Case 5.2 group 5 hassan alibrahim sn 42
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Transcript of Case 5.2 group 5 hassan alibrahim sn 42
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Case: 5.2 Anaphylactic shock
Hassan Alibrahim
SN 42
213121096
Tutor group 5
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Learning objectives
Hypersensitivity mechanism (Cause of redness and swelling).
Histamine and its role in our body Anaphylactic shock1. - Shortness of breath.2. - Low blood pressure 3. - Raised heart rates4. - Swollen tight stomach vasoconstrictors & vasodilators and their
effects in our circulation Management of Anaphylactic shock
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Difficult words
Urticaria
Angioedema
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Angioedema : is the swelling of deep dermis,
subcutaneous, or mucosa due to vascular
leakage ( deeper )
Urticaria (hives): is a common skin condition
characterized by acute development of itchy
wheals or swelling in the skin due to leaky
dermal vessels ( commonly upper part of
dermis)
They usually indicate to allergy
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Hypersensitivity type 1
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Histamine and its role in our
body neurotransmitter
involved in the inflammatory response
produced by basophils and by mast
cells
Histamine increases the permeability
of the capillaries
Increasing the permeability will cause
the fluid to leak in the tissues and this
will cause the BP to decrease. ↓
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Anaphylaxis
Anaphylaxis is a serious
allergic reaction that is
rapid in onset and may
cause death. It typically
causes a number of
symptoms including an
itchy rash, throat swelling,
and low BP . Common
causes include insect
bites/stings, foods, and
medications.
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Shortness of breath.
Smooth muscle contraction of the
airway (by histamine)
bronchospasm –> difficulty in
breathing
Permeability of blood vessels will
increase, some fluid may leak in the
lungs.
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Low blood pressure
Vasodilation will decrease the
total Peripheral resistance which will
cause the BP to decrease
BP = CO TPR
the fluid leakage will also decrease the
CO
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Raised heart ratesDecrease
in BP
Powerful stimulation of NS
Vasoconstriction in most tissues
Increase TPR
Veins and
venous reservoir constrict
Maintaining adequate
VR
Increase in heart activity
HR 160-180
beats/min
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Swollen tight stomach
Angioedema and fluid leakage
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vasoconstrictors & vasodilators and their
effects in our circulation
Vasoconstriction is the narrowing of the blood
vessels resulting from contraction of the muscular
wall of the vessels
Increases Peripheral resistance
Vasodilation (or vasodilatation) refers to the
widening of blood vessels. It results from relaxation
of smooth muscle cells within the vessel walls
Decreses the Peripheral resistance
They are important to maintain the BP and the
temperature of the body
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The best treatment is prevention. Avoidance of
triggering foods may require almost obsessive self-
discipline.
Desensitization has a well-established place in the
management of this disorder, especially if exposure is
unpredictable/unavoidable such as insect stings.
Management
Patient education is necessary and many are instructed
in self-administration of adrenalin and carry pre-loaded
syringes (needles)
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Management of Anaphylactic shock
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references
http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/135
208-overview
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Thank u, any question ?