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tool. Holding mass meetings with speakers is powerful as it shows

visually, through the number of people in attendance, the support

that the campaign has.

Modern technology and the internetMain article: Internet activism

The internet is now a core element of modern political campaigns.

Communication technologies such as e-mail, web sites, and

podcasts for various forms of activism to enable faster

communications by citizen movements and deliver a message to a

large audience. These Internet technologies are used for cause-

related fundraising, lobbying, volunteering, and communitybuilding, and organizing. Individual political candidates are also

using the internet to promote their election campaign.

Signifying the importance of internet political campaigning, Barack

Obamas presidential campaign relied heavily on social media, and

new media channels to engage voters, recruit campaign volunteers,

and raise campaign funds. The campaign brought the spotlight on

the importance of using internet in new-age political campaigningby utilizing various forms of social media and new media (including

Facebook, YouTube and a custom generated social engine) to reach

new target populations. The campaigns social website,my.BarackObama.com, utilized a low cost and efficient method of

mobilizing voters and increasing participation among various voter

populations. This new media was incredibly successful at reaching

the younger population while helping all populations organize and

promote action.

HustingA husting, or the hustings, was originally a physical platform from

which representatives presented their views or cast votes before a

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parliamentary or other election body. By metonymy, the term may

now refer to any event, such as debates or speeches, during an

election campaign where one or more of the representative

candidates are present.

Other techniques

Writing directly to members of the public (either via a

professional marketing firm or, particularly on a small scale,by volunteers)

By distributing leaflets or selling newspapers

Through websites, online communities, and solicited or

unsolicited bulk email

Through a new technique known as Micro targeting that helps

identify and target small demographic slices of voters

Through a whistlestop toura series of brief appearances in

several small towns

Hampering the ability of political competitors to campaign, by

such techniques as counter-rallies, picketing of rival partiesmeetings, or overwhelming rival candidates offices withmischievous phone calls (most political parties in

representative democracies publicly distance themselves from

such disruptive and morale-affecting tactics, with the exception

of those parties self-identifying as activist

Organizing political house parties

Using endorsements of other celebrated party members to

boost support (see coattail effect) Remaining close to or at home to make speeches to supporters

who come to visit as part of a front porch campaign

Vote-by-mail, previously known as absentee ballots havegrown significantly in importance as an election tool. Today,

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Layton_and_Duceppe_baby-kissing.jpg

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campaigns in most states must have a strategy in place to

impact early voting

Sale of official campaign merchandise (colloquially known

aschum,in reference to the baiting technique) as a way of

commuting a competitors popularity into campaign donations,

volunteer recruitment, and free advertising[3]

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Election_campaign#cite_note-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Election_campaign#cite_note-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Election_campaign#cite_note-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chum