Calgary over 100 years - Canadian Geographic€¦ · Calgary over 100 years Lesson Overview: ......

THE CANADIAN ATLAS ONLINE ALBERTA – GRADE 4

www.canadiangeographic.ca/atlas

Calgary over 100 years Lesson Overview:

This lesson plan offers students the opportunity to investigate the differences

between Calgary in the early 1900s and Calgary in 2009, focusing on the changes in

people, economy, size, population. (This lesson may easily be adapted for different

cities.)

What did the city look like in 1910? What type of education system was in place?

What was the population? What natural resources did people rely on? How has the

economy changed over 100 years? What similarities exist between communities 100

years ago and today? What predictions can be made as to how the city will look in

100 years?

Students will participate in a teacher guided brainstorm to complete a Venn diagram

that illustrates the differences in Calgary in 1910 and now, as well as the similarities

between the two time frames. Students will then work to complete a collage that

illustrates the evolvement of Calgary over 100 years. Students will develop an

appreciation for the past and examine how respect is important to a community.

Students will be able to apply their knowledge of Calgary to make predictions of how

Alberta has changed over 100 years.

This lesson may be extended by having all the pictures quilted together, which would

also serve to show the connection between the past and the present. This lesson

may be modified by adding different sources for the students to use to come to

different conclusions, bringing in different art forms or music. It is possible to

challenge the more academic students by having them draw more complex

conclusions between Calgary in 1910 and Calgary now. These may include

connections to economic activity, city planning, and evolving populations.

Grade Level:

Social Studies Grade 4

Time Required:

Two classes to allow for effective brainstorm and illustration time. Time may be

extended if the project turns into a quilting activity or if more extensive research is

completed.

Curriculum Connection for Alberta Social Studies Grade 4:

Alberta Social Studies Grade 4

Link to the Canadian Atlas Online (CAOL):

www.canadiangeographic.ca/atlas/

Additional Resources, Materials, and Equipment Required:

• Student Activity Worksheets

“Calgary” Work Booklet



“Calgary” Venn diagram

• Large chart paper

• Markers

• Blank paper

• Pencil crayons, crayons, markers

Additional Resources that may be used to guide students or to extend the lesson:

Calgary Economic Development. “Demographics.”

http://www.calgaryeconomicdevelopment.com/liveWorkPlay/Live/demographics.cfm

##ethnic_diversity

Calgary Economic Development. “History of Calgary.”

http://www.calgaryeconomicdevelopment.com/liveWorkPlay/Live/historyOfCalgary.cf

m

The Canadian Encyclopedia (in conjunction with the Youth Encyclopedia and

Maclean’s Magazine) has various entries on Calgary. Have students enter “Calgary”

into the search criteria. Ensure that “Youth Encyclopedia” and “Maclean’s Magazine”

are also selected.

http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com/index.cfm?PgNm=TCESubjects&Params=A

1.

Main Objective:

Students will demonstrate an understanding and appreciation of how Calgary has

grown and changed economically, socially, and culturally over 100 years.

Learning Outcomes:

By the end of the lesson, students will be able to:

• Explain the economic, social and cultural dimensions of Calgary in the early

1900s.

• Explain the economic, social, and cultural dimensions of Calgary now.

• Evaluate the information presented and come to conclusions that explain the

differences and similarities in Calgary over 100 years.

• Use a variety of sources to draw connections between the past and present.

• Illustrate their understanding of Calgary in the past and in the present.

• Using learned knowledge, make predictions about the future of Calgary.

The Lesson

The Lesson

Teacher Activity Student Activity

Introduction Teacher introduces topic

by providing and reviewing

booklet with students.

Students engage in

reading of booklet

materials and respond to

questions.

Lesson Development Teacher directs class

brainstorm then guides

and prompts students with

questions. Teacher

instructs how to complete

*Students participate in

class brainstorm and

record answers on Venn

Diagrams. Students

review sources given



the Venn Diagram; then

divides class into three

sections, each with one

portion of the Venn

Diagram.

them; then work in groups

to create

illustrations/writing

samples for each section

and link all illustrations

together.

Conclusion Teacher gives a summary

of finished collage,

reviewing key concepts

and subjects covered.

Students explain

significance of their

collage.

*Students will participate in a teacher-guided brainstorm to complete a Venn

diagram that illustrates the differences in Calgary in 1910 and now, as well as the

similarities between the two time frames. Students will then work to complete a

collage that illustrates the evolvement of Calgary over 100 years. Students will

develop an appreciation for the past and examine how respect is important to a

community. Students will be able to apply their knowledge of Calgary to make

predictions of how Alberta has changed over 100 years.

Lesson Extensions

This lesson may be extended by having all the pictures quilted together to show the

change in a city over 100 years. Students may also investigate online and print

sources to create their own Venn diagram before a whole-class one is completed.

This lesson may be extended by having all the pictures quilted together, which would

also serve to show the connection between the past and the present. This lesson

may be modified by adding different sources for the students to use to come to

different conclusions, bringing in different art forms or music. It is possible to

challenge the more academic students by having them draw more complex

conclusions between Calgary in 1910 and Calgary now. These may include

connections to economic activity, city planning, and evolving populations.

Assessment of Student Learning

Student illustrations may be evaluated using a rubric that outlines the criteria

(relation to the past or present, accurate illustration, etc.). Students may also

complete a journal response explaining their understanding of how Calgary has

changed over 100 years, or predicting changes that may occur in the next 100 years.

This will allow students to internalize the content in relation to themselves.



STUDENT ACTIVITY WORKSHEETS

Downtown Calgary early 1900s

Downtown Calgary early 2000s



Calgary Aerial View early 1900s

Calgary Aerial View early 2000s



The city of Calgary is in south-central Alberta at 51°02'43" north latitude and 114°02'23"

west longitude. When the Canadian Pacific Railway reached the area in 1883, Calgary began to

grow into an important commercial and agricultural centre. Today, Calgary is the third-largest

civic municipality by population in Canada. As of the 2008 civic census, Calgary had a

population of 1 042 892iv. The oil and gas industry, agriculture and tourism are mainstays of

the economy. Calgary holds many annual festivals, including the Calgary Stampede. In 1988,

The City also played host to the XV Olympic Winter Games.

Calgary is situated at the junction of the Bow and Elbow rivers in an area of foothills and high

plains, approximately 80 kilometers (km) east of the Canadian Rocky Mountains. Average daily

temperatures range from 16°C in July to −9°C in January. The city is among the sunniest in

Canada, with 2 400 hours of annual sunshine on average.

Most residents rely on natural gas for space heating and domestic hot water. Most electricity is

generated by natural gas and coal. Calgary’s CTrains, however, are powered entirely with

electricity generated by 12 wind turbines in southern Alberta, offsetting 26 000 tonnes (t) of

carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions annually.

http://canmetenergy-canmetenergie.nrcan-

rncan.gc.ca/eng/buildings_communities/communities/publications/calgary.html



Calgary

Originally established in 1875 as a fort by a contingent of the Northwest Mounted Police,

Calgary has grown from a frontier settlement to a world class city. The fort was named

Fort Calgary, after Calgary Bay on Scotland's Isle of Mull. When Canadian Pacific Railway

arrived in Calgary in 1883, the outlook of the settlement immediately improved.

Thousands of settlers, businessman and tourists flooded into the area. In 1894 Calgary

officially became a city. In the following years the population grew from 1,000 to 3,900.

See Calgary Quick Facts for more information.

After the arrival of the railway, the Dominion Government started leasing grazing land at

minimal cost (up to 100,000 acres for one cent per acre per year). As a result of this

policy, large ranching operations were established in the outlying country near Calgary.

Already a transportation and distribution hub, Calgary quickly became the center of

Canada's cattle marketing and meatpacking industries.

Between 1896 and 1914 settlers from all over the world poured into the area in response

to the offer of free "homestead" land. Agriculture and ranching became key components of

the local economy, shaping the future of Calgary for years to come. The world famous

Calgary Stampede, still held annually in July, grew from a small agricultural show and

rodeo started in 1912 by four wealthy ranchers to "the greatest outdoor show on earth."

Two major oil discoveries sealed Calgary's fate as the "oil and gas capital of Canada" and fueled the city's growth.

• The first occurred in 1914 in the Turner Valley area 30 miles south of Calgary • The second in 1947 at Imperial Oil's famous Leduc field near Edmonton

The economic booms and busts associated with an oil-based economy had a significant

impact on Calgary's development and character as a city. In the years leading up to the

deep recession of the early 1980s, politicians and businessmen diversified the economy in

an effort to minimize the impact of fluctuating oil prices and build a stronger economic

base for the future.

Although agriculture and the petroleum industry continue to play a significant role,

Calgary is now home to a wide range of companies involved in telecommunications,

environmental sciences, consulting engineering, food processing, finance and advanced

technologies.

http://www.calgarykiosk.ca/history.php

Schools in Calgary

Number of Schools in Calgary – 1910 Number of Schools in Calgary - 2009

12 – mostly one and two room schools

that taught grades one to twelve.

Around 350. There are elementary

schools, elementary/junior high schools,

junior high schools, and high schools.

There are also specialty schools like

French Immersion, Spanish Immersion,

Sports schools, and Fine Arts schools.



Name:_________________ Date:_____________________

Calgary 1910 Similarities Calgary Now

Calgary over 100 years - Canadian Geographic€¦ · Calgary over 100 years Lesson Overview: ......

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