Car-to-Car Communication for Accident Avoidance

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1 Electrical and Computer Engineering Team Pishro-Nik and Ni Chris Comack - Simon Tang - Joseph Tochka - Madison Wang Car-to-Car Communication for Accident Avoidance March 5, 2009 Professor Pishro-Nik Advisor, Assistant Professor, ECE Professor Ni Advisor, Assistant Professor, CEE

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Team Pishro-Nik and Ni Chris Comack - Simon Tang - Joseph Tochka - Madison Wang. Car-to-Car Communication for Accident Avoidance. March 5, 2009. Professor Pishro-Nik Advisor, Assistant Professor, ECE. Professor Ni Advisor, Assistant Professor, CEE. Background. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Transcript of Car-to-Car Communication for Accident Avoidance

Page 1: Car-to-Car Communication for Accident Avoidance

1Electrical and Computer Engineering

Team Pishro-Nik and Ni

Chris Comack - Simon Tang - Joseph Tochka - Madison Wang

Car-to-Car Communication

for Accident Avoidance

March 5, 2009

Professor Pishro-NikAdvisor, Assistant Professor,

ECE

Professor NiAdvisor, Assistant Professor,

CEE

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Background Automobile accidents are both dangerous and costly

• Over 42,000 fatalities in the United States every year. • More than 2.9 Million injuries from 6.4 Million car accidents

annually.• Combined cost of 230+ Billion dollars per year. • Responsible for 5% of preventable deaths each year (JAMA).

Goal: To provide a system to reduce these rates by warning drivers before a collision happens. How?• Use GPS to track position and vehicle’s OBD-II port to monitor

speed and acceleration of vehicles.• Communicate this information among cars on the road via

Dedicated Short Range Communication in the 5.9GHz spectrum.Source: Mokdad AH, Marks JS, et al. (March 2004). "Actual causes of death in the United States, 2000". JAMA 291 (10): 1238–45.

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Scenario

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Scenario

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Review of Situations

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Proposed Solution

Use of Car to Car Communication

• Cars 2 & 3 emit audio warning indicating Car 1 is decelerating rapidly.

• The cars operators now have more time to respond to this dangerous situation, decreasing the risk of collision.

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Collision Detection Algorithm

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Design & Requirements

System must be scalable Track car’s location with GPS receiver Use OBD-II (on-board diagnostic connection) to

monitor speed, acceleration, and other information from car’s computer• Standard on all cars made after 1996 –

includes 150 million+ cars on the road in the U.S. today.

Communicate between vehicles using DSRC (Dedicated Short Range Communication) Transceiver

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Block Level Diagram

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GPS – Progress

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GPS – Problem

No GPS Coordinate in Response Message

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GPS – Progress

Process Response Correctly if there are GPS Coordinates

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GPS Statistics

Measure Latitude/Longitude in One Location Refreshes Coordinates

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Inputs & Outputs

Inputs:SPST Power Switch, two momentary push-buttons.

Outputs: Green LED indicator, red LED warning light, Piezoelectric element for audible warning.

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Data Collection

GPS coordinates updated at rate of 1 Hz. Time-stamp acquired from GPS at same rate. Heading, or compass direction, calculated from

comparing GPS location to previous coordinates. Speed information from Engine Control Unit

polled at approximately 10 Hz. Acceleration calculated from current and

previous velocity values. Control signal to monitor transceiver buffer;

above five data points received from other units at max. frequency possible.

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Data Transmission

Total processing time is minimized by performing heading and acceleration calculations before transmitting.

Minimal packet size allows frequent transmission of single packet containing all pertinent information.

Data transmitted after each update to prevent stale data. “Dead reckoning” also implemented to fill in the blanks between each GPS update.

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Software Flowchart

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Transceiver updates

Goals from last time • Confirm Range (at least 150 m)

• Tested at 160 m• Implement/confirm receiving functionality

To do• Integrate with GPS, OBD-II• Receive/send from multiple sources

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Ethernet Packet Structure

Header• 33 bytes• SRC/DST MAC addresses• SRC/DST IP addresses• Length

Other data and payload• Transceiver info

• Channel/power to send, etc.• Payload, padding, checksum

• Payload will include position, speed, timestamp, acceleration, and heading

• ~13 bytes

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PCB Progress

Currently only the layout for transceiver portion is done

Things to come• GPS interface (serial port)• OBD-II interface layout• Inputs & Outputs• Ship out design for manufacturing

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Price of individual PCB

NumberManufacturer Part Number Supplier Package Description

Quantity Price Total Total PCB Price

1 LT1086 Digikey TO-220 3.3V fixed regulator 1 4 4 89.231

2 LM340 Digikey TO-220 5V fixed regulator 1 1.74 1.74

3 ATMEGA128 Digikey TQFP-64 Microcontroller 1 15 15

4 ENC28J60-H Sparkfun 10-dipEthernet Controller header 1 35 35

5 Jtag connector 0

6 ELM327Elm Electronics 28-SOIC

OBD to RS232 interpreter 1 25.5 25.5

7 TCA1A226M8R Digikey 1206 22 uF cap 2 0.33 0.66

8 Magellan A12 Magellan GPS 0 100 0

9 Denso Transceiver Denso Transceiver 0 0

10 ECJ-2VB1E104K Digikey 805 0.1 uF cap 10 0.1 1

11 FMMT597TA Digikey sot-23 PNP BJT 3 0.54 1.62

12 MMBTA06-7 Digikey sot-23 NPN BJT 6 0.49 2.94

13 ERJ-6GEYJ472V Digikey 805 4.7k resistor 6 0.077 0.462

14 ERJ-6GEYJ473V Digikey 805 47k resistor 2 0.077 0.154

15 ERJ-6GEYJ471V Digikey 805 470 resistor 4 0.077 0.308

16 ERJ-6GEYJ103V Digikey 805 10k resistor 6 0.077 0.462

17 ERJ-6GEYJ223V Digikey 805 22k resistor 5 0.077 0.385

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PCB Progress