5/21/2012

NAME : LOKESH AGRAWAL

SEMESTER : 6th

CCT-ID : 9034

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ACKNOWLEDGENT :

I wish to express my sincere gratitude to Dr R.S. Jain, Prof. Madan Lowry for providing me information related to cannabis substance dependent disorder’.

I also wish to express my gratitude to the officials and other staff members of ”CCT” who rendered their help during the period of my study.Last but not least I wish to avail myself of this opportunity, express a sense of gratitude and love to my friends and my beloved brother for his manual support, strength, help and for everything .

NAME : LOKESH AGRAWAL SEMESTER : 7th

CCT(UOR), JAIPUR.AFFILATION : Prof. Shusheela pareek

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INDEX :

KEY WORDS : INRODUCTION: CANNABIS PREPARATIONS :

SOURCE CHEMICAL NATURE METHODS OF USE

CASE STUDY : NATURE OF DISEASE : PROBLEMS OCCUR TO CANNABIS USE : SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS : ETIOLOGY : PSYCHOSOCIAL REGIONS : TREATMENT :

o DIAGNOSTIC o CLINICAL FEATURES

KEY WORDS :

Cannabinoids. RECEPTORS CB1 AND CB2 Intoxication Delirium. Anxiety. Cognitive impairment

Introduction :

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Cannabis, more commonly called marijuana, refers to the several varieties of Cannabis sativa , or Indian hemp plant, that contains the psychoactive drug delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). Cannabis-related disorders refer to problems associated with the use of substances derived from this plant.

Description

Cannabis—in the form of marijuana, hashish (a dried resinous material that seeps from cannabis leaves and is more potent than marijuana), or other cannabinoids—is considered the most commonly used illegal substance in the world. Its effects have been known for thousands of years, and were described as early as the fifth century B.C., when the Greek historian Herodotus told of a tribe of nomads who, after inhaling the smoke of roasted hemp seeds, emerged from their tent excited and shouting for joy.

PREPARATION OF CANNABIS : SOURCE : Cannabis preparations are obtained from the plant CANNABIS SATIVA ,which has been used in china ,india and europe.It is introduced in europe in early 19th century by napolean’s army returning from egypt.

Canabis was most often used for fiber and therapeutic purposes.

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Chemical nature : most commonly used canabinoids are Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol(THC) and cannabidiols(CBD).

-BOTH ARE NEUROPROTECTIVE THROUGH THEIR ANTIOXIDATIVE ACTIVITY.

-RECEPTORS : THERE ARE AT LEAST TWO TYPES OF RECEPTORS CB1 AND CB2 .

-CB1 PRESENT IN BRAIN AND MEDIATES THE PSYCHOLOGICAL AND BEHAVIORAL EFECTS

-CB2 RECEPTORS IS ASSOCIATED WITH THE IMMUNE SYSTEM AND APPEARS TO MODULATE INFLAMMATORY RESPONCES.

-MOST COMMON PREPARATIONS ARE MARIJUANA,HASHISH AND HASH OIL.

CASE STUDY : Patient information :

Name : Ankur Sain

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Age : 21

Sex : Male

Occupation : College student

OBJECTIVES : cannabis is the most frequently misused substance , so we want to study the various effects , signs and symptoms on a patient suffered from cannabis related disorders.

METHOD :

1.NORMAL TALKING WITH PATIENT

2.REASONING TEST

3.INTERVIEW

4.TASK PERFORMANCE

5.CARRIER SUCCESS OF PATIENT

Information given by relatives validated the patient.

Signs and Symptoms :

central features of cannabis dependence are compulsive use, tolerance of its effects, and withdrawal symptoms. Use may interfere with family, school, and work, and may cause legal problems.

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Regular cannabis smokers may show many of the same respiratory symptoms as tobacco smokers. These include daily cough and phlegm, chronic bronchitis, and more frequent chest colds. Continued use can lead to abnormal functioning of the lung tissue, which may be injured or destroyed by the cannabis smoke.

smoking marijuana has the potential to cause severe increases in heart rate and blood pressure, particularly if combined with cocaine use. Even with marijuana use alone, however, the heart rate of subjects increased an average of 29 beats per minute when smoking marijuana.

users has shown that critical skills related to attention, memory, and learning can be impaired, even after use is discontinued for at least 24 hours. Heavy users, compared to light users, made more errors on tasks and

PSYCHOSOCIAL REGIONS:

The frequency of cannabis use were obtained for the period from age 14–21 years, together with measures of psychosocial outcomes including property/violent crime, depression, suicidal ideation, suicide attempt and other illicit drug use.

Particularly regular or heavy use, was associated with increased rates of a range of adjustment problems in adolescence/ young adulthood—other illicit drug use, crime, depression and suicidal behaviours—with these

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adverse effects being most evident for school-aged regular users. The findings reinforce public health concerns about minimizing the use of cannabis among school-aged populations.

RESULTS :

Various harm full effects saw in patient these are under below :

1.Intoxication Delirium : psychotic symptoms ,such as delusions and hallucinations ,are appear at very high dose of THC. Visual and auditory hallucination ,delusional ideas are reported by using heavy dose of cannabis.

2.Cannabis-induced Anxiety disorder: these effects are most commonly reported by new users who are unfamiliar with the effect of the drug. Cannabis induced palpitations and feeling of faintness are interpreted .

3.smoking marijuana has the potential to cause severe increases in heart rate and blood pressure, particularly if combined with cocaine use. Even with marijuana use alone, however, the heart rate of subjects increased an average of 29 beats per minute when smoking marijuana.

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4.users has shown that critical skills related to attention, memory, and learning can be impaired, even after use is discontinued for at least 24 hours. Heavy users, compared to light users, made more errors on tasks and

CONCLUSIONS :

Cannabis substances are harmful to ones health as well as also effect the brain functioning , motor activities , tolerance of its effects and withdrawal symptomps.