CAMERA USE, BASICS

Canon Training Network.1


Level 1 – Camera Use Basics


Camera Use Basics

Lenses

Autofocus

Drive Modes

Shooting Modes

Contents


Lenses

Camera Use Basics


Camera Use Basics

• Lens focal length is really about field-of-view, called FOV

• Fisheye ‘sees’ 180 degrees

• 500mm ‘sees’ 5 degrees

Lenses


Camera Use Basics Lenses

15mmfisheye14mm20mm24mm28mm35mm50mm85mm100mm135mm200mm300mm400mm600mm


Camera Use Basics

• The name of a lens tells you all the important information about it

Understanding lens names

EF The lens type (EF, EF-S, MP-E, TS-E)

100-400mm The focal length and lens type (zoom or prime)

f/4.5-5.6 The maximum aperture

L An L series lens (not present on Non-L series lenses)

IS Features Image Stabilizer

USM Features an ultrasonic motor for silent and fast auto

focusing


Camera Use Basics

• Wide-angle lenses

– 10mm to 35mm

• Capture a wide view

• Used for landscapes

Lenses



• Standard lenses– 35mm to

50mm

• FOV similar to human eye

• Natural perspective



• Telephoto lenses– 85mm to

300mm

• Used for subjects

further away

• Compress perspective



• Super- telephoto lenses

– 400mm to 800mm

• Used for subjects you can not get close to

• Sports and wildlife


Camera Use Basics

Zoom lenses

• Provide a range of focal lengths in one

• E.g. EF24-105mm f4L IS USM

• More versatile than single focal length

• Can be Wide-angle, Standard or Telephoto lenses

• Smaller maximum aperture than prime lenses

• Usually heavier and larger than prime lenses

• Use Stabilizer Mode 1 for everyday use

Lenses


Camera Use Basics

Prime lenses

• Single focal length

• Usually high quality

• Usually faster maximum aperture

• E.g. EF 50mm f/1.4 USM

• Can be Wide-angle, Standard or Telephoto type

Lenses


Camera Use Basics

• Canon has two types of lenses– EF fits all cameras– EF-S fits APS-C cameras

• EF and EF-S lenses mount differently

• Cameras that can use both feature two alignment marks

– Red dot – EF lenses– White square – EF-S lenses

EF or EF-S


Camera Use Basics

• Two lens types in the Canon system– EF – approx. 50 current lenses– EF-S – approx. 10 current lenses

• EF-S for cameras such as EOS 450D and EOS 40D

• EF lenses for cameras such as EOS-1D Mark III and EOS-1Ds Mark III but can also be used on all other models

• EF-S lenses have a short back-focus design making wide-angle lenses possible with APS-C sensors

EF or EF-S


Camera Use Basics

Kit lenses

• Basic lens range aimed at beginners

• E.g. EF-S 18-55mm f/3.5-5.6 IS and EF-S 55-250 f/4-5.6 IS

• Low-cost and good image quality

Lens ranges


Camera Use Basics

Mid-range lenses

• Largest section of the Canon lens range covering a wide range of focal lengths

• Higher image quality

• Better build quality

• Aimed at mid-range consumer users

Lens ranges


Camera Use Basics

L lenses

• The ‘Luxury’ lenses

• Highest image quality

• Most durable

• For professionals and enthusiasts

• Red band on lens

Lens ranges


Autofocus

Camera Use Basics


1.2 auto focus.swf

Camera Use Basics Autofocus


Camera Use Basics

• Four focus modes on consumer models– One Shot– AI Focus– AI Servo– Manual focus

• Three focus modes on professional models

– One Shot– AI Servo– Manual focus

Focus modes

AF mode

One-Shot AF

AI FOCUS AI SERVOONE SHOT


Camera Use Basics

• Most commonly used autofocus mode

• Used for static subjects– Portraits– Landscapes

One Shot AF


Camera Use Basics

• Used for moving subjects– Sports– Wildlife

• Predictive tracking focus keeps following the subject until the picture is taken

AI Servo AF


Camera Use Basics

• A combination of One Shot and AI Servo

• One shot normally

• AI Servo when subject movement detected

AI Focus AF


Camera Use Basics

• Everyone has different eyesight – all models offer viewfinder dioptre adjustment

• Use the dial next to the viewfinder

• +3 to -1 dioptre range

• Remove lens, look through the viewfinder and rotate the dial until the viewfinder info and focus points are sharp

• Accessory lenses are available for further correction

Dioptre correction

Dioptre dial


Drive Modes

Camera Use Basics


Single Shot

Camera Use Basics Drive modes

• EOS cameras offer a selection of drive mode choices

• Drive modes control how the camera takes a picture

• EOS Cameras typically offer three choices

Continuous

Self Timer


Camera Use Basics

• Used for static subjects

• Takes only one image when shutter button pressed

• Release shutter button back to half pressure and re-press to take another image

Single shot


Camera Use Basics

• Used to capture action

• Continues taking images whilethe shutter button is pressed

• The maximum frame rate varies depending on the model

– EOS 450D = 3.5fps

– EOS-1D Mark III = 10fps

Continuous shooting


Camera Use Basics

• Used for static subjects and self-portraits

• Delays the release of the shutter after pressing the shutter button

• 2 or 10 second delay

Self-timer


Camera Use Basics

• A limited range of cameras have this mode

• Self timer operation with the option to set a continuous number of frames to be captured – very useful for self-portraits

Timer continuous

Not quite in place

Expression not right

Just perfect!


Camera Use Basics

• The buffer is an internal memory that determines how many images can be taken in a burst

• Images are written into the buffer and out to the card simultaneously rather than waiting for the buffer to fill before writing to the memory card

• Once the buffer is full, shooting can only take place when there is space for at least one image in the buffer

• Usually quoted as the number of Large JPEG files that can be captured in a sequence

Buffer

1.2 buffer.swf


Shooting Modes

Camera Use Basics


Camera Use Basics

• Shooting modes determine the settings used to capture an image

• Mode dial has two sections– BASIC modes

• Full Auto• Portrait• Landscape• Close-up• Sports• Night Portrait• Flash off

– Creative modes• P• Av• Tv• M• A-DEP

Shooting modes

BASIC modes

Creative modes


Camera Use Basics

• Designed with general photography in mind

• Aperture and shutter values set automatically to prevent camera shake

• Camera sets:– AI Focus– Auto Flash– Auto ISO

• Shutter speed appropriate to focal length

Green square


Camera Use Basics

• Provides a sharp subject against a blurred background

• Degree of blur depends on lens– Tele

• good blurring

– Standard • some blurring

– Wide • little or no blurring

• Camera sets:– One Shot focus – Continuous shooting drive mode– Auto flash

Portrait mode


Camera Use Basics

• Designed to give a good depth-of-field

• Aperture permitted will be controlled by lens fitted and available light

• Camera sets– One Shot focus– Single shot drive mode– Flash Off

Landscape mode


Camera Use Basics

• Designed to avoid camera shake and give good depth-of-field if possible

• Maximum magnification (1:3 to 1:5) on all zoom lenses is at highest focal length

– Designed for subjects 10-15cm diameter close up not macro

• Camera sets– One Shot focus– Single shot drive mode– Auto flash

Close-up mode


Camera Use Basics

• Sets highest shutter speed available

• AI Servo focusing set

• For a better effect pan during exposure

• Camera sets:– AI Servo focus– Continuous shooting drive mode– Flash off

Sport mode


Camera Use Basics

• Designed to combine long exposures with flash

• A tripod is essential as shutter speeds will be too slow to hand-hold and an external flash is recommended as the built in flash may not be powerful enough for many subjects

• Camera sets– One Shot focus– Single shot drive mode– Auto flash

Night portrait mode


Camera Use Basics

• Allows night and lowlight photographs to be taken without the flash firing when not required

• For all lowlight work a tripod is essential

• Camera sets:– AI Focus– Single shot drive mode– Flash off

Flash off mode


Camera Use Basics Basic mode comparison

Name Auto Focus Drive Setting Flash

Full Auto AI Focus Single Shot Auto

Portrait One Shot Continuous Shooting Auto

Landscape One Shot Single Shot Off

Close-up One Shot Single Shot Auto

Sport AI Servo Continuous Shooting Off

Night Portrait One Shot Single Shot Auto

Flash Off AI Focus Single Shot Auto


Camera Use Basics

• Creative modes give the user more creativity and ability to change more settings but require more input from the photographer and a greater understanding of photography

• Additional menus for further settings are displayed

• 5 creative modes (to be covered in Level 2)– Program (P)– Aperture Priority (AV)– Shutter Priority (TV)– Manual (M)– Auto Depth (A-DEP) – on consumer models only

Creative modes

Creative modes


Camera Use Basics

Lenses

Autofocus

Drive Modes

Shooting Modes

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CAMERA USE, BASICS

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