hon.ble Supreme Court has stated 15 items to be considered.

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1. Social Status Certificate to be issued not below the rank of Deputy Collector.

2. Required document submission on affidavit3. Application to be submitted six months in advance

of admission in College.4. State Government shall constitute a Committee5. Each Committee should have a vigilance cell.6. Hearing of candidate for claims

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7. If report is true Social Status Certificate to be issued.

8. Notice to the parents of minor.

9. Enquiry should be completed expeditiously

10. If delayed, provisional admission can be given.

11. Order passed by the Committee shall be final and subject to the proceedings under Article 226 of the Constitution.

12. No suit or other proceedings before any other authority should lie.

13. The Hon.ble High Court would dispose of these cases as expeditiously as possible.

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14. If found false provisions of prosecution. It involves moral turpitude.

15. If certificate is false, it should be communicated to the educational institution and concerned establishment.

PROBLEMATIC TO DECIDE

• Burud - Sr.No. 8 SC• Bedar – Sr.No. 10 SC• Bedajangam – Sr.No. 9 SC• Budgajangam – Sr.No. 9 SC• Jangam – OBC 18• Mala Jangam – SC 4• Lingder- SC 34• Lingayat – Open• Bhamta – VJ 3• Bhamti – VJ – 3

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• Bhamta, Bhantichor, Pardesh – OBC 220• Rajput Bhamta, Pardeshi Bhamta, Pardeshi

Bhamti – VJ 10.• Dhanwar – NT 29• Dhanwar – ST • Mulsim Castes• Newly added Castes• Modi Language• Migration cases’• Conversion cases.

Notable Court Judgments

• Pushpkant Mhatre V/s Mandakini Mhatre (Wadwal- Mali).

• Kantabai Ingole V/s Rathod

• Prakash Patil V/s Bulbule

• Tilwankar V/s Khadekar

• Jagannath Hole V/s State.

References

1. Gazetteers Department Government of Maharashtra.

2. Maharashtra Land and its people

3. Census of India 1931

4. Caste in India – J.H. Hutton

5. The First Farmers of the Deccan- M K Dhavalikar.

6. Dr. Iravati Karve – Maharashtra

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Old Record & Libraries

1. Department of Archives a) Mumbai, (b) Pune ( c) Aurangabad (d)

Nagpur (e) Jabalpur (f) Hyderabad2. Libraries :

a) All Government District Libraries (b) Asiatic Society, Mumbai (c ) Gokhale Institute of Politics and Economic, Pune (d) Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute (e) V K Rajwade Library, Dhule.

• B.M. Tayade

9422308739

tayade.bm@gmail.com

•THANKS