Cardiovascular Physiology and Adaptationsrrobergs/426L19CV.pdfCardiovascular Physiology 2 Blood...
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Dr. Robergs Fall, 2010 Cardiovascular Physiology 1 Cardiovascular Physiology and Adaptations Components of the Cardiovascular System Cardiovascular system - composed of blood, the heart, and the vasculature within which blood is pumped throughout the body. Systemic circulation - concerning blood flow to, within and from the remainder of the body, and consists of tissue/organ specific circulation beds, eg: renal, hepatic, cranial, gastric, intestinal, skeletal muscle, cutaneous, etc. Pulmonary circulation - concerning blood flow to, within and from the lungs
Transcript of Cardiovascular Physiology and Adaptationsrrobergs/426L19CV.pdfCardiovascular Physiology 2 Blood...
Dr. Robergs Fall, 2010
Cardiovascular Physiology 1
Cardiovascular Physiologyand Adaptations
Components of the Cardiovascular SystemCardiovascular system - composed of blood, the heart, and the vasculature within which blood is pumped throughout the body.
Systemic circulation - concerning blood flow to, within and from the remainder of the body, and consists of tissue/organ specific circulation beds, eg: renal, hepatic, cranial, gastric, intestinal, skeletal muscle, cutaneous, etc.
Pulmonary circulation - concerning blood flow to, within and from the lungs
Dr. Robergs Fall, 2010
Cardiovascular Physiology 2
Blood
polycythemia - excess productionof red blood cells
anemia - abnormally low red bloodcell counts
water, clotting proteins, transport proteins,lipoproteins, glucose, fatty acids, antibodies, transferrin, waste products(eg. urea, ammonia, etc.)
plasma - the liquid component of bloodand all of it’s non-cellular content
serum - what remains of plasma afterblood has clotted
Dr. Robergs Fall, 2010
Cardiovascular Physiology 3
Dr. Robergs Fall, 2010
Cardiovascular Physiology 4
Cardiac Cycle• Preload• Afterload• Systole• Diastole• EDV• Ejection Fraction• Stroke Volume• Heart Rate• Cardiac Output• ECG• Heart Sounds• Valve Function• Response to Exercise
Dr. Robergs Fall, 2010
Cardiovascular Physiology 5
Dr. Robergs Fall, 2010
Cardiovascular Physiology 6
60
65
70
75
80
85
Hea
rt R
ate
(bea
ts/m
in)
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.00.70
0.75
0.80
0.85
0.90
0.95
1.00
T ime (min)
RR In
terv
al (s
)
Resting heart rate is inherentlyvariable!
Dr. Robergs Fall, 2010
Cardiovascular Physiology 7
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.060
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rest Treadmill Running
steady s tate
T ime (min)
Hea
rt R
ate
(bea
ts/m
in)
Heart Rate Can Detect Steady vs. Non-Steady State
8 9 10 11 12 13 1440
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
Subject 1Subject 2
T ime (min)
Hea
rt R
ate
(bea
ts/m
in)
rapid
s low
Recovery Heart Rate Is Influenced by Fitness
Dr. Robergs Fall, 2010
Cardiovascular Physiology 8
20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 10020
30
40
50
60
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80
90
100
%HRmax%HRR
slope = 0.9822; Y-intercept = 7.5 beats/m in
% VO2max
% H
eart
Rat
e Va
riabl
e
20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 10020
30
40
50
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100
%HRmax%HRR
% VO2max
% H
eart
Rat
e Va
riabl
e
%HRmax = 0.525 (%VO 2max) + 45.3; r = -.95%HRR = 0.9118 (%VO 2max) + 9.259; r = 0.97
Relative Heart Rate Can Be Used to Express Intensity
Dr. Robergs Fall, 2010
Cardiovascular Physiology 9
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1170
85
100
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190HRmax = 182 beats/m in
T ime (min)
Hea
rt R
ate
(bea
ts/m
in)
Heart Rate Slope May Change at Metabolic Threshold
Dr. Robergs Fall, 2010
Cardiovascular Physiology 10
Dr. Robergs Fall, 2010
Cardiovascular Physiology 11
0 1 2 3 4 55
10
15
20
25
30
VO 2 (L/min)
Card
iac
Out
put (
L/m
in)
0 1 2 3 4 580
90
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120
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150
160
VO2 (L/min)
SV (m
l/bea
t)
0 1 2 3 4 550
75
10 0
12 5
15 0
17 5
VO 2 (L/min)
HR
(bea
ts/m
in)
Subject 2
0.0 0 .5 1.0 1 .5 2 .0 2 .5 3.0 3 .5 4 .0 4.50
5
10
15
20
VO2 (L/min)
Car
diac
Out
put (
Lmin
)
0.0 0.5 1 .0 1.5 2 .0 2.5 3.0 3 .5 4.0 4.57 0
8 0
9 0
1 00
1 10
1 20
1 30
VO 2 (L/min)
SV (m
l/bea
t)
0.0 0.5 1 .0 1.5 2.0 2 .5 3.0 3.5 4 .0 4.550
75
10 0
12 5
15 0
17 5
20 0
VO2 (L/min)
HR
(bea
ts/m
in)
Subjec t 1
0 .0 0.5 1 .0 1 .5 2 .0 2 .5 3 .00
5
10
15
20
VO 2 (L/min)
Car
diac
Out
put (
L/m
in)
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2 .0 2.5 3.00
25
50
75
100
125
150
VO 2 (L/min)
SV (m
L/be
at)
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.060
80
100
120
140
160
VO2 (L/min)
HR
(bea
ts/m
in)
Subject 3
Redistribution ofCardiac Output
