Carter’s Downfall - SIMPSON A.P.U.S.Hsimpsonapush.weebly.com/.../80s_presentation.pdf · African...
Transcript of Carter’s Downfall - SIMPSON A.P.U.S.Hsimpsonapush.weebly.com/.../80s_presentation.pdf · African...
Carter’s Downfall
• Focus on human rights and diplomacy, not military force
• Gave the Panama Canal back to Panama• Iranian Hostage Crisis 444 days• Soviets invade Afghanistan
• Carter Doctrine• Force to protect Persian Gulf Region• Canceled Grain Deal with Russia
• Cancel SALT II• Cancel Olympics
• Economy was in a downturn
Carter vs. Reagan Carter Reagan
• Cautious• Crisis of Confidence Speech
• Lost ability to face future• Lost can do spirt • Wasteful• Need vibrant approach to energy
crisis• Do More with less
• Fractured Democratic Coalition • Ted Kennedy
• Optimistic • Energetic/Patriotic • Conservatism• States Rights• White Backlash
• Resent advancements made by African Americans ’60s-’70s
• Condemned Welfare Cheats, busing, affirmative action
• Stood for family values• Moral majority
• States Rights• Pro Business
• Anti-union• Free Market
• Increase Military• Anti-Soviet Rhetoric
The Reagan Revolution (Conservative Reaction)• Lower taxes,/smaller government,
strong military, social conservatism• Switched from Keynesian economics to
trickle down• Deregulated industries
• Telephone• S&L (Savings and Loan Industries)• Trucking • Environmental laws
• Breaks apart air traffic controller union• Federal Employees are forbidden to strike• Fired over 11,000
• Cuts social welfare programs• Social Safety net
• Conservative Judges• Sandra Day O’Conner• Antonin Scalia, Anthony Kennedy
Effects
• Increases US debt• Income inequality• Increases homelessness• Economic growth
Effects of the Effects• War on drugs, crime, etc.
• D.A.R.E
• Crime wave of the 70s and 80s
Election of 1984
• Wins historic reelection• ’81 wounded by an assassination
attempt• Second term
• Lower taxes even further• Limit to illegal immigration• De-escalate cold war
• limited by Iran-Contra Scandal & stock Market Crash
Immigration Reform and Control Act 1986
• Amnesty for all illegal immigrants living in US
• Employers would stop hiring illegal immigrants
• 1990s-Resistance to series of anti-immigrant propositions in California
• cutting off state services to those in the country illegally.
• healthcare • public education
Reagan & the end of the End of the Cold War
• Expands US military, funds Strategic Defense Initiative - SDI (Star Wars )-Arms race
• Goal: Bankrupt Soviet Union
• Aids anti-communist forces with CIA (Chili, Nicaragua, Grenada)
Iran Contra Affair
• Nicaraguan Contras• Anti-communist
• Congress Prohibits funding• Cocaine Dealers
• Sold Weapons in secret to Iran in exchange to release hostages
• $ was then funded to the Contras• Reagan denied knowing anything about it
• Took responsibility• Too popular to try to impeach
• Limits success of his administration
Soviets - Gorbachev• Soviet Economy was a disaster• Gorbachev begins reforms
• Glasnost – openness, Soviet citizens could criticize their government and discuss social problems
• Perestroika – restructuring, limit free market reforms to country’s socialist planned economy
• Lead to regional autonomy and nationalism by region
• Begins meeting with ReaganTear Down This Wall
Election of 1988• Domestic Issues• George H.W. Bush –
Republican, Vice President• Tough on crime• Not raise taxes (he did)
The Crumbling of Communism• China = prodemocratic demonstrations
• Tiananmen Square Protesters (’89)
• Unknown amount killed more imprisoned
• Eastern Europe• Warsaw Pact – Soviet Union no longer providing
them assistance• Poland’s Solidarity Movement (’89)
• Berlin Wall Comes down• Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania declare
independence (’90)
• Gorbachev forced from power late ‘91Wall Being Torn Down
End of the Cold War• Christmas Day 1991 USSR dissolves• Boris Yeltson = president of Russia• Joined by 14 former Soviet republics to
create the Commonwealth of Independent States
• Bush and Yeltson begin dismantling nuclear arms stockpiles
• START I Treaty – reduce # of nuclear warheads in both countries
• START II in ‘93 reduce further with added promise of US to aide Russian economy