CARTRIDGE

SANDIP KUMAR SINGHROLL - 124

A cartridge packages the bullet, gunpowder and primer into a single metallic case precisely made to fit the firing chamber of a firearm .

1.SHOTGUN CARTRIDGE

2.RIFLE CARTRIDGE

SHOTGUN CARTRIDGE

IT CONSISTS OF A METAL CYLINDER WHICH IS CONTINUOUS WITH A CARDBOARD OR PLASTIC CYLINDER

THE CASE IS RIMMED WHICH KEEPS THE CARTRIGE CORRECTLY IN THE CHAMBER AND FACILITATES EXTRACTION.

1. KEEPS THE VARIOUS COMPONENTS IN PLACE

2. PREVENTS THE BACKWARD ESCAPE OF GASES

3. PROVIDES WATERPROOF CONTAINER FOR GUN POWDER

CASE

THE LENGTH OF CARTRIDGE VARIES FROM 5 TO 7 CMS

FILLING OF CARTRIDGE FROM BASE ARE :-

1. PERCUSSION CAP

2. GUN POWDER

3. FELT WAD WITH CARDBOARD DISC

4. THE SHOT

5. RETAINING CARDBOARD DISC

TYPES• GLAZED BOARD• STRAW BOARD• PLASTIC • CORK• FELT • ETC

WADS

SHAPE• DISC SHAPED

• CUP SHAPED

• BIZZARE SHAPED

WADS

THE DIAMETER OF WADDING USED IN THE CARTRIDGE IS GREATER THAN THAT OF THE BORE OF THE GUN.

WAD ACTS AS THE PISTON AND SEALS THE BORE COMPLETELY THUS PREVENTING THE EXPANDING GASES FROM ESCAPING AND DISTURBING THE SHOT CHARGE.

WADS

THE WAD CONTAINS GREASE WHICH LUBRICATES THE BORE AFTER FIRING OF EACH ROUND

THE GUN POWDER IS PROTECTED FROM GREASE BY THIN GREASE PROOF CARD WAD

WADS

THE SHOT CONSISTS OF SEVERAL HUNDRED SMALL LEAD SHOTS .

NUMBER DEPENDS ON :-

•THE SIZE OF THE LOAD

•SIZE OF THE INDIVIDUAL PELLET

SHOT

RIFLE CARTRIDGE

IT HAS A METAL CYLINDER WITH A FLAT BASE WHICH PROJECTS AS A RIM

RIMLESS CARTRIDGE HAS AN EXTRACTOR GROOVE NEAR THE BASE.

PRIMER CUP IS FITTED IN THE CENTER OF THE BASE

THE CARTRIDGE CASE IS ELONGATED AND ITS DISTAL END TIGHTLY GRIPS THE BASE OF THE BULLET

IN MANY BULLETS CIRCUMFERENTIAL GROOVE CALLED CANNELURE IS PRESENT.

RIFLE AND PISTOL PRIMERS ARE SMALL METAL CUPS CONTAINING PRIMING MIXTURE AND AN ANVIL

PRIMER

THE BLOW OF FIRING PIN ON THE PRIMER CUP CRUSHES THE PRIMING MIXTURE AGAINST THE ANVIL CENTER AND BURNS IT ,WHICH THEN FLASHES THROUGHT THE FLASH HOLES AND BURNS THE POWDER

PRIMER

IN RIFLE CARTRIDGE PRIMER CUP IS FITTED IN BATTERY CUP.

THE BATTERY CUP SUPPORTS THE ANVIL AND PROVIDES FLASH HOLES

PRIMER

GUN POWDER•BLACK POWDER

•SMOKELESS POWDER

BLACK POWDER

•POTASSIUM NITRATE 75%

•SULPHUR 10%

•CHARCOAL 15%

BLACK POWDER •IT IS DESIGNATED AS FG,FFG,FFFG

•THE MORE NUMBER OF F’s , THE FINER ARE THE GRAINS AND THE FASTER THEY BURN

•IT BURNS WITH PRODUCTION OF HEAT ,FLAME AND SMOKE

•1 GRAM OF POWDER PRODUCES 3000 TO 4500 CC OF GAS

SMOKELESS POWDER

•THEY PRODUCE MUCH LESS SMOKE AND FLAME AND ARE MORE COMPLETELY BURNT THAN BLACK POWDER

• 1 GRAM PRODUCES 12000 TO 13000 CC OF GASES

•THE COLOUR VARIES FROM BRIGHT ORANGE TO BLUISH BLACK

BULLETSTHE TRADITIONAL BULLET IS MADE OF SOFT METAL AND HAS A ROUNDED NOSE .

THE METAL USED IS LEAD

THE MISSILE IS THE COMMON BULLET USED IN PISTOLS AND RIFLES.

IN PISTOL THE BULLET IS SHORT AND THE POINT IS ROUNDED

IN RIFLES THE BULLET IS ELONGATED AND POINTED

BULLETSJACKETED BULLETS ARE OF TWO TYPES :

1. FULL METAL JACKET BULLET

2. THE SEMI-JACKETED BULLET

FULL METAL JACKET BULLET

•COVERING IS MADE WITH TOUGH AND HEAVY JACKET COVERS

•BASE HAS SOFT METAL INTERIOR

•THE TOUGH METAL MAY BE MADE OF STEEL,ZINC,COPPER,NICKEL

SEMI-JACKETED BULLET

•IT HAS A TOUGH JACKET BUT THINNER COMPARED TO FULL METAL JACKET BULLET

•THE NOSE IS FULLY OR PARTLY EXPOSED

A DUMDUM BULLET IS ONE WHICH FRAGMENTS EXTENSIVELY UPON STRIKING

INCENDIARY BULLETS CONTAIN PHOSPHORUS SO IT CATCHES FIRE ON HITTING THE TARGET

FRANGIBLE BULLET IS MADE OF METAL WHICH FRAGMENTS ON STRIKING

MECHANISM OF DISCHARGE OF PROJECTILE

TRIGGER IS PULLED

FIRING PIN STRIKES THE PRIMER CAP

THE PRIMING EXPLODES

SENDS FLASH TO THE POWDER FILLED CASE

POWDER CHARGE BURNS

LARGE AMT OF GAS PRODUCED INCREASES PRESSURE

MECHANISM OF DISCHARGE OF PROJECTILE

THE CARTRIDGE CASE SWELL OUTWARDS

HOLD ON THE BULLET IS RELEASED

BULLET IS FORCED INTO THE BARREL

THE BULLET IS FOLLOWED BY • THE BLAST OF HIGLY COMPRESSED HOT GAS

• THE PARTICALS OF POWDER

• SMOKE,FLAME AND FRAGMENTS OF METAL AND GREASE

I KEEEL YOU !!!

THANK YOU!!!