CanadaThe name Canada is derived from the

Iroquoian word kanata, which means village

Canada slightly higher than U.S. on Uncertainty Avoidance

Similar to U.S. on Power Distance

Slightly lower than U.S. on Individuality, Masculinity, Long-Term Orientation

Population density by region

Quebec City

MontrealToronto

Vancouver

Edmonton

CalgaryWinnipeg

British loyalists – American Revolutionary War

Second largest nation

Pop. 33 ½ Million

90% live within 125 miles of US

1867 “Independence”

1965 Maple Leaf flag replaced the Union Jack

Life expectancy

1995 Quebec Separatist movement

English speaking 60 percent

French 24 percent.

English and French 17 percent

EgalitarianismMetaphor – Backpack and Flag

Patch on bags: I am Canadian (not American)

Indirect communication – never “in your face”

Willing to accept others as equals, even if different

City dwellers

Youth connection with nature

Humility

Internalize problems and concerns

Emphasize good manners and conflict avoidance, but not at the expense of the truth

Accept situations they don’t like, instead of complaining

Support for universal health care and social safety net

Most accept the trade-off (higher taxes, greater social services)

Cultural Symbols

Hockey

The Royal Canadian Mounted Police

The Beaver

Cooperation

Industriousness

Patience

A kind of national politeness

Concern for order and stability

Identity as communal rather than individualistic.

The Beaver

Industriousness

Toiling

Triumph over the seasons

Humble, nonpredatory, and diligent

Olympics Logo

The Canadian Mosaic Culture

Canada's Inuit

Inukshuk

600 recognized First Nations governments

Cree

Inuit

Ojibwe

First Nations – Native American Indian Tribes

Hockey

Both prefer a low-context form of communication (context doesn’t matter, just say what you believe)

Accomplishing a goal is more important than the process or getting to know one another before working together.

Year Gold Silver Bronze1920 Canada United States Czechoslovakia1924 Canada United States Great Britain1928 Canada Sweden Switzerland1932 Canada United States Germany1936 Great Britain Canada United States1948 Canada Czechoslovakia Switzerland1952 Canada United States Sweden1956 Soviet Union United States Canada1960 United States Canada Soviet Union1964 Soviet Union Sweden Czechoslovakia1968 Soviet Union Czechoslovakia Canada1972 Soviet Union United States Czechoslovakia1976 Soviet Union Czechoslovakia West Germany1980 United States Soviet Union Sweden1984 Soviet Union Czechoslovakia Sweden1988 Soviet Union Finland Sweden1992 CIS Canada Czechoslovakia1994 Sweden Canada Finland1998 Czech Republic Russia Finland2002 Canada United States Russia2006 Sweden Finland Czech Republic

CurlingInvented in Scotland, brought

to Canada by Scottish immigrants

Olympics:

Men: Silver 1998 2002 Gold 2006

Women: Gold 1998 Bronze 2002 2006

Nova ScotiaChateau Frontenac, Quebec City

Moraine Lake in Banff National Park, Alberta. The intense blue waters of the lake come from the run-off of nearby glaciers.

Canadians as Non-Americans

May be the essence of Canadian culture, defining itself in terms of what it is NOT

While US Constitution emphasizes “life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness” the Canadian Constitution emphasizes “peace, order, and good government”

“Joe’s Rant”