Caring for Caring for individuals with individuals with additional needsadditional needs

Unit 26Unit 26

Definitions of disability Definitions of disability and dependency modelsand dependency models

Lesson ObjectivesLesson Objectives

• Describe the medical and social models of disability.

• Recognise the impact of these models on the individual and on service provision.

• Describe the theory of normalisation/social role valorisation.

• Describe a holistic approach to care.

P2\P3 Assignment TaskP2\P3 Assignment Task

In your role as a health and social care professional in a day centre you

have been asked to prepare a booklet to explain to new volunteers

working with people with additional needs: • the models of disability• the barriers which affect the lives of individuals with additional

needs. You should produce an information booklet that describes

models of disability and an explanation of the barriers which affect the

lives of individuals.

In your booklet you should make use of visual imagery as appropriate.

 

M1 Assignment TaskM1 Assignment Task

• To achieve the M1 grade, you should extend the information provided in your booklet produced for P2 and P3. You should assess the barriers that you have explained which may be experienced by individuals with additional needs and relate these to the models of disability that you have described

Rachel’s StoryRachel’s StoryRachel’s story

Task:In small groups put yourselves in the

shoes of a person with additional needs. In your group create a mind map of the types of barriers that you might experience in all aspects of your life.

Barriers experienced by Barriers experienced by people with disabilitiespeople with disabilities

Lack of Choice

Financial

Physical Access

Communication

Attitudes

Cultural

Employment Chances

Discrimination

BARRIERS

TaskTaskIn your small groups for the rest of the

session you will be researching and creating a poster for display which highlights the types of barriers that people with additional needs face.

You need to give an example for each type of barrier that you have highlighted making use of visual images and “real life” cases wherever possible.

Models of disabilityModels of disability

Question:

What is a model? A human construction or theory which

helps us to understand or make sense of the real world around us.

Models of disabilityModels of disability• Medical• Social• Normalisation

The Medical Model and the The Medical Model and the Social ModelSocial Model

Task:In groups of 3 you need to consider

what are the key words you might use that relate to service users with additional needs which might relate to the medical model/social model of disability.

You should put these keywords on the sheets provided.

ImpactImpactWhat do you think the impact of these

two models might be on the individual. Put yourself in the person’s shoes. How do you think that these models might affect your life.

NormalisationNormalisation

• Relates to people with a learning disability.

“the utilisation of means which are culturally normative as possible, in order to establish and/or maintain personal behaviours and the characteristics which are as culturally normative as possible”

Wolfensberger 1972, p28

Normalisation/SRVNormalisation/SRV• A normal rhythm to the day that fits

into the norms of the particular society that the person is living in.

• This later became the theory of Social Role Valorisation in 1983

Normalisation/SRVNormalisation/SRV• Community Presence• Choice• Competence• Respect• Community Participation

O’Brian and Tyne’s Five Service Accomplishments (1981) Cited in Emerson 1992.

Holistic Approach to CareHolistic Approach to CareCaring for the WHOLE person taking

into account their:PhysicalEmotional/PsychologicalSocialSpiritual

ExerciseExerciseIndividually think about the theories and

models we have looked at today.What impact might these theories and

models have on the provision of services?

Think about key words/concepts that would describe the impact or influence of these models/theories that services users receive.