Carrier Class Ethernet
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Transcript of Carrier Class Ethernet
Carrier Class Ethernet
Metro Ethernet Forum
http://www.metroethernetforum.org/Technical documents under “Documents” tab
Transmission Media (Fiber, Co-ax, Twisted Pair, etc …)
The OSI Model
7. APPLICATION
6. PRESENTATION
5. SESSION
4. TRANSPORT
3. NETWORK
1. PHYSICAL
2. DATA LINK
7. APPLICATION
6. PRESENTATION
5. SESSION
4. TRANSPORT
3. NETWORK
1. PHYSICAL
2. DATA LINK
?
A Practical Example
7. APPLICATION
6. PRESENTATION
5. SESSION
4. TRANSPORT
3. NETWORK
1. PHYSICAL
2. DATA LINK
——— Category 5 twisted copper wires
——— Ethernet
——— Internet Protocol (IP)
——— Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)
——— Connection negotiation
——— HTML (ASCII) / JPEG / GIF
——— Web ServerApplication Software
Operating System
Hardware
1
7
6
5
4
3
1
2 2
1
3
1
2
7
6
5
4
3
1
2
Cat 5 Cat 5 Fiber Cat 5
1 1
2
Web Server(answers)
Client(initiates connection)
Internet Explorer
html, jpeg
tcp port 2355
IP 209.34.122.8
Ethernet MAC 0x00065e2c54df
IP 65.221.43.6
Apache Web Server
tcp port 80
html, jpeg
Ethernet MAC 0x000f439ab231
IP 209.34.122.200
IP 65.221.43.1
Ethernet MAC 0x0008bb154891
Switch
RouterSessioncontrol
Sessioncontrol
Ethernet MAC 0x001a7b21ea442
Hub
A Practical Example
Physical
Logical
2
3
4
Ethernet Frame
• Hub:• Ethernet frame goes to all ports (port == physical interface)• Necessarily can only run half duplex• No intelligence• Obsolete -- throw them away!
• Switching:• Switch "learns" which MAC addresses are on which port• Ethernet frame is forwarded out one port only• No possibility for collisions• Can run full duplex
• Routing:• strips off MAC addresses (on Ethernet port)• makes forwarding determination based on IP address and route table• puts on new MAC addresses (if Ethernet)
Relationship of Bandwidth to Packet Delay for TCP data transfers
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
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10
1 10 100 1000
Bandwidth in Mbps
Ro
un
dtr
ip P
ack
et D
ela
y in
mse
c.
T-1 2xT-1 3xT-1 10Base-T DS-3 FE OC-3 Gig-E
What’s Carrier Ethernet: defined by the MEF
Scalability• Services and Bandwidth• 100,000’s of EVC’s• From Mbps to x10Gbps• Customer data integrity
Protection• 50ms Protection• End to End Path Protection• Aggregated Line & Node Protection
Hard QoS• Guaranteed end to end SLA• End to End CIR and EIR• Business, Mobile, Residential
TDM Support• Seamless integration of TDM• Circuit Emulation Services• Support existing voice applications
ServiceManagement• Fast service creation• Carrier class OAM capabilities• Customer Network Management (CNM)
CarrierEthernetCarrier
Ethernet
MEF Services Model
MetroMetroEthernetEthernetNetworkNetwork
CustomerCustomerEdge (e.g., router)Edge (e.g., router)
(CE)(CE)
CustomerCustomerEdgeEdge(CE)(CE)
ServiceServiceAttributesAttributes
A service is what the CE sees.A service is what the CE sees.The technology used inside the MEN is not visible.The technology used inside the MEN is not visible.
Each Service is a Layer 2 VPN
• Frames from one customer can not leak into another Frames from one customer can not leak into another customer’s servicecustomer’s service
• Multiple Services at a UNI is called Service MultiplexingMultiple Services at a UNI is called Service Multiplexing
Example showing a green serviceExample showing a green serviceand a blue service.and a blue service.
ServiceServiceMultiplexed UNIMultiplexed UNI
Pittsburgh, PA: Airport Loop
10.1.4.40Single Source Roofing
10.1.4.50Park West Two
10.1.4.51Park West One
10.1.4.150Giant Eagle
10.1.4.200Giant Eagle
10.1.254.254Core Switch
NMSInternet
1550nm (greater than 20 miles)
1310nm
1310nm
1310nm
1310nm
Company Data Center
Ethernet Switch atCustomer location
• How does MetNet keep customers packets separate?
• Add another layer!
GigE
UNI
UNI
customer
10.1.4.100Giant Eagle
Connection Protocol Stacks
ETH
VLAN
ETH
MPLS
ETH
VLAN
ETH ETH
MPLS
ETH
MPLS
ETH
VLAN
ETH
MAC
L3ANDUP
ETH
MAC
END USER EQUIP
END USER EQUIP
ETH
VLAN
L3ANDUP
End-to-End Connection
ETH
ETH
ETH ETHETH
Metro A
AccessPort
NEPort
NCPort
NCPort
NEPort
AccessPort
Ingress Mapping
Ingress Mapping
Egress Mapping
Egress Mapping
NetworkPort
NetworkPort
ETHClient’s Ethernet Header
VLANNetwork VLAN Tag MPLS
ETH
MPLS Shim Header
NCPort
Met-Net Packet
DA(6B)
ETYPE8100(2B)
Net VLAN(2B)
SA(6B)
ETYPE8847(2B)
MPLS Shim(4B)
D LSRMAC(6B)
S LSRMAC(6B)
1544 Bytes
User Ethernet Frame
S/W AdjustsWRR Weights
GE Network
QOS Mechanics: This is What Net Neutrality is talking aboutPolicer
Customer Traffic
000/001 010/011 110 100/101 111
DE=0 DE=1 DE=0
Normal
DE=1
BusinessCritical
DE=1NetworkControl
TDMT-1,
T-3 &OC-3
TT
T
T
DelaySensitive
DE=1
WRR Scheduler SP Scheduler
• Each Logical Layer has it’s own set of header information:
Source IdentifierDestination IdentifierType of InformationFlagsError handleOther: VLAN ID (2)
Priority (2)TOS (3)Frame Type (2)IP Version (3)Sequence Number (4)
•Each field can potentially be used to filter, block, control, or prioritize traffic on a network.
• Untagged Ethernet• common, plain vanilla Ethernet framing
• Tagged Ethernet• IEEE 802.1Q format
• VLANs numbered 0 - 4095• Includes a priority field (8 bits) 802.1p• Supported by Windows 2000 and later• All devices on LAN must support tagged Ethernet frames• Frame size is slightly larger due to tag bits
• Cisco ISL format • Cisco Inter Switch Link• Predates IEEE standard• Generally obsolete except in Cisco-only world
• Service Provider tagging (Stacked tagging)• ITU / IEEE / Metro Ethernet Forum defined• Adds another Ethernet header in front of standard (customer) Ethernet frame
Virtual Ethernet LANs
50ms Link or Edge Node Protection
VLAN Based
Edge Ring
AB
C
D
E
F
1
2
MPLS Bypass TunnelX
User LAN
User LAN
• Provisioning of the main and alternative path (Red and Green) for connection protection
• Provisioning of the MPLS based bypass tunnel between the Core Switches devices
What’s Carrier Ethernet: defined by the MEF
Scalability• Services and Bandwidth• 100,000’s of EVC’s• From Mbps to x10Gbps• Customer data integrity
Protection• 50ms Protection• End to End Path Protection• Aggregated Line & Node Protection
Hard QoS• Guaranteed end to end SLA• End to End CIR and EIR• Business, Mobile, Residential
TDM Support• Seamless integration of TDM• Circuit Emulation Services• Support existing voice applications
ServiceManagement• Fast service creation• Carrier class OAM capabilities• Customer Network Management (CNM)
CarrierEthernetCarrier
Ethernet
Relevant Standard Bodies and Organizations
IEEE: Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers
IETF: Internet Engineering Task Force
RFCs: “Requests for Comment” generally accepted rules of the Internet
ITU: International Telecommunication Union
MEF: Metro Ethernet Forum- Publishes industry recommendations just like the Wi-Fi
Alliance and seeks adoption by IEEE and ITU- Metro Ethernet works on IEEE 802.3- Wi-Fi Alliance work on IEEE 802.11