INDEX

1) INTRODUCTION

2) HISTORY OF VEHICLE ACCIDENT MONITERING SYSTEM

3) PROJECT DESCRIPTION

4) TOOLS USE 1) HARDWARE 2)SOFTWARE

5) APPLICATION AREAS

6) FUTURE ENHANCEMENTS

7) BIBLIOGRAPHY

8) CONCLUSION

IMPLEMENTATION OF GSM MODEM FOR VEHICLE ACCIDENT MONITERING SYSTEM

Title of the project :- Implementation of GSM modem for vehicle accident monitoring system.

Domain :- Embedded Systems Design

Software :- MPLAB, MIKROC FOR PIC

Micro controller :- PIC16F73

Power Supply :- +5V, 750mA Regulated Power Supply

Crystal :- 8 MHz

Sensor :- Vibration Sensor

Communication Devices :- Global System For Mobile Communication (GSM) Modem

and Global Positioning System (GPS) Modem

Applications :- Automotives

PROPOSED SYSTEMS

With the increasing

standard of lifesyyle,a person of present era likes to own more and more prestigious possessions

to lead a luxurious life.How ever,a setback of this situation is the safety of the belongings.one

such luxury is the car so the need for it's protection.on the other hand,commercial vehicles must

be monitored so that their movements do not voilate thr intended purpose.

A vehicle tracking system combines the installation of an electronic device in a vehicle.It

uses a conventional global system for mobile communication(GSM) MODEM for

communication purpose and finding the position of vehicle using global positioning

system(GPS) MODEM.It is essencial to improve the performance of accident detection system

in order to minimize the effect of such incidents. Research work is going on this project like

1)Method of freeway incident detectiion using wireless positioning by Li chuan from

university of Technol in Ningbo from Qingdao.2)Implementation of GSM based commercial

automobile tracker using PIC 18F452 and development of google earth embedded

monitoring software by Junaid Ali,Shahid Nasim from NED university of engineering and

technology at Karachi(Pakistan) in 2009 IEEE student conference.The above project was given

information only about location of vehicle.

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

This project describe design of effective monitoring system for vehicle accident.This

project is designed to inform about an accident that is occure.In this project we are going to use a

vibrator sensor which can detect abrupt vibration when an accident will occure.It will send signal

to microcontroller(MCU).The MCU read the data from GPS modem , the GSM modem and send

an SMS to the predefined mobile numbers and inform about this accident and location(latitude

and longitude) from remote place.Project is built with the PIC microcontroller from

microchip.This microcontroller will provide all the functionality of the SMS alert system.in the

SMS it will also send the temprature and pressure values.The uniqueness of this project is not

only alerting the neighbour by it's siren,but also send a caution SMS to four mobile numbers.for

example first two numbers are reserved for 1)ambulance 2)firebriged and remaining two for

family members along with location.This number can be change at any time by the user using

3*4 key-pad.These numbers are stored in EEPROM.This project uses regulated power supply of

5V,750mA .7805 is used for voltage regulation.EEPROM is an Electrically Erasable read

only memory which stores information temporally the GPS latitude and Longitude values at

regular intervals of time.

BLOCK DIAGRAM:-

FilterCKT

WhistoneBridge

RXD

TXD

PICMICRO-CONTROLLER

MUX

UART

ADCADC PIN

EEPROM

TXD

RXD

GSMModul

GPSModul

Vibrastiontransduser

MatrixKEYBORD

LCD DISPLAY16*2

AMP CKT

Smoke Transduser

ComparatorCKT

AMP CKT

Tran.BaseDriver

Buzzer

Temp.Tranduser

MAX232

VoltageShifter

Figure:- Implementation of gsm modem for vehicle accident monitoring system

WORKING:-

The vehicle tracker system uses conventional GSM based communication to monitor the location of an automobile at a remote monitoring station and allow stopping the vehicle when required. The system presents the vehicle driver an option to generate an alert signal at the monitoring station using a secreted switch, when in danger. The system also monitors tracker temperature and operating voltage to ensure the correct operation of the system. The PIC16F73 controller employed provides a single unit compact module with built-in ADC and UART modules. The monitoring software is developed for a user friendly GUI with visual indication of location on Google Earth and easy to understand controls. Continuous or intermittent updating of location is possible as demanded by the situation and status of the monitored vehicle. The system is designed for commercial trackers and can be used for local guidance systems

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:-

WORKING OF CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:-

The project is vehicle accident positioning and navigation system we can locate thevehicle around the globe with PIC16F73 micro controller, GPS receiver, GSM modem, EEPROM.

As we can see from circuit diagram,pin no 9 and 10 are connected to crystal oscillator,so that it will provide a constant frequency.Pin no 8 and 9 are connected to ground.while pin numbers 17 and 18 are connected to GSM and GPS module.Same way pin 2 is connected to vibration sensor so that it will sense the vibration,pin 3 to smoke sensor and pin 4 to temperature sensor.

As soon as vibration sensor sense the vibration(accident) SMS will be send by GSM MODULE using AT cammands to the predefine numbers.GPS MODULE will give the position where the accident will happen.

The project is operated in two modes: Manual and Automated. In the Manual mode,the microcontroller checks for the “STATUS” and sends the information wheneveruser requests for the data. The RI pin of GSM will be HIGH when it gets the SMSfrom the owner to send the data .microcontroller detects GSM received a SMS decodeit and sends the data to the owner with the help of AT commands. In the automatedmode, microcontroller sends the information to the owner at regular intervals of time.The information is latitude and longitude values. Microcontroller does not check forRI interrupt of GSM, directly sends data to the predefined number with help of ATcommand set.Microcontroller communicates at baud rate of 9600 bits/sec with the help of serial communication. First it takes thedata from the GPS receiver and then sends the information to the owner in the form ofSMS with help of GSM modem

TOOLS USED:- Block diagram contains two parts one is software section and other is hardware section as given below.

HARDWARE:-

1)GPS – Global Positioning SystemWhat is it?

GPS consists of satellites which continuously orbit the Earth.There is a network of ground stations used for monitoring and control of the satellites.GPS provides users with accurate information on position, velocity, and time anywhere in the world.GPS stands for Global Positioning System. GPS was developed by the US DOD to allow the military to accurately determine their precise location anywhere in the world. GPS satellites – there are 24 - orbit at 11,000 nautical miles above the Earth. They are continuously monitored by ground stations located worldwide. The satellites transmit signals that can be detected by anyone with a GPS receiver. GPS satellites circle the earth twice a day in a very precise orbit and transmit signal information to earth. GPS receivers take this information and use triangulation to calculate the user's exact location.

Using the receiver, you can determine your location with great precision GPS receivers can be hand carried or installed on aircraft, ships, tanks, submarines, cars, and trucks. These receivers detect, decode, and process GPS satellite signals. There are a couple of high quality GPS receiver manufacturers that produce reasonably priced GPS products such as Garmin GPS and Magellen GPS.

Many police, fire, and emergency medical service units use GPS receivers to determine the police car, fire truck, or ambulance nearest to an emergency. Automobile manufacturers are also offering moving-map displays guided by GPS receivers as an option on new vehicles, for use in planning a trip.

The Latitude/Longitude Grid

The Lat/Long grid consists of the same elements. The axis are the Equator running in an

east/west circle around the globe, and the Prime Meridian which is a line running north and south through Greenwich England.

Accuracy

The accuracy of the receivers is dependent on the number and quality of the signals from the satellites. Many factors can affect the accuracy of a GPS unit. These factors include proximity to buildings, canyons and trees. Even haze can prevent you from getting a good satellite signal.Accuracy can be off by as much as 300 ft.

Conclusion

As dedicated to the same system.There is possibility of no GSM network conditions. Since the whole system will not work where GSM network is not available. VHF network is the answer.Security of the data in hands of private service provider.No internet connectivity is required.

Figure:- GPS Receiver with Active Antenna

FEATURES:-

1) High sensitivity -160dBm

2) Searching up to 65 Channel of satellites

3) LED indicating data output

4) Low power consumption

5)GPS L1 C/A Code

6)Supports NMEA0183 V 3.01 data protocol

7)Real time navigation for location based services

8)Works from +5V DC signal and outputs 9600 bps serial data

9)Magnetic base active antenna with 3 meter wire length for vehicle rooftop installation

Figure: (positioning) (map) locating the position where the accident will occure

APPLICATIONS:-

1)Car Navigation and Marine Navigation, Fleet Management

2)Automotive Navigator Tracking, Vehicle Tracking

3)AVL and Location-Based Services

4)Auto Pilot, Personal Navigation or touring devices

5)Tracking devices/systems and Mapping devices application Emergency Locator

6)Geographic SurveyingPersonal Positioning

7) Sporting and Recreation

8)Embedded applications which needs to be aware of its location on earth

2)GLOBAL SYSTEM FOR MOBILE COMMUNICATION(GSM) Modem:-

This GSM modem is a highly flexible plug and play quad band GSM modem for direct and easyintegration to RS232. Supports features like Voice, Data/Fax, SMS,GPRS and integrated TCP/IP

stack.Historically, we have recommended GSM modems from manufacturers such as Multitech, Falcom, Siemens (now Cinterion), iTegno and Wavecom. While these manufacturers make very good GSM modems, there are currently a lot of GSM/3G USB stick modems available on the market, which are less expensive (under $100), and in many cases significantly faster than older GSM modems.

A GSM modem exposes an interface that allows applications such as NowSMS to send and receive messages over the modem interface. The mobile operator charges for this message sending and receiving as if it was performed directly on a mobile phone. To perform these tasks, a GSM modem must support an "extended AT command set" for sending/receiving SMS messages, as defined in the ETSI GSM 07.05 and and 3GPP TS 27.005 specifications.

GSM modems can be a quick and efficient way to get started with SMS, because a special subscription to an SMS service provider is not required. The mobile operator charges for this message sending and receiving as if it was performed directly on a mobile phone. In most parts of the world, GSM modems are a cost effective solution for receiving SMS messages, because the sender is paying for the message delivery

Some recommended GSM/3G USB modems include the Option ICON 322, Sierra Wireless Compass 885, SonyEricsson MD300, Novatel MC950D and Huawei E160. Many other models from these manufacturers will also work well. Simens TC35i

GSM MODEM

FEATURES:-

1) Quad Band GSM/GPRS850/900/1800/1900 Mhz

2) GPRS multi-slot class 10/8

3) GPRS Mobile station class B

4) Compliant to GSM Phase 2/2+

5) Class 4 (2W@850/900Mhz)

6) Class 1(1W@1800/1900Mhz)

7) Control via AT commands(GSM 07.07,

07.05 and enhanced AT commands)

8) Operation Temperature(-20 deg C to+55 deg C)

SPECIFICATIONS FOR SMS:-

1) Point-to-point MO and MT

2) SMS cell broadcast

3) Text and PDU modePower Supply

4) Use AC – DC Power Adaptor with following ratings

5) DC Voltage : 12V

6) DC Current : 1A

7) Polarity : Centre +ve & Outside –ve

8) Current Consumption in normal operation 250mA, can rise up to 1Amp while transmission.

INTERFACES:-

1) RS-232 through D-TYPE 9 pin connector, Serial port baud rate adjustable 1200 to115200bps (9600 default)

2) Stereo connector for MIC & SPK

3) Power supply through DC socket

4) SMA antenna connector

5) Push switch type SIM holder

6) LED status of GSM / GPRS module

3) MICROCONTROLLER (PIC16F7X):-

This document contains device specific informationabout the following devices:1) PIC16F73

PIC16F73/76 devices are available only in 28-pin packages,while PIC16F74/77 devices are available in40-pin and 44-pin packages. All devices in thePIC16F7X family share common architecture, with thefollowing differences:

1) The PIC16F73 and PIC16F76 have one-half ofthe total on-chip memory of the PIC16F74 andPIC16F77

2) The 28-pin devices have 3 I/O ports, while the40/44-pin devices have 5

3) The 28-pin devices have 11 interrupts, while the40/44-pin devices have 12

4) The 28-pin devices have 5 A/D input channels,while the 40/44-pin devices have 8

5) The Parallel Slave Port is implemented only onthe 40/44-pin devices

Special Microcontroller Features:

1) Power-on Reset (POR)

2) Power-up Timer (PWRT) andOscillator Start-up Timer (OST)

3) Watchdog Timer (WDT) with its own on-chip RCoscillator for reliable operation

4) Programmable code protection

5) Power saving SLEEP mode

6) Selectable oscillator options

7) In-Circuit Serial Programming(ICSP) via twoPins

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:-

4)Precision Centigrade Temperature Sensors(LM 35):-

The LM35 series are precision integrated-circuit temperaturesensors, whose output voltage is linearly proportional to theCelsius (Centigrade) temperature. The LM35 thus has anadvantage over linear temperature sensors calibrated in° Kelvin, as the user is not required to subtract a largeconstant voltage from its output to obtain convenient Centigradescaling. The LM35 does not require any externalcalibration or trimming to provide typical accuracies of ±1⁄4°Cat room temperature and ±3⁄4°C over a full −55 to +150°Ctemperature range. Low cost is assured by trimming andcalibration at the wafer level. The LM35’s low output impedance,linear output, and precise inherent calibration makeinterfacing to readout or control circuitry especially easy. Itcan be used with single power supplies, or with plus andminus supplies.

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:-

FEATURES:-

1) Calibrated directly in ° Celsius (Centigrade)

2)Linear + 10.0 mV/°C scale factor

3) 0.5°C accuracy guaranteeable (at +25°C)

4) Rated for full -55° to +150°C range

5) Suitable for remote applications

6)Low cost due to wafer-level trimming

7) Operates from 4 to 30 volts

8) Less than 60 µA current drain

9) Low self-heating, 0.08°C in still air

10) Nonlinearity only ±1/4°C typical

11) Low impedance output, 0.1 W for 1 mA load

SOFTWARE:-

1)MPLAB

2) MIKROC FOR PIC

Sending a message in the PDU modeThe following example shows how to send the message "Hello hello" in the PDU mode from a SIMENS TC35i

AT+CMGF=1 <cr> //Set text mode

AT+CMGS=”any mobile no.” <cr>

Hello hello <cr>

^Z <cr>

ADVANTAGES:-

1) Histicated security

2) Itors all hazards and threats

3) Alert mobile phone for remote information

4) Le number can be changed at any time

APPLICATION:-

1) Automotives transport vehicles

2) We can use it for home office security .

REFERENCE:-

Text Books:

1] Design with PIC Micro controllers By Jonh b. Peatman

2]Micro controllerBy ajay deshmukh

3] Easy Microcontrol'n A Beginner's Guide to Using the PIC Microcontroller, by David Benson

4] Microcontrol'n Apps , PIC Micro controller Applications Guide by David Benson

5] Interested in moving up to the 18 Series PIC® Micro controller? See our latest book

6]Working with GSM network by Cruis Leanardo

7] Power Grid Control and Applications with GSM By Morris Hamington

FUTURE SCOPE:-

1] We can use the EEPROM to store the previous Navigating positions up to 256 locations

and we can navigate up to N number of locations by increasing its memory.

2] We can reduce the size of the kit by using GPS+GSM on the same module.

3] We can increase the accuracy up to 3m by increasing the cost of the GPS receivers.

4] We can use our kit for detection of bomb by connecting to the bomb detector.

5] With the help of high sensitivity vibration sensors we can detect the accident. when ever

vehicle unexpectedly had an accident on the road with help of vibration sensor we can

detect the accident and we can send the location to the owner, hospital and police.

6] We can use our kit to assist the traffic. By keeping the kits in the entire vehicles and by

knowing the locations of all the vehicles.

7] If anybody steals our car we can easily find our car around the globe. By keeping

vehicle positioning vehicle on the vehicle.

CONCLUSION:-

The Project titled “Vehicle Positioning and Navigating using GPS and GSM” is amodel for Vehicle Tracking unit with the help of Google maps and also with the helpof GPS receivers and GSM modem.The system is used for positioning and navigating the vehicle with an accuracy of 10 m.The positioning is done in the form of latitude and longitude along with the exactlocation of the place, by making use of Google maps.The system tracks the location of particular vehicle and sends to users mobile in formof SMS and also to EEPROM. The arrived data, is in the form of latitude andlongitude is used to locate the Vehicle on the Google maps and also we can see theoutput on the LCD. To see on the Google map we need to decode the received SMS.We have completed the project as per the requirements of our project.Finally the aim of the project i.e. to Position and navigate the vehicle with an accuracyof 10m, has been achieved successfully by using vehicle Vehicle Positioning andNavigating system.

FLOWCHART:-

SELECT 1 st CHANNEL OF ADC

INITIALIZE ADC OF PICController

Initialize LCD 16*2

Initialize Ports

START

Calibrate It

DISPLAY IT ON LCD

SET PORT PIN OFRLY OF Buzzer

SEND SMS TO All

IS 1st ADCO/P

=>60 c

Calibrate It

DISPLAY IT ON LCD

SELECT 2nd CHANNEL OF ADC

IS 2nd ADCO/P

<=50%

IF IT ISVibration

SET PORT PIN OFRLY OF Buzzer

SEND SMS TO Firstthree no.

SET PORT PIN OFRLY OF Buzzer

SEND SMS TO All

YES

NO

No

No

YES

YES