Case Overview: New York City Electronic Health Record (EHR) Implementation
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Transcript of Case Overview: New York City Electronic Health Record (EHR) Implementation
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Case Overview: New York City Electronic Health Record (EHR) Implementation
Source: NYC Tourist
Laura PitarysKeio UniversityMarch 11, 2014
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Main PointsThe New York City EHR program’s success:
1. Targeted approach2. Strong government support in
implementation and funding3. Public Health objectives4. Transparency in results5. Innovative pilots
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AgendaNYC Health Policy Overview Primary Care Information Project (PCIP)
OverviewPCIP Mission and ObjectivesAddressing Privacy and Security IssuesPCIP Funding and FinancingEvaluations, Results and ChallengesLooking Forward/Next Steps
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Hurricane Sandy: October 29, 2012
Source: New York Daily News
Source: NYC DOHMH
$50B damage in the US117 lives lostSources: CDC and NHC
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New York City Health Policy Environment
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Health Snapshot
Population
• Roughly 8.3M residents in 2012
Poverty
• 21.2% of New York City residents fall under the poverty line in 2012.
Sources: NYC Department of City Planning,, NY Times, United Hospital Fund and NYC DOHMH.
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Health Snapshot
Medical Access
• Approximately 1.2M uninsured in NYC in 2009
Health
• 650,000 NYers have diabetes and another 1M are pre-diabetic.
• 15.5% of adults smoke.
Sources: NYC Department of City Planning,, NY Times, United Hospital Fund and NYC DOHMH.
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Medically Underserved Areas in NYC
Sources: US Dept. of Health and Human Services and New York World
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NYC Primary Care Information Project Overview
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Terms• New York City Department of
Health and Mental Hygiene• Municipal public health agency
funded by tax payers
NYC DOHM
H
• Primary Care Information Project
• EHR program managed by DOHMH
PCIP
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Terms
• EHR software vendor selected by DOHMH
eClinical-Works
• Regional Healthcare Information Organization
• Collaborative groups of providers working on EHR interoperability.
RHIO
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Terms, cont.
• Health insurance for elderly Americans
Medicare
• Health insurance for low income Americans
Medicaid
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Terms, cont.• System that has the ability to
connect/interact with other systems (e.g. EMR, pharmacy, lab, other EHR, etc.)
EHR
• Interface that allows patients to view their own medical data and add/modify some data.
PHR
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Background
Program ObjectiveAddresses Public Health Concerns
Timeline2005-present
Policy AdvocatesMayor Bloomberg and Commissioner Frieden
ProjectPrimary Care Information Project
SponsorNYC Department of Health
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Criteria: The Key to PCIP is Point of Care & Preventive Care
Outpatient Inpatient
Diagnosis
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Criteria: Those most in need of medical care
Requirement: Primary Care providers (outpatient)
Serving low income neighborhoods, or
Minimum 10% Medicaid (or uninsured patients), and
Correctional Health facilities (e.g. Rikers Island jails)
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Public Policy ObjectivesPCIP was intended to help improve
preventative care, particularly those at risk for chronic diseases.
Areas of health policy concern in NYC include: obesity, Type II diabetes, cardiovascular health, high blood pressure and smoking cessation.
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Public Policy Objectives
The PCIP metrics were aligned with the public health Take Care New York (TCNY) core areas (strategic health policy priorities).
TCNY
PCIP
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• Quality health care for all
• Be tobacco free
• Be heart healthy
• Healthy neighbor-hoods
• Exercise & healthy eating
• Stop the spread of HIV & STIs
• Recognize & treat depression
• Reduce alcohol & drug use
• Prevent & detect cancer
• Raise healthy children
Take Care
New York
2012
Priorities
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EHR ImplementationNYC Dept. of Health (DOHMH) chose one
EHR vendor for implementation.
eClinicalworks, the selected vendor, had a successful track record when Massachusetts providers were given an option in the Mass. EHR initiative.
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EHR Implementation
Source: IDC Health IT Strategy 2012
Small Practice EHR
Vendors
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Hospitals, Clinics, other care facilities(connected through RHIOs)
Specialists (including behavioral health)
Primary Care Providers for Medically Underserved
(including Correctional Health facilities)
Evolution of EHRs
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NYC PCIP Mission and Objectives
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System reads patient data and gives providers suggested interactions or potential at-risk for chronic disease.
Ability to aggregate data to evaluate the quality of preventive care as well communicable disease outbreaks.
Patients are able to see lab results, prescriptions and make appointments and communicate with doctor online.
Patient Centered Approach
Clinical Decision Support
Clinical Quality Improvement
PCIP Mission
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EHR Capabilities
PCIPPatient(PHR)
Pharmacy Labs
Provider
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EHR Capabilities
PCIPPatient(PHR)
Pharmacy Labs
Primary ProviderHospitals /
Specialists
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EHR Capabilities
EHR
EMR
PHR
Labs
Rx
PM
Claim
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Patients are able to see lab results, prescriptions and make appointments and communicate with doctor online.
Patient Centered Approach
Patient Centered Approach
Patients are encouraged to educate themselves about their health and actively manage any conditions.
Email communication with doctors is enabled as are scheduling capabilities and prescription refill requests.
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Patient PortalAccount Information Intake Forms Messages
Appointments Reminders
Requests Medical Records Education Materials
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Patient Portal Snapshot
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Patient Portal Snapshot
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Patient Portal Snapshot
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Ability to aggregate data by clinic/hospital to evaluate the quality of preventive care as well communicable disease outbreaks.
Clinical Quality Improvement
Clinical Quality Improvement
Pay-for-performance (P4P) based on effective utilization of the system
Medicine recall alerts: Alerts sent from the Department of Health to providers through EHR system.
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Clinical Quality Improvement
Comparative dashboard reports available to clinicians by PCIP.
No identifiable patient data is transmitted to the Dept. of Health!
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Dashboard
Source: DOHMH
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Dashboard Details
Source: DOHMH
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System reads patient medical history and data and gives medical providers suggested interactions or potential at-risk for chronic disease.
Clinical Decision Support
Clinical Decision Support System (CDSS)
Based on clinical and demographic information entered (e.g. patient with chronic disease), the system requires prompts for additional questions/information.
The system stores the answers to prompted questions, lab results, prescription information and vital signs.
Alerts for missing data.
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Clinical Decision Support
An example of the parameters for Type II diabetics is: At least 18 years of age and Body Mass Index of > 25, > 22 if Asian and Pre-diabetes diagnosis (i.e., fasting plasma
glucose: 100-125 mg/dL, oral glucose tolerance test: 140-199mg/dL, or A1C: 5.7-6.4%)
Source: NYC Department of Health and Mental Hygiene
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EHR Results & Effectiveness
Source: NYC Department of Health and Mental Hygiene
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EHR Results & Effectiveness
Source: NYC Department of Health and Mental Hygiene
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NYC PCIP: Issues of Privacy and Security
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Privacy Issues• Health Insurance Portability
and Accountability Act of 1996 (Federal Law)
• Sets national standards for patient security/privacy
HIPAA
• Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act (2009)
• Funding for EHR adoption and breach laws
HITECH
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Privacy Issues
HIPAA / HITECH
Admin. Simplifica
tion
PrivacySecurity
Enforcement
Brea
ch N
otific
ation
New York State Public Health Law also has its own provisions on patient privacy.
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Privacy Law Impacts on EHRExamples of EHR privacy/security setting
from PCIP.Session Time-Out Authentication Lock-
Out
Alpha-Numeric Passwords
Minimum Length Passwords
Source: New York City DOHMH.
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Privacy Law Impacts on EHR, Cont.
Examples of EHR privacy/security setting from PCIP.
Audit Trails Role-based access
Patient ability to opt-in/out of HIE Data security policies
Source: New York City DOHMH.
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Privacy EnforcementFines
Monetary Fines of $100 - $50,000 per violation
Annual Max
Maximum calendar year penalty is $1.5M
Prevention
Education and training on HIPAA & HITECH rules, appropriate EHR uses.
Data breaches of 500+ must be reported to media outlets and affected patients.
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Electronic Consent Forms
Source: Housing Works.
Practices are able to customize the content of the Practice
Consent Form.
In New York, a patient must opt-in and actively consent to care.
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NYC PCIP: Funding and Financing
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Subsidies: How much and from whom?
Funding Source PurposeCity Tax Levy Start-Up; implementation; software and hardware
State Interoperability and EHR extension
Federal “Stimulus” funds for interoperability & EHR usage
Private P4P; evaluations; extension pilots
Medicaid / Medicare
Incentives and penalties for meaningful use of EHR
Other Funds that did not make is into the City coffers, but that are used to support regional EHR implementation (e.g. State funds, RHIOs, etc.)
The original funding for PCIP was City Tax Levy ($30M).
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Who pays for what?Item PCIP ProviderInitial Hardware √Initial Software √Implementation Support, Training
√
On-going Software fees
√
On-going maintenance
√
Internet connections
√
Replacement hardware
√
Patients pay nothing for the system or access to the patient portal
Providers pay a $4,000 contribution to offset the costs of implementation and training.
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NYC PCIP: Results, Challenges and Achievements
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EHR Results & Effectiveness
54 Clinics
63 Community Health Centers
31 Large
Practices
1,064 Small Practices
Source: NYC Department of Health and M
ental Hygiene
Over 4 Million Patients
Over 9,000 providers
Note: 3,200 providers and 3+ million patients through initial PCIP program. Extension programs have reached additional providers.
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EHR Results & Effectiveness
Source: NYC Department of Health and Mental Hygiene
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NYC EHR: Moving Forward
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EHR
EMRPH
R
Labs
Pharmac
y
PM Claims
EHR
EMRPHR
Labs
Pharmacy
PM Claims
EHR
EMRPH
R
Labs
Pharmacy
PM Claims
Interoperable Technology (RHIOs/CCR)
CCR (XML format): Header Patient Identifying Information Patient Financial and Insurance
Information Health Status of the Patient Care Documentation Care Plan Recommendation
EHR InteroperabilityPatient Matching done by: Name DOB Gender RHIOs have internal unique
identifiers within their systems
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EHR Next Steps Macroscope Pilot: Using aggregate EHR data to
track chronic diseases in real time and allow policy makers to react more quickly to changes trends.
PEEK (Patient Education and Engagement Kiosk) Pilot: Tablets in waiting rooms for patients to access PHRs and educational information.
Follow-up calls to patients who have certain conditions and have not seen a doctor in the recommended timeframe
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Success Factors and Challenges
Success
Pay For Performance Incentives
Implementation support and training
Funding to offset risk
Commitment from government
Transparent Results
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Success Factors and Challenges
Challenges
Interoperability
Expanding network
Maintaining Data Integrity
Sample Data and Population
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“ . . . Ensuring every New Yorker, regardless of income, has access to best healthcare possible. We really can make a difference if we work together.”
- Mayor Michael Bloomberg, 2013
Photo: Harvard Magazine
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Thank you