Canu, Campastrini, Dalla Riva, Pastres, Pizzo, Rosetto & Solidoro - Littoral 2010 (Education Centre)

8/8/2019 Canu, Campastrini, Dalla Riva, Pastres, Pizzo, Rosetto & Solidoro - Littoral 2010 (Education Centre)

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D. Melaku Canu1; P. Campostrini2; S. Dalla Riva2; R.

Pastres4 ; L. Pizzo3 L. Rossetto3; C. Solidoro1.1. OGS Istituto Nazionale Oceanografia e Geofisica Sperimentale. Trieste. Italy2. CORILA Venezia. Itay3. TESAF University of Padua. Italy4. Dipartimento Chimica Fisica University of Venezia. Italy

http://cordis.europa.eu/fp6/dc

http://ec.europa.eu/sustainable

SAF Application: sustainable clam

management in the Lagoon of Venice

LITTORAL 2010 SPICOSA FORUM


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Sustainable management of the clam Tapes philippinarum in the

Lagoon of Venice

History

1983: Tapes philippinarum introduction1983-1990 clamcolonisation

From1990: fishermenstartedto fishinopen access regime/ social

tensions/poor quality (fishedalsoin prohibitedarea)

1999: catchesdecline

2001: allocationofaquacultureconcessions

2005: extensionofaquacultureconcessions

2009: revisionofaquacultureconcessions

Negative impacts: sedimentresuspension,benthichabitatalteration

Science and Policy Integration for COastal System

Assesment

http://cordis.europa.eu/fp6/dc

http://ec.europa.eu/sustainable

STUDY SITE 7.15 Venice Lagoon

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

120000

198

6

198

8

199

0

199

2

199

4

199

6

199

8

200

0

200

2

200

4

200

6

year

tonns

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

euro/kg

total

oduction North Adriatic

VE Lagoon production

price


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NEED TO MOVE

FROM FISHING

TO

AQUACULTURE

No Illegal fishing

No use of illegal

tools

No health risk

overfishing less

likely

control of price

reduce

ecological damage

reduce social

cost

Illegal fishing

use of illegal

tools

health risk

overfishing

decreasing price

severe

ecological

damage

high social cost

(> 20 bill ITL/y)

Melaku Canu et al. 2001

26 years.!!!!!!


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General Objectives

Physical carrying capacity technical doc., data,

GIS

Ecological carrying capacity habitat, uses,

suitability (technical doc., data), model Social carrying capacity cost/benefit,

externalities, model

Sensitivity to changes


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Specific Questions to be addressed

Where to harvest allocation of areas

according to their productivity and health risk

When to harvest

price/size/population&growth dynamic How much to catch optimal vessel number,

fishing days, price/cost

Selling clams price seasonality, willingness to

pay for certification

Evaluation of externalities impacts evaluation


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Working tools: Models and

Stakeholders involvement Where to harvest Biogeochemical model,

Stakeholders agreements

When to seed Biogeochemical&clam growth &pop.

dynamic model When to harvest population&growth mod

How much to catch population&growth&economicmodels Stakeholders agreements

How to stop illegal fisheries scenario Stakeholders

agreements Selling clams economic model Stakeholders

agreements

Monitoring costs scenario Stakeholders agreements

Impacts scenario


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bi

g

li

ortion oft

l goon

biog ochem modelinin AQUACULTURE area

trans ort

Excahange

Nutrient

loads

SOCIALCOMPONENT

ECONOMIC COMPONENT

POLLUTIONbioaccumulation

NATURAL COMPONENT

Watershedland use

Uses ofLagoon

water

Aquaculturetot surface

AquacultureLots osition

Aquaculturemanagements

Nutient removalCarbon storage

Health control

costssediment loss,

env. im act

Harvest Biomass Quanity & quality

prices

profit

biogeochem modelinportion ofthe lagoon

biogeochem modelinin AQUACULTURE area

transport

Excahange

Nutrient

loads

SOCIALCOMPONENT

ECONOMIC COMPONENT


NATURAL COMPONENT

Watershedland use

Uses ofLagoon

water


AquacultureLots position



Health control

costssediment loss,

env. impact


prices

profit

climate

VEESE system


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Biogeochemical Model


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Clam growth and Population dynamic model


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Biomass kg/mq: variability


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Bioaccumulation model


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Bio-economic model


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Applications

climate change

exploring ecological and social carryingcapacity


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1.Climate Change effects and

adaptive approach


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transport

Excahange

Nutrient

loads

SOCIALCOMPONENT

ECONOMIC COMPONENT


NATURAL COMPONENT

Watershedland use

Uses ofLagoon

water





Health control

costssediment loss,

env. impact


prices

profit



transport

Excahange

Nutrient

loads

SOCIALCOMPONENT

ECONOMIC COMPONENT


NATURAL COMPONENT

Watershedland use

Uses ofLagoon

water





Health control

costssediment loss,

env. impact


prices

profit

climate

Sistema ESETapes philippinarum in Laguna di Venezia


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DownscalingGLOBAL effectto LOCAL scaleDownscalingGLOBAL effectto LOCAL scale

(

I

likescreenin ) (detail)Salon et al . 2008 Clim Res

Cossariniet al. 2008 Clim Res

Solidoro et al 2010 Prog OceanMelaku Canu et al. 2010 Clim Res


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biomassa

profitto

riferimento Scenario climaticoA2


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Biogeochemical model (TDM)

32

wTwg

FVmax

wkr

Bioenergetic clam model

+

Demographic clam model

+

seeding specimen in controlledareas (areas defined forextensive clam aquaculture)

Solidoro et al 2000, 2003 Pastres et al 2001


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ComparisonREF /A2scenariosComparisonREF /A2scenarios

REF Biomass g/mq A2 Biomass g/mq

Tapes philippinarum annual productionBI

-20%


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A multi models analysis indicates a lower suitability for clamsin the future.

The implementation of adaptive managemet policies mightmitigate such effects

Future climate projections: summer & spring more dry andwinter & autumn more rainy

ConclusionsConclusions

1

3

2

4

Trophi

l

evel

1

3

2

4

1

3

2

4

Trophi

l

evel

rti !

lfi

heryArti !

lfi

hery Me"

han i"

a l"

lam harve

tingMe"

han i"

a l"

lam harve

ting

Bottom#

e$

iment%

OM

S e a b ass&

' (

)

'

llets&

' (

S e a b ass

0

ent1

ic2

redat3

rs

S a n ds4

elt

)

'

llets

5

isci(3

r3 '

s birds

)

anila clam

Cla m j u v

Macr3

b.carnivorousS e a bre a m j u v S e a bream

Filter fe e d ers

Macrob1

erbivorous

Macrob.omnivorousMacrobdetr i tivorous

6

obies

Seagrass UlvaOt1

ermacroalgaeEpiphytes

5

hytoplankton

Zooplankton

Bacterioplankton

Meio b e nthos

Manila clam

Clam juv

Macrob. carnivorouseabream juv Seabream

Filter feeders

Macrobherbivorous

Melaku Canu D, Solidoro C, Cossarini G, Giorgi F. 2010 Effect of global change on bivalve

rearing activity and the need for adaptive management. Climate Research 2010,Vol42:13-26.


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1

10

100

1000

10000

100000

0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500

employment

lagoon

area

conservation

exploitation

envir nmentalist

fishers gr 2

fishers gr 1Pr vincia VE

C nsummers

scenario 1999

Fig. 3 Grey arrow: alternative scenario of exploitation and stakeholders views.

Scenarioanal sis


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1 suitability

Physical and Ecological carrying capacity

2 se conflits (stakeholders)

5 seed availability GRAL 2009,CVN 20073 Habitat

InAtlante della Laguna, D. Mion, A. PieriniD. Curiel,A. Rismondo (CVN - SELC)

6. rovinceof V plan, G plan


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Simulations setup

Physical constrains Seeding constrains

Harvesting scenarios (240)


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seed

type

seed

size

Mm

area

type

Harvest

size

mm

Seed

densit

y

ind/mq

mortality

rate

Price

Natural

hatch

11

14 1,2,3,4

25

2730 400,300

Ref

+20%+50%

Ref


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seed

size source area

harv

size profits

externalitie

s cum harvest productivity

Max

employment seeding needs

mm code type mm

euro/ha/ye

ar

euro/ha/ye

arkg/ha kg/mq

numberton/year

14 HI 2 30 37920 210 14921 1.49 2124 5593

14 HI 4 30 37314 210 14899 1.49 2090 5593

14 HI 1 30 36962 210 14374 1.44 2070 5593

14 HI 3 30 36956 210 14507 1.45 2070 5593

14 HI 1 27 36825 300 11316 1.13 2062 7991

11 Nat 4 30 34502 381 13192 1.32 1932 2326

11 Nat 2 30 34063 381 13149 1.31 1908 2326

11 Nat 1 30 33855 381 12497 1.25 1896 2326

11 Nat 3 30 33227 381 12747 1.27 1861 2326

11 Nat 3 27 31816 483 11784 1.18 1782 2713

14 HI 1 25 31513 300 14509 1.45 1765 7991

11 Nat 1 27 30533 483 11613 1.16 1710 2713

14 Hatch 2 30 26688 210 14921 1.49 1495 5593

14 Hatch 3 30 25723 210 14507 1.45 1441 5593

11 Hatch 1 30 25628 180 12458 1.25 1435 2326

11 Hatch 4 30 24959 180 13168 1.32 1398 2326

11 Hatch 2 30 24551 180 12983 1.30 1375 2326

11 Hatch 3 30 23800 180 12698 1.27 1333 2326

11 Hatch 2 27 22940 240 13700 1.37 1285 3101

14 Hatch 4 30 21775 210 14899 1.49 1219 5593

14 Hatch 1 30 21504 210 14374 1.44 1204 5593

11 Hatch 1 27 21437 240 13317 1.33 1200 3101

11 Hatch 4 27 20328 240 13542 1.35 1138 3101

11 Hatch 3 27 20084 240 13251 1.33 1125 3101

11 Hatch 4 25 15260 300 14295 1.43 855 3876

11 Hatch 2 25 14699 300 14251 1.43 823 3876


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Confronting with the open access (1999 like) in

terms of production, externalities, natural ecruitment

parameters/scenarios

Full expl.

1999

Full

expl.

2000

Scen

Mix

Scen

Nat

Scen

Mix2

Conse

rvatio

n

boats # 1400 600 400 4000

workers # 2500 2500 977 1130 1543 0

global surface used [ha] 40500 40500 3600 4600 3600 0

global surface fished/year [ha] 40500 40500 2160 2760 2160 0

sediment loss (from Orel et al.,

2000) [mc] 405000 405000 21600 27600

2160

0

0

externalities (1999 value) [million

euro] 12.15 12.15 0.65 0.83 0.65

0

production [tons/year] 40000 30000 19549 22608

3085

3

0

profits**( 20% premium price

quality) [million euro] 64 48 49 57 77

0

% externalities 19% 25% 1.3% 1.5% 0.8% 0


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sensitivity

Sensitivity to seeding month is very high -38%- confirming modelsensitivity to environmental conditions.

Average sensitivity to harvesting size is 27%: this value is almostconstant among each of the 4 area types, but it changes whenchanging seeding size and, even more when changing seeding

type. Average sensitivity to area type is 12%. This value presentshigher variability when, again, changing seeding type.

Sensitivity to price is very high: simulating a decrease of 1 euroand 2 euro (average -27% and 54% respectively over 60simulations) gives an average decrease of59% and 117% in profits.

This is a first indication which suggests that the productivity is lesssensitive to trophic variability than to management choices andeconomic constrains.


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Conclusions 2.

1) The integrated model confirms the feasibilityof the developed management plan.

2) productivity inefficiencies are more related to

fishermen management choices and seedscarcity than to environmental constrains;

3) Model shows that due to the high range ofuncertainty, (Natural: mainly predation and

mortality) (and Economic price, consumerpreferences), it is advisable to limit the numberof clam farmers to 700-800 units.


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riferimento Scenario climaticoA2

Temperatura e clorofilla mensile, media 30 anni: RF= riferimentoA2= climatico

Canu, Campastrini, Dalla Riva, Pastres, Pizzo, Rosetto & Solidoro - Littoral 2010 (Education Centre)

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Transcript of Canu, Campastrini, Dalla Riva, Pastres, Pizzo, Rosetto & Solidoro - Littoral 2010 (Education Centre)