Cân Bằng Hóa Học - Huỳnh Văn Dũng

1. BI GING HO HC 10NC 1 CN BNG HO HC Bi 50

2. S CHUYN DCH CN BNG HA HC Quan st th nghim. Nhn xt hin tng. Th nghim1 2NO2(k) N2O4(k) BI GING HO HC 10NC 2

3. S CHUYN DCH CN BNG HA HC Hin tng- Gii thch Hin tng: ng nghim ngm trong nc c mu nht hn Gii thch: Cc phn t NO2 (nu ) phn ng vi nhau to ra N2O4 (khng mu) nng NO2 gim, nng N2O4 tng S CHUYN DCH CN BNG HA HC 2 BI GING HO HC 10NC 3

4. S CHUYN DCH CN BNG HA HC nh Ngha S chuyn dch cn bng ha hc l s chuyn dch t trng thi cn bng ny sang trng thi cn bng khc do tc ng cc yu t t bn ngoi ln cn bng. Th no l chuyn dch cn bng ha hc ? Nhng yu t lm chuyn dch cn bng Nng Nhit p sut 3 BI GING HO HC 10NC - 4

5. N2O4 NO2 NO2 Nng 1 CC YU T NH HNG N CN BNG HA HC BI GING HO HC 10NC 5

6. N2O4 NO2 NO2 BI GING HO HC 10NC 6

7. NO2 NO2 N2O4 N2O4 NO2 NO2 NO2 NO2 BI GING HO HC 10NC 7

8. NO2 NO2 NO2 NO2N2O4N2O4 BI GING HO HC 10NC 8

9. Nng 1 Khi tng hoc gim nng mt cht trong h cn bng, cn bng s chuyn dch theo chiu lm gim tc ng ca vic tng hoc gim 2 2 C 2 4 [NO ] K [N O ] iu g s xy ra nu: - Tng nng N2O4? - Tng nng NO2? N2O4(k) 2NO2(k) CC YU T NH HNG N CN BNG HA HC BI GING HO HC 10NC 9

10. p sut2 N2O4(k) 2NO2(k) TNG P SUT GIM P SUT Hon thnh phiu hc tp s 1 01:0000:5900:5800:5700:5600:5500:5400:5300:5200:5100:5000:4900:4800:4700:4600:4500:4400:4300:4200:4100:4000:3900:3800:3700:3600:3500:3400:3300:3200:3100:3000:2900:2800:2700:2600:2500:2400:2300:2200:2100:2000:1900:1800:1700:1600:1500:1400:1300:1200:1100:1000:0900:0800:0700:0600:0500:0400:0300:0200:0100:00 CC YU T NH HNG N CN BNG HA HC BI GING HO HC 10NC 10

11. Quan st hin tng th nghim 1. Khi nn p sut mu hn hp kh nh th no ? . 2. Khi gim p sut mu hn hp kh nh th no ?......................................... C s l thuyt 1. Vit 1 phng trnh vt l (hoc ha hc) bit v mi quan h gia s mol v p sut ? .. 2. T phng trnh trn cho bit mi tng quan gia (t l thun, hay nghch) gia hai i lng s mol v p sut. 3. T phng trnh phn ng N2O4(k) 2NO2(k) Phn ng thun: s mol p sut . Phn ng nghch: s mol p sut . Nhn xt hin tng Khi: Tng p sut s mol tng Th: Cn bng chuyn dch theo chiu nghch to N2O4 s mol gim gim p sut Khi: Gim p sut s mol gim Th: Cn bng chuyn dch theo chiu thun to NO2 s mol tng tng p sut Nht dn (to N2O4) m dn (to NO2) nRT = PV T l thun Tng Tng Gim Gim Tng p sut Gim p sut Tng p sut Gim p sut

12. Khi thay i p sut ca h cn bng, cn bng s dch chuyn theo chiu lm gim tc ng ca s thay i p sut2 Khi no p sut khng nh hng ti h cn bng ? H khng c cht kh S mol kh 2 v ca phng trnh bng nhau CC YU T NH HNG N CN BNG HA HC BI GING HO HC 10NC 12 a/ 2SO2(k)+O2(k) 2SO3(k) b/ CaCO3(r) CaO(r) + CO2(k) c/ H2(k) + Br2(k) 2HBr(k)

13. Khi tng nhit , cn bng chuyn dch theo chiu phn ng thu nhit (chng li s tng nhit) Khi gim nhit , cn bng chuyn dch theo chiu phn ng ta nhit (chng li s gim nhit) H= 58 kJ > 0 thu nhit Nhit 3 N2O4(k) 2NO2(k) CC YU T NH HNG N CN BNG HA HC BI GING HO HC 10NC 13

14. CC YU T NH HNG N CN BNG HA HC Mt phn ng thun nghch ang trng thi cn bng, khi chu tc ng bn ngoi nh bin i nng , p sut, nhit , th cn bng s chuyn dch theo chiu lm gim tc ng bn ngoi . Nguyn l chuyn dch cn bng Le Chatelier Nguyn l Le Chatelier4 Hon thnh phiu hc tp s 2 01:0000:5900:5800:5700:5600:5500:5400:5300:5200:5100:5000:4900:4800:4700:4600:4500:4400:4300:4200:4100:4000:3900:3800:3700:3600:3500:3400:3300:3200:3100:3000:2900:2800:2700:2600:2500:2400:2300:2200:2100:2000:1900:1800:1700:1600:1500:1400:1300:1200:1100:1000:0900:0800:0700:0600:0500:0400:0300:0200:0100:00 BI GING HO HC 10NC 14

15. Xc Tc5 CC YU T NH HNG N CN BNG HA HC CHT XC TC Khng bin i nng cc cht Tng tc phn ng thun v nghch nh nhau Khng bin i hng s cn bng KHNG LM CHUYN DCH CN BNG BI GING HO HC 10NC 15

16. NGHA TRONG SN XUT HA H C ng Vi tr nh tng hp v c, hy thit k iu kin cho phn ng tng hp NH3 v SO3 sao cho hiu sut cao nht theo hai cn bng sau: 2SO2 + O2 2SO3 H= -198 kJ N2 + 3H2 2NH3 H = -92 kJ Bi Tp Nhm BI GING HO HC 10NC 16

17. NGHA TRONG SN XUT HA H C Thay i cc yu t: nhit , nng , p sut, cht xc tc TNG TC PHN NG TNG HIU SUT PHN NG BI GING HO HC 10NC 17

18. THM HOC BT CC CHT TG & SP THM AXIT VO H THAY I NHIT CHNG CT SN PHM LIN TC THAY I P SUT N2 + 3H2 2NH3 H = -92 kJ

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