Can vigorous rootstock be used to manage verticillium wilt? ‘Maxifort’
description
Transcript of Can vigorous rootstock be used to manage verticillium wilt? ‘Maxifort’
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• Can vigorous rootstock be used to manage verticillium wilt?– ‘Maxifort’
• How does grafting fit in with fumigation?– Additive or alternative
• Can we reduce economic constraints through cultural methods?– Plant spacing
Cedar Meadow Farm
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GraftingGraftingTrial plantedTrial planted
May 12thMay 12th
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Cultural Management
Twin Leader
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Fumigation Spacing Grafting
Yes
18”Non
‘Maxifort’
24”Non
‘Maxifort’
36”Non
‘Maxifort’
No
18”Non
‘Maxifort’
24”Non
‘Maxifort’
36”Non
‘Maxifort’
Cedar Meadow Farm
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• Fall Fumigation
• ‘BHN 589’
• “Twin-heading”
• Disease ratings
• Data collection
• Mid-October
Cedar Meadow FarmNon Maxifort Non Maxifort Non Maxifort
12’
Non Maxifort Non Maxifort Non Maxifort
12’
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GraftinGraftingg
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ScionScion
RootstoRootstockck
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Maxifort rootstock-gone Maxifort rootstock-gone wild!wild!
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High horsepowerHigh horsepower“Grafted”Grafted” snow blower!snow blower!
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Lancaster County - 2008: Main Effects
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No Yes 18" 24" 36" Non Maxifort
Fumigant Plant Spacing Grafting
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ilt in
cid
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P < 0.01 P = NS P = NS
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Verticillium Wilt
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Lancaster County - 2008: Main Effects
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No Yes 18" 24" 36" Non Maxifort
Fumigant Plant Spacing Grafting
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P < 0.05 P = NS P < 0.01
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Y
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Verticillium Wilt
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Lancaster County - 2008: Main Effects
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No Yes 18" 24" 36" Non Maxifort
Fumigant Plant Spacing Grafting
Ma
rke
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ield
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YYZ
Z A
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LSD based on P=0.01
Marketable Fruit Weight
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Lancaster County - 2008
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18" 24" 36" 18" 24" 36"
Non-grafted Maxifort
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LSD based on P=0.05
Marketable Fruit Weight
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LSD based on P=0.05
Marketable Yield (tons/acre) Non-grafted Maxifort (Max-Non)
18" Spacing 50.13 B 58.74 C 8.61
24" Spacing 48.50 B 56.87 C 8.37
36" Spacing 40.94 A 52.13 BC 11.19
Marketable Fruit Weight
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Lancaster County - Main Effects
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18" 24" 36" Non Maxifort
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keta
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LSD based on P=0.05
Marketable Fruit Number
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Lancaster County - Main Effects
0.00
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Avg
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LSD based on P=0.01
Marketable Fruit Size
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Lancaster County - Main Effects: Grafting
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18-Jul 1-Aug 15-Aug 29-Aug 12-Sep 26-Sep 10-Oct 24-Oct
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Maxifort
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Yield Dynamics
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Lancaster County - Main Effects: Plant Spacing
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Cu
mu
lati
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ield
(to
ns
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18"
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P<0.01
Yield Dynamics
P<0.01
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Marketable Yield (lbs/plant)
Plant Spacing Non-grafted Maxifort
18" 20.89 24.48
24" 26.95 31.59
36" 34.12 43.45
Per Plant Productivity
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None graftedNone grafted
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GraftedGrafted
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None graftedNone grafted
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GraftedGrafted
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Non GraftedNon Grafted
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GraftedGrafted
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The Bottom The Bottom line…line…Grafted-55.9 tons/A Grafted-55.9 tons/A
4,472- 25lb boxes/A4,472- 25lb boxes/A
Non-Grafted-46.5 tons/A Non-Grafted-46.5 tons/A
3,720- 25 lb. boxes/A3,720- 25 lb. boxes/A
20% increase in 20% increase in yieldyield
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The Bottom The Bottom line…line…
9.4 more tons per acre9.4 more tons per acre Or, 752 more boxes per acreOr, 752 more boxes per acre @ $12.00 per box (#1’s and @ $12.00 per box (#1’s and
#2’s) = $9,024 increase#2’s) = $9,024 increase Or, $1.88 per plant increaseOr, $1.88 per plant increase
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How much does it cost to How much does it cost to graft?graft?
Healing chamberHealing chamber Labor costsLabor costs Grow 2 sets of plantsGrow 2 sets of plants
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Cary Rivard, Graduate Research AssistantNorth Carolina State University-Technical advisor
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Is Grafting in your future?
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Permanent Cover Cropping SystemPermanent Cover Cropping System
Steve GroffSteve GroffCedar Meadow Farm Cedar Meadow Farm
Holtwood, PA Holtwood, PA
[email protected]@cedarmeadowfarm.
comcom
www.cedarmeadowfarm.com
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• Fall fumigation did not reduce disease incidence and had no effect on fruit yield. Fumigation should have been done in the spring.
• ‘Maxifort’ rootstock increased yield across at all levels of plant spacing and fumigation.– Fruit size and number
• Similar per acre yields were seen with half the number of grafted plants.
• Increased spacing and ‘Maxifort’ slowed early season production.
• Per plant yield was increased by 4-10 lbs/plant with ‘Maxifort.
Summary