The Two-Factor Hull-White Model : Pricing and Calibration of
Calibration, Temperature & Percent Error What is Calibration? two closest lines calibration of any...
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Transcript of Calibration, Temperature & Percent Error What is Calibration? two closest lines calibration of any...
Calibration, Temperature & Percent Error
What is Calibration?
calibration of any measuring device is: distance between two closest two closest lineslines
• NOTNOT distance between two closest #’s
• NOT all same instruments calibrated the same
not all graduated cylinders calibrated same way
Large graduated cylinder:
? ? capacitycapacity
?? calibration calibration
1000 1000 mlml
10 ml10 ml
? calibration ? calibration 1 ml1 ml
67.4 ml
meniscus falls between 67ml & 68ml
? calibration ? calibration 1 ml1 ml
13.0 ml
what about: 12.9 ml 13.1 ml ? ?
Can you figure the calibration of any piece of lab equipment?
YES
meter stick: two closest lines are 1 mm (millimeter) apart
? calibration? calibration
25 ml25 ml
quadruple beam balance
What’s the calibration? 0.01 g
183.599 g 183.600
g
183.601 g
meniscus between 21.3ml & 22.4ml ? calibration
0.1 ml0.1 ml
BURET: unlike graduated cylinder, numbers go down, so you read backwards compared to way read graduated cylinder
21.35 ml
TemperatureScales
scientifically speaking …
the definition of temperature:
temperature is measure of average kinetic energy of particles in system
comparing 3 different scales
comparing 3 different temperature scales
World’s Record Cold Temperatures Date ˚F ˚C
World : East Antarctica 8/2010 –135.8 –94.7Verkhoyansk, Russia(Siberia) 2/7/1892 –94 –70
Asia: Oimekon, Russia 2/6/1933 –90 –68
Greenland: Northice 1/9/1954 –103 –75
No. America:Snag, Yukon, Canada 2/3/1947 –81 –63
US: Prospect Creek, Alaska 1/23/1971 –80 –62Rogers Pass, Montana 1/20/1954 –70 –56.5
Conversion formulas
To convert between celsius & Kelvin scales:
K = °C + 273 (more precisely 273.15)
°C = K – 273
[F = (9/5 °C) + 32]
errors in science experiments are inevitable and need to be dealt with …
Percent Error
ratio of error to accepted value
% error = error x 100 accepted value
Calculation of Error
measured value – accepted value x 100 accepted value
absolute value: always absolute value: always positivepositive
Data tableData table
1.711.451.57Trial 3
1.691.681.60Trial 2
1.701.401.54Trial 1
Student C
(g/cm3)
Student B
(g/cm3)
Student A
(g/cm3)
students asked to find density of sucrose [sucrose has density of 1.59 g/cm3]
calc differences in densitycalc differences in density
0.120.140.02Trial 3
0.100.090.01Trial 2
0.110.190.05Trial 1
Student C
(g/cm3)
Student B
(g/cm3)
Student A
(g/cm3)
Remember, error is always positive numberRemember, error is always positive number
then calculate % errorthen calculate % error
7.58.81.26Trial 3
6.35.70.63Trial 2
6.911.93.14Trial 1
Student C
% error
Student B
% error
Student A
% error
What can do with error?
•easy to compare data from one student/group to another
•easy to compare data from one trial to another
•can map change from one lab to next or from start of year to end