Can we alleviate consequences of cardiac

disease by dietary intervention?

Gunnar Molland

Health Product Manager

PRODUCTS NO UK TARGET & MISSION

intro FW Maintain optimal health and growth during sea

transfer phase intro SW

primo Plus 3 Prepare for efficient immune response

actio Q Facilitate and support disease handling and recovery

focus lice Plus 4 Reinforcing barriers towards infections and

infestations

focus winter Primarily targeted towards winter ulcers

BioMar Health Products

The heart and circulatory system

MAMMAL

FISH 1 circuit

2 circuits

Low pressure

Coronary supply

High/mod pressure

Only partial coronary supply

Only for the outer compact layer HSMI

CMS

The heart and circulatory system

That’s not the shape of my heart....(Sting, 1993)

Effects of reduced circulatory output

Reduced (aerobic) metabolic capacity

Risk of ischemia in «underprioritized» tissues

Reduced ability to absorb and transport O2

GROWTH IMMUNE RESPONSE

SKIN WINTER ULCERS ?

GILL DAMAGE AGD ?

How can we influence this by nutrition?

Affecting the pathogens possibility to cause damage

via the host’s immune system

Enhancing the host’s ability to maintain important

physiological processes despite damage

flexible and robust organ systems keeping spare capacity

Positive contributions from krill oil

Differences in structure and function TG vs PL

Triglyceride (fish oils) Phospholipids (krill oil)

Membrane Fat cell

• Non-polar

• Hydrophobic

• Polar

• Hydrophilic - mixes with water

Function

Charac-

teristics

• Main structural component in all cell membranes

• Energy storage

Structural

form

Fatty acids

Glycerol Choline

Phosphate

Glycerol

Fatty acids

Effects of krill oil on heart tissue

Reduced fat in heart tissue in obese rats Increased levels of omega-3 in rat heart

Improves heart function in rats Beneficial regulation of heart genes in rats

7,8

13,213,7

-43%

Krill oil Fish oil Control

Heart triglycerides mmol/g

*LVEDD: left ventricular end-diastolic diameter. ** MI: Myocardial Infarction/Heart attack

EPA and DHA levels in heart phospholipids nmol/mg lipids

EPA levels DHA levels

3618

2

Control

X18

Krill oil Fish oil

119

+112%

Krill oil

252

Fish oil

177

Control

Infarction damage (∆LVEDD*) mm

1,5

2,3

1,0

-35%

Krill oil MI

Control MI

Control Non MI**

58

-42%

Krill oil Control

100 61

-39%

Krill oil Control

100

-72%

Krill oil

28

Control

100

Gene expression levels (markers of stress and inflammation)

ANP TIMP IL-6

4 4

20 20

4 Batetta B., et al. 2009. J Nutr, 139(8):1495-150

20 Fosshaug L. E., et al. 2011. BMC Lipids in Health and Disease, 10(1):245

Results

Treatment

• 8 weeks of daily intake

• 2 g Superba™ krill oil or fish oil

Significantly higher omega-3 index after krill oil treatment compared to fish oil treatment

Subjects

• Healthy male and female subjects

Study details

• Single centre, open-label, randomised two-way crossover study

Study overview

97,981,3

+20%

98,376,8

+28%

[ng*h/(mg*ml)]

EPA in plasma phospholipids

DHA in plasma phospholipids

4,22,5

Fish oil Krill oil

+68%

Omega-3 index

[%*h/g]

Increased presence in blood

Increased uptake in red blood cells

Influence on distribution of EPA/DHA

Fat deposition on salmon hearts

Master UMB n=2700 (291 families)

90%

Shehzad/NVH

50%

Nofima/BioMar feed A

0%

Nofima/BioMar feed B

Last moth before harvesting 5,5-6,7 kg n=40

Heart pathology in HSMI transmission trial

• 1 test feed + 1 control

• 4 replicates = 12 tanks=1 test cell

• 100 fish/tank, 20 g + shredder fish

• 1 week acclimatization

• 6 week feeding before challenge

• 14 week challenge

• Cohabitant challenge, i.e. injection of virus in shedder fish that

are put in all tanks

• Sampling:

1. 0-sampling 6 weeks before start. 8 fish

2. After 6 weeks feeding (befor challenge)

3. 3 weeks post challenge

4. 6, 8, 9, 10 and 12 weeks post challenge

Heart pathology in HSMI transmission trial

Control

wpc

6 8 10 12 14

Sco

re (

1-3

)

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

102

wpc

6 8 10 12 14

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

Box: 50% of observations Bars: 95% of observations Black line: Median Red line: Mean

Scale 1-3 measures severity of tissue damage. Score 3 is max n=32 (8 fish/tank x 4 tanks)

Mortality during feed trial at commercial site

Located in Mid-Norway, S1-2012

History of HSMI, CMS diagnosed

Feed trial april - september 2013 (harvest)

2 + 2 cages included in feed trial

C2

3,58kg

99’

C6

3,51kg

144’

C4

3,51kg

156’

C5

3,76kg

158’

CMS signs

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

Cage 4 Cage 5

0,0

0,5

1,0

1,5

2,0

2,5

apr-mai jun-jul aug-sep

Cage 2

Cage 6

Cage 5

Cage 4

Feed 1

Feed 2

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

Cage 6 Cage 2

Mortality during feed trial at commercial site

Pre-trial vs during trial (%) Relative mortality per 2 months during trial

pre

pre

pre

pre

with CMS-pathology

without CMS-pathology

without CMS-pathology

with CMS-pathology Feed 1

Feed 2

We see some very promising indications

Corresponds with documentation from mammals

More analytical work to verify effects

Investigate physiological enhancement as well as

influence on pathology

Conclusions and further work

Thank you !