Cal/Ecotox Toxicity Data for Mallard Duck (Anas platyrhynchos) · toxicity data for mallard duck...

Cal/Ecotox Toxicity Data for Mallard Duck (Anas platyrhynchos)* Page 1

Chemical Tox Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Endpoint Value Note Reference

see citation for doses of 42 compounds TOX-MORT - toxicity benchmarks LD50s for 42 compounds in aqueous and oil see citation tables a 1

vehicles

see citation for doses of 42 compounds TOX-REPRO - development incidence of reduced growth and abnormal survivors see citation tables b 1

for 42 compounds

ACEPHATE 0, 350 mg/kg bw TOX-MORT - dose-response

data

mortality incidence by 20 hrs post-dose 611/3 c 2

ACEPHATE 0, 5 mg/L in water of dietary tadpoles (96 hours) TOX-MORT - dose-response

data

percent mortality 0% @ 5 mg/L d 3

ACEPHATE 0, 5 mg/L in water of dietary tadpoles (96 hours) TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal

cellular/biochemical effects

brain acetylcholinesterase activity compared with

controls

109.7% @ 5mg/L e 3

ACEPHATE

ACETONE

0, 350 mg/kg bw

0, 10%, 100% solution

TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal


TOX-REPRO - development

brain cholinesterase inhibition compared with

controls

embryo survival through incubation day 18 versus

controls

)51.7% (4.82 SE

decreased @ 100% solution, incubation

days 3 or 8 exposure

f

g

2

4

ACETONE 0, 10%, 100% solution TOX-REPRO - development embryo weight and length by incubation day 18

versus controls

decreased @ 100% solution, incubation

days 3 or 8 exposure

h 4

ALDICARB NR TOX-MORT - toxicity benchmarks LD50 1.92 mg/kg i 5

ALDICARB NR TOX-MORT - toxicity benchmarks LD50 3.60 mg/kg j 5

ALDICARB NR TOX-MORT - toxicity benchmarks LD50 6.73 mg/kg k 5

ALDICARB NR TOX-MORT - toxicity benchmarks LD50 4.44 mg/kg l 5

ALUMINUM SULFATE

ALUMINUM SULFATE

0, 200, 1000, 5000 mg Al/kg diet, combined with low

Ca:low P (LL), normal Ca:normal P (NN), or low

Ca:high P (LH)

control, 0.1, 0.5% aluminum as Al2(SO4)3

TOX-EXP IND - accumulation


Ca, Al, P concentrations in femur for different

treatments after 2 and 10 wks of treatment

liver aluminum concentrations (ppm, dry wt) in

ducklings

see table

3.59 ppm dry wt @ control, 5.16 ppm @

0.1%, 15.52 ppm @ 0.05%

m

n

6

7

ALUMINUM SULFATE 0, 200, 1000, 5000 mg Al/kg diet, combined with low



behavioral effects

food consumption versus controls )decreased @ 1000 (LL o 8

Ca:high P (LH)

ALUMINUM SULFATE control, 0.1, 0.5% aluminum as Al2(SO4)3 TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal


plasma growth hormone and insulin-like growth

factor-I concentrations

no effect p 7

ALUMINUM SULFATE 0, 200, 1000, 5000 mg Al/kg diet, combined with low



whole animal

body weight growth versus controls decreased @ 1000 ppm Al (LH, LL), 5000

ppm Al (NN)

q 8

Ca:high P (LH)

ALUMINUM SULFATE control, 0.1, 0.5% aluminum as Al2(SO4)3 TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal body weight, average daily weight gain and %decrease @ 0.5 r 7

whole animal tibiotarsus length, compared to controls

ALUMINUM SULFATE 0, 200, 1000, 5000 mg Al/kg diet, combined with low TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal femur breaking strength (LL,LH vs. NN diets) after decreased with LL and LH diets s 6

Ca:low P (LL), normal Ca:normal P (NN), or low whole animal 10 wks of treatment

Ca:high P (LH)

06/17/99

Toxicity Data for Mallard Duck (Anas platyrhynchos)* Page 2

Chemical

ALUMINUM SULFATE

ALUMINUM SULFATE

ALUMINUM SULFATE

ALUMINUM SULFATE

ALUMINUM SULFATE; SULFURIC ACID

ALUMINUM SULFATE; SULFURIC ACID

AROCLOR 1242

AROCLOR 1242

AROCLOR 1242

AROCLOR 1242

AROCLOR 1242

AROCLOR 1242

AROCLOR 1254

AROCLOR 1254

AROCLOR 1254

AROCLOR 1254

AROCLOR 1254

AROCLOR 1254

AROCLOR 1254

AROCLOR 1254

Tox Exposure



Ca:high P (LH)



Ca:high P (LH)



Ca:high P (LH)



Ca:high P (LH)

0, 0.1% Al (low Al), 0.5% Al (high Al), 0.056 mol

sulfate/kg (low acid), 0.277 mol sulfate/kg (high acid) in

diet

0, 0.1% Al (low Al), 0.5% Al (high Al), 0.056 mol

sulfate/kg (low acid), 0.277 mol sulfate/kg (high acid) in

diet

0, 150 mg/kg diet

0, 150 mg/kg diet

0, 150 mg/kg diet

0, 150 mg/kg diet

0, 150 mg/kg diet

0, 150 mg/kg diet

mean(SE) of 4 samples: 26.3(0.2) ppm, wet wt, in diet



0,4,20,100,250,500 mg/kg bw

0, 40 ppm


0,4,20,100,250,500 mg/kg bw

0,4,20,100,250,500 mg/kg bw

Endpoint Type


whole animal


whole animal


whole animal


whole animal


whole animal


whole animal


TOX-MORT - dose-response

data


whole animal


TOX-REPRO - physiology

TOX-REPRO - reproductive

success




TOX-EXP IND - biomarkers


behavioral effects


organ/system effects





Endpoint Description

femur mass and mean breaking force (LL, LH vs.

NN diets) after 2 wks of treatment

growth of body components (tarsus, culmen) versus

controls

incidence of clinical signs (LL vs. LH vs. NN diets)

mortality versus controls

growth of tibia versus ad libidum controls

tibial dry weight, and ash and calcium content

versus ad libidum controls

PCB concentration in eggs (PCB resembled Aroclor

1260 profile most closely)

mortality during experiment

body weight at 6, 8 and 12 wks of treatment

weight and survival of offspring (exposed in ovo) fed

control diet after hatching for 3 wks

eggshell thickness, compared to control

embryo mortality, # infertile eggs/clutch or # eggs

hatched/clutch

mean(SE) wet wt concentrations of Aroclor 1254 in

carcasses of 3 week old ducklings

mean(SE) wet wt concentrations of Aroclor 1254 in

eggs

range of wet wt concentrations of Aroclor 1254 in

adult carcasses

hepatic microsomal EROD and PROD activities

versus controls

food consumption rate (184 g/d) compared to

control (173 g/d)

body and liver weights of parents and offspring

versus controls

leukocyte counts, plasma biochemistry,

corticosterone concentration versus controls

lymphocyte proliferation to PHA versus controls

Endpoint Value

decreased on LL and LH diets

decreased @ 1000 (LL), 1000 (LH), 5000

ppm (LH)

increased in LL diets

increased to 61% @ 1000 (LL), 100% @

5000 (LL)

reduced @ 0.5% Al or 0.277 mol

sulfate/kg

reduced @ 0.5% Al

105.0 (7.7 SE) mg Aroclor 1260/kg egg @

150 ppm

no effect @ 150 ppm

decrease @ 150 ppm

no effect @ 150 ppm

8.9% decrease @ 150 ppm

no effect @ 150 ppm

29.5(1.4) ppm

23.3(1.0) ppm

55-65 ppm

increased @ 20,100, 250, 500 mg/kg bw

no effect

no effect

no effect

increased @ 250, 500 mg/kg bw

Note Reference

t

u

v

w

x

y

z

aa

ab

ac

ad

ae

af

ag

ah

ai

aj

ak

al

am

6

8

6

8

9

9

01

01

01

01

01

01

11

11

11

21

31

11

21

21

06/17/99


Chemical

AROCLOR 1254

AROCLOR 1254

AROCLOR 1254

AROCLOR 1254

AROCLOR 1254

AROCLOR 1254

AROCLOR 1254; DDE (4,4'-)





ARSENATE, SODIUM

ARSENATE, SODIUM

ARSENATE, SODIUM

ARSENATE, SODIUM

ARSENATE, SODIUM

ARSENATE, SODIUM

ARSENATE, SODIUM

ARSENATE, SODIUM

ARSENATE, SODIUM

ARSENATE, SODIUM

Tox Exposure

0,4,20,100,250,500 mg/kg bw

0,4,20,100,250,500 mg/kg bw

0, 0.5, 5.0, 50 mg/kg diet

0, 40 ppm

0, 1000 mg/kg bw


0, 40 ppm DDE + 40 ppm PCB



0, 40 ppm DDE, 40 ppm Aroclor, 40 ppm DDE + 40

ppm Aroclor


0, 30, 100, 300 ppm

0, 30, 100, 300 ppm

0, 30, 100, 300 ppm

0, 30, 100, 300 ppm

0, 30, 100, 300 ppm

0, 30, 100, 300 ppm

0, 30, 100, 300 ppm

0, 30, 100, 300 ppm

0, 30, 100, 300 ppm

0, 30, 100, 300 ppm

Endpoint Type






whole animal




success



behavioral effects




success




data












whole animal


whole animal


plasma triiodothyronine concentrations versus

controls

thyroid wt/body wt and liver wt/body wt ratios versus

controls

PCB treatment altered the shape of the body weight

growth curve but not the asymptotic weight

eggshell thickness

post-dose eggshell thickness versus pre-dose

thickness

reproductive success or nest attentiveness versus

controls

mean DDE and PCB residue levels in eggs


control (173 g/d)

eggshell thickness, compared to control

numbers of mammillary cores and basal caps on

eggshell membranes versus controls

figure of # eggs/female/wk over time

accumulation of arsenic in brain tissue (geometric

means in parentheses)

arsenic concentrations in liver (geometric means in

parentheses)

survival rate versus controls

hematocrit and hemoglobin

incidence of altered brain and liver biochemistry

plasma biochemistry changes versus controls

plasma concentration of triglycerides

incidence of histopathological lesions, and liver,

brain, and spleen weights

growth rate versus controls

growth rate versus controls

Endpoint Value

decreased @ 20, 100, 250, 500 mg/kg bw

increased @ 100, 250, 500 mg/kg bw

significant effect

no effect

decreased @ 1000 mg/kg bw

no effect

344 (95% CL; 156-686) ppm DDE lipid

basis and 346 (95%CL; 133-686) ppm

PCB lipid basis @ 40 ppm DDE + 40 ppm

PCB diet

no effect

19% decrease

decreased with all treatments

see citation

increased @ 100 ppm ( 0.4 ppm, dry wt),

300 ppm (0.8 ppm, dry wt)

increased @ 100 ppm ( 0.3 ppm, dry wt),

300 ppm (1.3 ppm, dry wt)

no effect

no effect

increased @ 10, 100, 300 ppm

increased @ 300 ppm

increased @ 10, 100, 300 ppm

no effect

decreased @ 30, 100, 300 ppm

decreased @ 300 ppm

Note Reference

an

ao

ap

aq

ar

as

at

au

av

aw

ax

ay

az

ba

bb

bc

bd

be

bf

bg

bh

21

21

41

31

51

11

31

31

31

61

31

71

71

71

71

71

71

71

71

71

71

06/17/99



ARSENATE, SODIUM; SELENOMETHIONINE 0, 15 ppm Se, 60 ppm Se, 200 ppm As, 15 ppm Se +

200 ppm As, 50 ppm Se + 200 ppm As (each dose


data

incidence of mortality versus controls increased (40%) @ 60 ppm Se bi 81

combined with 22% protein in diet)




data

incidence of mortality versus controls increased (100%) @ 60 ppm Se and

(53%) @ 200 ppm As

bj 81






glutathione peroxidase activity versus controls increased @ 60 ppm Se bk 81






incidence of ducklings with histopathological lesions

versus controls

increased @ 60 ppm Se bl 81





whole animal

growth rate of body weight versus controls decreased @ 60 ppm Se, 200 ppm As bm 81

combined with or 22% protein in diet)

ARSENITE, SODIUM 0, 100 mg/kg bw TOX-REPRO - physiology post-dose eggshell thickness versus pre-dose decreased @ 100 mg/kg bw bn 51

thickness

ASULAM 0, 1600, 2600, 4000 mg/kg bw TOX-MORT - dose-response

data

percent mortality after 21 days 10% @ 4000 mg/kg bo 91

ASULAM 0, 33,750, 55,000, 75,000, 100,000 mg/kg diet TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal

behavioral effects

food consumption compared with controls decreased @ all doses bp 91

ASULAM 0, 33,750, 55,000, 75,000, 100,000 mg/kg diet TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal

whole animal

body weight gain by day 8 compared with controls decreased @ all doses bq 91

BENDIOCARB 1.17 ug/g ingesta TOX-EXP IND - biomarkers percent inhibition of post-mortem brain

cholinesterase activity compared to control

BENZO[k]FLUORANTHENE control, 0.2, 2.0 mg benzo[k]fluoranthene/kg egg; TOX-REPRO - development embryo mortality, compared to controls

injected into egg yolks

BISMUTH COMPOUNDS; IRON COMPOUNDS 0, six #4 iron or bismuth shot; see paper for retention TOX-EXP IND - accumulation mean(SE) wet wt Bi concentration in organs of

and dissolution of shot in gizzards of treated birds Bi-treated birds

BISMUTH COMPOUNDS; IRON COMPOUNDS 0, six #4 iron or bismuth shot; see paper for retention TOX-EXP IND - accumulation mean(SE) wet wt Fe concentration in organs of

and dissolution of shot in gizzards of treated birds Fe-treated birds

BISMUTH COMPOUNDS; IRON COMPOUNDS 0, six #4 iron or bismuth shot; see paper for retention

and dissolution of shot in gizzards of treated birds


data






histopathological lesions in gonads, liver, kidneys

versus controls




whole animal

body weight, organ weights (liver, kidney, gonads,

gizzard) or hematocrit versus controls

BISMUTH COMPOUNDS; IRON COMPOUNDS; LEAD

(elemental)

five #4 pellets of lead, iron, or bismuth/tin embedded in

breast muscle

TOX-EXP IND - accumulation mean(SE) wet wt concentration of bismuth in organs


(elemental)

0, eight #4 iron, bismuth, or lead shot, administered on

Days 1, 30, 60, 90; see paper for dissolution and

TOX-EXP IND - accumulation mean(SE) wet wt concentrations of Pb in Pb-dosed

birds

retention of shot in gizzards of treated birds


(elemental)



TOX-EXP IND - accumulation mean(SE) wet wt concentrations of Fe in Fe-dosed

birds


)decreased (73% br 02

increase @ 0.2, 2.0 mg/kg egg bs 12

6.86(0.99) ppm, kidneys; 2.23(0.492) ppm, bt 22

liver; 0.468(0.277) ppm, gonads

145(6.0) ppm, kidneys; 1086(72) ppm, bu 22

liver; 32.1(6.3) ppm, gonads

no effect bv 22

no effect bw 22

no effect bx 22

130(10.1) ppm in kidneys, 0.19(0.06) ppm by 32

in liver

213(27.1) ppm, kidney; 91(4.55) ppm, bz 42

liver; 9.8(3.22) ppm, ovary; 3.49(0.61)

ppm, testis

237(17.2) ppm, kidney; 1936(233) ppm, ca 42

liver; 90.6(6.85) ppm, ovary; 13.1(1.29)

ppm, testis

06/17/99


Chemical


(elemental)


(elemental)


(elemental)


(elemental)


(elemental)


(elemental)


(elemental)


(elemental)


(elemental)


(elemental)


(elemental)


(elemental)


(elemental)


(elemental)


(elemental)

BORIC ACID

06/17/99

Tox Exposure





breast muscle








breast muscle











breast muscle



















control, 100, 400, 1600 ppm B as boric acid

Endpoint Type



data


data










whole animal


whole animal





success


success


success



mean(SE) wet wt concentrations of Bi in Bi-dosed

birds

mean survival times compared among lead, iron and

bismuth dosed birds


histopathology of kidney, liver, testis, heart, lung

versus controls

mean hematocrit values compared among lead, iron

and bismuth dosed birds

gizzard and kidney weight versus controls

liver weight versus controls (females only)

body weight, gonad weight, hematocrit versus

controls

mean body weight and organ weights compared

among lead, iron and bismuth dosed birds

onset of lay and time to lay 21 eggs versus controls

weight of eggs that hatched versus controls

weight of eggs that did not hatch versus controls

egg weight, eggshell thickness, fertility, hatchability

versus controls

survival to 7 d, organ histopathology, hematocrit,

sex ratios, kidney or liver weights of ducklings

versus controls

weight of hatchlings versus controls

boron accumulation in brain (geometric mean; ug/g

dry weight)

Endpoint Value Note

1.54(0.280) ppm, kidney; 0.637(0.134) cb

ppm, liver; 0.042(0.007) ppm, ovary;

0.098(0.042) ppm, testis

no differences cc

increased with Pb, no effect with Fe or Bi cd

no effect with Fe or Bi ce

no differences cf

increased with Pb; no effect with Fe or Bi cg

decreased with Pb ch

decreased with Pb; no effect with Fe or Bi ci

no differences cj

no effect with Fe or Bi ck

increased with Fe cl

increased with Bi cm

no effect with Fe or Bi cn

no effect with Fe or Bi co

decreased with Bi cp

2 ug/g @ control; 4 ug/g @ 100 ppm; 5 cq

ug/g @ 400 ppm; 51 ug/g @ 1600 ppm

Reference

42

32

42

42

32

42

42

42

32

42

42

42

42

42

42

52


Chemical

BORIC ACID

BORIC ACID

BORIC ACID

BORIC ACID

BORIC ACID

BORIC ACID

BORIC ACID

BORIC ACID

BORIC ACID

BORIC ACID

BORIC ACID

BORIC ACID

BORIC ACID

BORIC ACID; SELENOMETHIONINE




Tox Exposure

control, 30, 300, 1000 ppm B as boric acid (dry wt

basis)


basis)








basis)


basis)


basis)


basis)


basis)

0, 15 ppm Se, 60 ppm Se, 1000 ppm B, 15 ppm Se +

1000 ppm B, 60 ppm Se + 1000 ppm B (all treatments

were conducted with 22% protein in the diet)

0, 15 ppm Se, 60 ppm Se, 1000 ppm B, 15 ppm Se +

1000 ppm B, 60 ppm Se + 1000 ppm B (all treatments


0, 450 ppm B, 900 ppm B, with 0, 3.5, or 7 ppm Se


Endpoint Type














whole animal


whole animal





success






boron concentrations in adult tissues (geometric

mean; ug/g dry weight).

boron concentrations in ducklings 21 d of age

(geometric mean; ug/g dry weight). Concentrations

at other doses were not detected.

brain ATP (nmol/g) and protein (mg/g)

concentrations

hematocrit and hemoglobin concentration,

compared to controls

liver boron concentration (geometric mean; ug/g dry

weight)

plasma calcium concentration (6-10% greater than

controls) and brain acetylcholinestrase activity

(umol/min/g)

plasma triglyceride concentration (21-42% increase,

compared to controls)

growth rate measured as changes in body weight,

compared to control

hatchling weight gain over 21 d, compared to

controls

% embryo mortality (day 15 to hatch) and duckling

mortality (hatch to day 7)

body weight of hatchlings, compared to controls

eggshell thickness and Ratcliffe index of eggshell

quality

% hatching success in fertile eggs and productivity

per female (mean # of 21 d old ducklings)

geometric mean Se and B concentrations in liver

geometric mean Se and B concentrations in liver

mean (SE) wet wt concentrations of B and Se in

liver

mean (SE) wet wt concentrations of B and Se in egg

Endpoint Value

Egg; 3 ug/g @ 30 ppm, 13 ug/g @ 300

ppm, 49 ug/g @ 1000 ppm: Liver; 15 ug/g

@ 300 ppm, 33 ug/g @ 1000 ppm: Brain;

14 ug/g @ 300 ppm, 41 ug/g @ 1000 ppm

Liver; 3 ug/g @ 30 ppm, 17 ug/g @ 300

ppm, 51 ug/g @ 1000 ppm: Brain; 4 ug/g

@ 30 ppm, 19 ug/g @ 300 ppm, 66 ug/g

@ 1000 ppm

decrease @ 400 and 1600 ppm

decrease @ 1600 ppm

1 ug/g @ controls; 3 ug/g @ 100 ppm; 3

ug/g @ 400 ppm; 29 ug/g @ 1600 ppm

increase @ 1600 ppm

increase @ 100, 400, 1600 ppm

decrease @ 1600 ppm

decrease @ 30, 300, 1000 ppm

increase @ 1000 ppm

decrease @ 300, 1000 ppm

no effect

decrease @ 1000 ppm

10.8 (@ 15 ppm Se), 56.0 (@ 60 ppm)

ppm Se, wet wt

11.0 (@ 1000 ppm B) ppm B, wet wt

22.5 (@ 15 ppm Se w/out B), 41.9 (@ 15

ppm Se w/B) ppm Se, wet wt

13.0 (@ 1000 ppm B) ppm B, wet wt

4.6 (0.18) ppm B @ 450 ppm B; 8.5 (0.34)

ppm B @ 900 ppm B; 3.7 (0.16) ppm Se

@ 3.5 ppm Se; 6.2 (0.27) ppm Se @ 7

ppm

6.5 (0.25) ppm B @ 450 ppm B; 11 (0.4)

ppm B @ 900 ppm B; 3.5 (0.10) ppm Se

@ 3.5 ppm Se; 7.1 (0.28) ppm Se @ 7

ppm

Note Reference

cr

cs

ct

cu

cv

cw

cx

cy

cz

da

db

dc

dd

de

df

dg

dh

62

62

52

52

52

52

52

52

62

62

62

62

62

72

72

82

82

06/17/99



BORIC ACID; SELENOMETHIONINE 0, 15 ppm Se, 60 ppm Se, 1000 ppm B, 15 ppm Se + TOX-MORT - dose-response survival versus controls )60 ppm Se (47% mort.decreased @ di 72

1000 ppm B, 60 ppm Se + 1000 ppm B (all treatments data


BORIC ACID; SELENOMETHIONINE 0, 15 ppm Se, 60 ppm Se, 1000 ppm B, 15 ppm Se + TOX-MORT - dose-response survival versus controls

1000 ppm B, 60 ppm Se + 1000 ppm B (all treatments data


BORIC ACID; SELENOMETHIONINE 0, 15 ppm Se, 60 ppm Se, 1000 ppm Bo, 15 ppm Se + TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal hematocrits and hemoglobin concentrations versus

1000 ppm Bo, 60 ppm Se + 1000 ppm Bo (all cellular/biochemical effects controls

treatments were conducted with 22% protein in the

diet)

BORIC ACID; SELENOMETHIONINE 0, 15 ppm Se, 60 ppm Se, 1000 ppm B, 15 ppm Se + TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal hematocrits and hemoglobin concentrations versus

1000 ppm B, 60 ppm Se + 1000 ppm B (all treatments cellular/biochemical effects controls


BORIC ACID; SELENOMETHIONINE 0, 450 ppm B, 900 ppm B, with 0, 3.5, or 7 ppm Se TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal hemoglobin concentrations versus controls


BORIC ACID; SELENOMETHIONINE 0, 15 ppm Se, 60 ppm Se, 1000 ppm B, 15 ppm Se + TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal incidence of plasma chemistry changes versus



BORIC ACID; SELENOMETHIONINE 0, 15 ppm Se, 60 ppm Se, 1000 ppm B, 15 ppm Se + TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal incidence of plasma chemistry changes versus



BORIC ACID; SELENOMETHIONINE 0, 450 ppm B, 900 ppm B, with 0, 3.5, or 7 ppm Se TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal liver weight versus 450 ppm B group


BORIC ACID; SELENOMETHIONINE 0, 450 ppm B, 900 ppm B, with 0, 3.5, or 7 ppm Se TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal body weight versus controls

whole animal

BORIC ACID; SELENOMETHIONINE 0, 450 ppm B, 900 ppm B, with 0, 3.5, or 7 ppm Se TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal body weight versus controls

whole animal

BORIC ACID; SELENOMETHIONINE 0, 15 ppm Se, 60 ppm Se, 1000 ppm B, 15 ppm Se + TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal body, liver, and spleen weight; tarsus length versus

1000 ppm B, 60 ppm Se + 1000 ppm B (all treatments whole animal controls


BORIC ACID; SELENOMETHIONINE 0, 15 ppm Se, 60 ppm Se, 1000 ppm B, 15 ppm Se + TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal body, liver, and spleen weight; tarsus length versus

1000 ppm B, 60 ppm Se + 1000 ppm B (all treatments whole animal controls


BORIC ACID; SELENOMETHIONINE 0, 450 ppm B, 900 ppm B, with 0, 3.5, or 7 ppm Se TOX-REPRO - development body weight and growth at 0, 7,and 14 days

post-hatch versus controls

BORIC ACID; SELENOMETHIONINE 0, 450 ppm B, 900 ppm B, with 0, 3.5, or 7 ppm Se TOX-REPRO - development body weight and weight gain at 7 and 14 days

post-hatch versus 3.5 ppm Se group

BORIC ACID; SELENOMETHIONINE 0, 450 ppm B, 900 ppm B, with 0, 3.5, or 7 ppm Se TOX-REPRO - development total SH, liver protein, sorbitol dehyrogenase versus

controls

BORIC ACID; SELENOMETHIONINE 0, 450 ppm B, 900 ppm B, with 0, 3.5, or 7 ppm Se TOX-REPRO - reproductive duckling production versus 3.5 ppm Se group

success

BORIC ACID; SELENOMETHIONINE 0, 450 ppm B, 900 ppm B, with 0, 3.5, or 7 ppm Se TOX-REPRO - reproductive egg weight, hatching success, egg fertility versus

success controls

BORIC ACID; SELENOMETHIONINE 0, 450 ppm B, 900 ppm B, with 0, 3.5, or 7 ppm Se TOX-REPRO - reproductive hatching success versus controls

success

)60 ppm Se (100% mort.decreased @ dj

decreased @ 1000 ppm B dk

decreased @ 15 ppm Se (with or w/out B), dl

and 1000 ppm B

reduced @ 900 ppm B dm

increased @ 15, 60 ppm Se (with and dn

w/out B), 1000 ppm B

increased @ 15 ppm Se (with and w/out do

B), 1000 ppm B

decreased @ 900 ppm B dp

reduced @ 900 ppm B dq

reduced @ 7 ppm Se dr

decreased @ 60 ppm Se ds

decreased @ 15 ppm Se dt

reduced @ 900 ppm B du

reduced @ 7 ppm Se dv

decreased @ 900 ppm B dw

reduced @ 7 ppm dx

reduced @ 900 ppm B dy

reduced @ 7 ppm Se dz

72

72

72

82

72

72

82

82

82

72

72

82

82

82

82

82

82

06/17/99


Chemical





CADMIUM CHLORIDE

CADMIUM CHLORIDE

CADMIUM CHLORIDE

CADMIUM CHLORIDE

CADMIUM CHLORIDE

CADMIUM CHLORIDE

CADMIUM CHLORIDE

CADMIUM CHLORIDE

CADMIUM CHLORIDE

CADMIUM CHLORIDE

CADMIUM CHLORIDE

CADMIUM CHLORIDE

CADMIUM CHLORIDE

CADMIUM CHLORIDE

CADMIUM CHLORIDE

CADMIUM CHLORIDE

CADMIUM CHLORIDE

Tox Exposure





0,20,200 ppm

0, 10, or 50 ug Cd/g

0, 10, or 50 ug Cd/g

0, 10, or 50 ug Cd/g

0, 10, or 50 ug Cd/g

0, 10, or 50 ug Cd/g

0, 10, or 50 ug Cd/g

0, 2, 20, 200 ppm

0, 2, 20, 200 ppm

0,20,200 ppm diet

0,20,200 ppm

0,5,10,20 ppm diet

0,20,200 ppm

0,50,150,450 ppm diet

0,50,150,450 ppm diet

0,5,10,20 ppm diet

0, 10, or 50 ug Cd/g

Endpoint Type


success


success


success


success














data


behavioral effects








liver weight, hemoglobin concentrations, hematocrit

versus controls

onset of egg laying, eggshell thickness, frequency

of embryo deformities versus controls

onset of egg laying, eggshell thickness, egg weight,

egg fertility, embryo deformities versus controls

survival between 7 and 14 days post-hatch versus

controls

Cd concentrations in eggs versus controls

kidney Cd concentration versus controls

kidney Cu concentration versus controls

kidney Zn concentration versus controls

liver cadmium concentration versus controls

liver Cu concentration versus controls

liver Zn concentration versus controls

mean Cd concentrations in kidneys (ppm, wet wt) by

90 days

mean Cd concentrations in testes (ppm, wet wt) by

90 days

mean Cd concentrations in liver after 90 d of

treatment

mean Cd concentrations in kidneys after 90 d of

treatment

mean Cd concentrations in liver by 12 wks of

treatment


food consumption compared to controls

liver aldolase activity, plasma triiodothyronine levels

packed cell volume and hemoglobin concentration

by 8 wks of treatment compared to controls

plasma glucose, NEFA, urea, or uric acid versus

controls

Endpoint Value

no effect due to added Se

no effect

no effect due to added Se

increased @ 3.5 ppm Se

increased to 0.010 (@ 20 ppm), 0.040 (@

200 ppm) ppm, wet wt

increased @ 10, 50 ug/g diet




no effect

no effect

0.46 (@ 0 ppm), 4.63 (@ 2 ppm), 54.33

(@ 20 ppm), 77.22 (@ 200 ppm) ppm, wet

wt

0.03 (@ 0 ppm), 0.02 (@ 2 ppm), 0.72 (@

20 ppm) 8.47 (@ 200 ppm) ppm, wet wt

2.116 (@ 2 ppm), 19.510 (@ 20 ppm),

96.600 9@ 200 ppm) ppm, wet wt

4.627 (@ 2 ppm), 54.333 (@ 20 ppm),

77.222 (@ 200 ppm) ppm, wet wt

0.10 (@ 0 ppm), 10.13 (@ 5 ppm), 16.25

(@ 10 ppm), 42.21 (@ 20 ppm) ppm, wet

wt

no effect

no effect

decreased @ 450 ppm

decreased @ 20 ppm

no effect

Note Reference

ea

eb

ec

ed

ee

ef

eg

eh

ei

ej

ek

el

em

en

eo

ep

eq

er

es

et

eu

82

82

82

82

92

03

03

03

03

03

03

13

13

92

92

23

92

33

33

23

03

06/17/99


Chemical

CADMIUM CHLORIDE

CADMIUM CHLORIDE

CADMIUM CHLORIDE

CADMIUM CHLORIDE

CADMIUM CHLORIDE

CADMIUM CHLORIDE

CADMIUM CHLORIDE

CADMIUM CHLORIDE

CADMIUM CHLORIDE

CADMIUM CHLORIDE

CADMIUM CHLORIDE

CADMIUM CHLORIDE

CADMIUM CHLORIDE

CADMIUM CHLORIDE

CADMIUM CHLORIDE

CADMIUM CHLORIDE

CADMIUM CHLORIDE

CADMIUM CHLORIDE

CADMIUM CHLORIDE

CADMIUM CHLORIDE; COPPER COMPOUNDS; LEAD

CHLORIDE

CADMIUM CHLORIDE; LEAD CHLORIDE

Tox Exposure

0,50,150,450 ppm diet

0,5,10,20 ppm diet

0, 10, or 50 ug Cd/g

0, 10, or 50 ug Cd/g

0, 10, or 50 ug Cd/g

0, 2, 20, 200 ppm

0,5,10,20 ppm diet

0, 2, 20, 200 ppm

0,50,150,450 ppm diet

0, 10, or 50 ug Cd/g

0,20,200 ppm

0,20,200 ppm

0, 2, 20, 200 ppm

0, 2, 20, 200 ppm

0,50,150,450 ppm diet

0,5,10,20 ppm diet

0,20,200 ppm

0, 10, or 50 ug Cd/g

0, 10, or 50 ug Cd/g

0, 10 ppm Cd, 100 ppm Cd, 10 ppm Pb, 100 ppm Pb, 5

ppm Cd +5 ppm Pb, 50 ppm Cd + 50 ppm Pb



Endpoint Type






























whole animal


whole animal


whole animal


whole animal


whole animal




plasma uric acid, adrenal corticosterone levels

serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase activity by 8

wks of treatment compared to controls

thyroid hormone concentrations versus controls

% packed cell volume versus controls

adrenal wt, corticosterone concentrations versus

controls

incidence of kidney lesions versus controls

incidence of kidney lesions by 12 wks of treatment


incidence of testes alterations (atrophy, decreased

spermatogenesis) versus controls

kidney and adrenal weights compared to controls

liver glycogen concentration versus controls

mean kidney weight versus controls

mean testis weight versus controls

weight of kidneys versus controls

weight of testes versus controls

body and liver weights compared to controls

body weight, liver weight, and femur density


body wt, hematocrit, hemoglobin, food consumption

versus controls

brain, liver, kidney, testes weights versus controls

BW versus controls

mean (SE) Cu concentrations (ug/g, dry wt) in

kidney

mean (SE) Cd concentrations in kidney

Endpoint Value

increased @ 450 ppm

increased @ 20 ppm

no effect

no effect

no effect

increased @ 200 ppm

increased @ 20 ppm

increased @ 200 ppm

increased @ 150, 450 ppm

no effect

increased @ 200 ppm/60 or 90 d of

treatment, 30 d post-treatment

decreased @ all doses/30 d

post-treatment, and 200 ppm/90 d of

treatment

increased @ 200 ppm

decreased @ 200 ppm

decreased @ 450 ppm

no effect

no effect

no effect

no effect

56.7(7.7) @ 100 ppm Cd; 37.7 (3.7) @ 50

ppm Cd + 50 ppm Pb (ug/g, dry wt)

67.8 (12.4) @ 10 ppm Cd; 371.8 (22.3) @

100 ppm Cd; 3.4 (0.6) @ 100 ppm Pb;

201.0 (26.9) @ 50 ppm Cd + 50 ppm Pb

(ug/g, dry wt)

Note Reference

ev

ew

ex

ey

ez

fa

fb

fc

fd

fe

ff

fg

fh

fi

fj

fk

fl

fm

fn

fo

fp

33

23

03

03

03

13

23

13

33

03

92

92

13

13

33

23

92

03

03

43

43

06/17/99





CADMIUM CHLORIDE; LEAD CHLORIDE; ZINC

COMPOUNDS

CARBOFURAN

CARBOFURAN







NR

0, 132, 264 g carbofuran/ha




TOX-MORT - toxicity benchmarks


behavioral effects

mean (SE) concentrations in liver

mean (SE) Pb concentrations in kidney

mean (SE) Zn concentrations (ug/g, dry wt) in

kidney

LD50's determined at ages 36 hr, 7 d, 30 d, and 6

mos, respectively (95% CI in parenth.)

latency of approach to stimulus compared with

controls

7.2 (0.9) ug Pb/g @ 100 ppm Pb; 104.8

(19.1) ug Pb/g @ 100 ppm Cd; 54.2 (3.7)

ug Cd/g @ 50 ppm Cd + 50 ppm Pb (dry

wt)

4.1 (0.5) @ 10 ppm Pb; 22.5 (1.5) @ 100

ppm Pb; 3.1 (0.3) @ 5 ppm Cd + 5 ppm

Pb; 16.1 (1.4) @ 50 ppm Cd+ 50 ppm Pb

(ug/g, dry wt)

99 (6) @ 110 ppm Cd; 125 (7) @ 100 ppm

Cd; 100 (5) @ 5 ppm Cd + 5 ppm Pb; 112

(2) @ 50 ppm Cd + 50 ppm Pb

0.370 (0.283-0.484), 0.628 (0.530-0.744),

0.510 (0.410-0.635), 0.415 (0.333-0.516)

increased @ 264 g/ha (150, 300 m

exposure distance)

fq

fr

fs

ft

fu

43

43

43

5

53

CARBOFURAN 0, 132, 264 g carbofuran/ha TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal

behavioral effects

occurrence of acute poisoning symptoms compared

with controls

increased @ 132 and 264 g/ha fv 53



brain cholinesterase activities compared with

controls

decreased @ 132 g/ha (150, 300 m

exposure distances), 264 g/ha (all

exposure distances)

fw 53


whole animal

growth rate to four weeks of age compared with

controls

no effect fx 53

CHLOROETHYLMERCURY 0, 500 mg/kg bw TOX-REPRO - physiology post-dose eggshell thickness versus pre-dose

thickness

decreased @ 500 mg/kg bw fy 51

CHLORPYRIFOS 0, 56, 100, 178, 316, 562 ppm diet TOX-MORT - toxicity benchmarks 11 day dietary LC10 236 ppm fz 63

CHLORPYRIFOS 0, 56, 100, 178, 316, 562 ppm diet TOX-MORT - toxicity benchmarks 11 day dietary LC50 357 ppm ga 63

CHLORPYRIFOS

CHLORPYRIFOS

0, 112, 200, 356, 632, 1124 ppm diet (initial

concentrations; declined over 11 day treatment period)

NR



5 day dietary LC50, when 5 day residue half life was

simulated

LD50

)644 ppm (declining to 141 ppm over 11 d

145 mg/kg

gb

gc

63

5

CHLORPYRIFOS NR TOX-MORT - toxicity benchmarks LD50 29.4 mg/kg gd 5

CHLORPYRIFOS NR TOX-MORT - toxicity benchmarks LD50 50.4 mg/kg ge 5

CHLORPYRIFOS NR TOX-MORT - toxicity benchmarks LD50 83.3 mg/kg gf 5

CHLORPYRIFOS 0, 56, 100,178, 316, 562 ppm diet TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal

behavioral effects

food consumption compared with controls decreased @ all doses gg 63

CHLORPYRIFOS

CHLORPYRIFOS

0, 112, 200, 356, 632, 1124 ppm diet (initial


0, 80 (+/- 10%) ppm


behavioral effects



food consumption compared with controls

brain acetylcholinesterase activity compared to

controls

decreased @ all doses

decreased

gh

gi

63

73

06/17/99



CHLORPYRIFOS 0, 80 (+/- 10%) ppm TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal

whole animal

body weight compared to controls decreased gj 73

CHLORPYRIFOS 0, 56, 100, 178, 316, 562 ppm diet TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal

whole animal

body weight compared with controls decreased @ all doses gk 63

CHLORPYRIFOS 0, 112, 200, 356, 632, 1124 ppm diet (initial



whole animal

body weight compared with controls decreased @ all doses gl 63

CHLORPYRIFOS 0, 80 (+/- 10%) ppm TOX-REPRO - physiology number of eggs produced, egg weight, eggshell decreased gm 73

thickness compared to controls

CHLORPYRIFOS 0, 80 (+/- 10%) ppm TOX-REPRO - reproductive fertility and hatchability of eggs, and duckling no effect gn 73

success survival to 14 days

COREXIT 9527 control, 0.006, 0.012, 0.025, 0.05 ml/kg, daily; diluted

in water


data

% mortality, compared to controls no effect go 83

COREXIT 9527 control, 0.015% TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal


plasma alanine aminotransferase activity, compared

to control

increase gp 93

COREXIT 9527 control, 0.015% TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal

whole animal

body weight no effect gq 93

COREXIT 9527 control, 0.006, 0.012, 0.025, 0.05 ml/kg, daily; diluted

in water


whole animal

body weight, compared to controls no effect gr 83

CRUDE OILS control, 1.0, 2.5, 4.0, 7.0, 12.0 ml/kg South Louisiana

crude oil, daily


data

% mortality, compared to controls no effect gs 83

CRUDE OILS 0, 0.025, 0.25, 2.5, 5% south Louisiana crude oil TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal

behavioral effects

distance retreated from a frightening stimulus;

impaired avoidance behavior

%decrease @ 0.25 - 5 gt 04

CRUDE OILS control, 0.15% Prudhoe Bay crude oil TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal


hematocrit and plasma cholesterol concentration,

compared to control (based on treatment means at

decrease gu 93

3, 6, 9 wks)

CRUDE OILS control or 5 ml Statfjord crude oil/kg/d TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal


hepatic cytochrome P450 content 56% increase gv 14

CRUDE OILS control, 1%, 3% (ml oil/100 g dry wt food); South TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal hepatic microsomal naphthalene metabolism

Louisiana and Prudhoe Bay crude oil cellular/biochemical effects (nmol/min/mg protein), compared to control, in adult

females and in neonatal ducklings hatched from

eggs laid by females (1% Prudhoe Bay dose level

was not significantly different for neonates).

CRUDE OILS control, 0.5, 1, 3% (ml South Louisiana crude oil/ 100 g TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal hepatic microsomal naphthalene metabolism

%increase @ 1% and 3 24gw

%increase @ 0.5, 1, 3 34gx

dry food) cellular/biochemical effects (nmol/min/mg protein)

CRUDE OILS 0, 0.025, 0.25, 2.5, 5% south Louisiana crude oil TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - incidence of liver hypertrophy and splenic atropy %increase @ 2.5 - 5 04gy


CRUDE OILS 0, 0.025, 0.25, 2.5, 5% south Louisiana crude oil TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal pathological release of ornithine

cellular/biochemical effects carbamyltransferase from kidney

CRUDE OILS 0, 0.025, 0.25, 2.5, 5% south Louisiana crude oil TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal plasma alanine aminotransferase activity, from liver

%increase @ 0.025 - 5 04gz

%increase @ 0.25 - 5.0 ha 04


CRUDE OILS control, 3% (3 ml South Louisiana crude oil/ 100 g dry TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - plasma corticosterone concentration, compared to %decrease @ 3 hb 34

food) cellular/biochemical effects control

CRUDE OILS control, 0.5, 1, 3% (ml South Louisiana crude oil/ 100 g TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - plasma corticosterone concentration, compared to %decrease @ 0.5, 1, 3 hc 34

dry food) cellular/biochemical effects control

CRUDE OILS control, 0.5, 1, 3% (ml South Louisiana crude oil/ 100 g TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - plasma corticosterone concentration, compared to %decrease @ 0.5 hd 34

dry food) cellular/biochemical effects control

06/17/99



CRUDE OILS control, 0.15% Prudhoe Bay crude oil TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal plasma triglyceride and sodium concentrations, increase he 93

cellular/biochemical effects compared to control (based on treatment means at

3, 6, 9 wks)

CRUDE OILS control or 5 ml Statfjord crude oil/kg/d TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal plasma triiodothryonine concentration 53% increase hf 14


CRUDE OILS 0, 0.025, 0.25, 2.5, 5% south Louisiana crude oil TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - hematocrit, compared to control %decrease @ 2.5 - 5 hg 04


CRUDE OILS 0, 0.025, 0.25, 2.5, 5% south Louisiana crude oil TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal


incidence of degeneration of kidney tubules %increase @ 5 hh 04

CRUDE OILS control, 2.5, 4.0 ml/kg South Louisiana crude oil, daily TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal


susceptibility to Pasturella multocida estimated as %

mortality 2-wks post-exposure to Pasturella

increase @ 4.0 ml/kg hi 83

multocida which was given on day 28

CRUDE OILS control, 5 ml/kg bird/d Statfjord A crude oil TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal

whole animal

body temperature at an ambient temperature of

-17C, compared to control

increase hj 44

CRUDE OILS control or 5 ml Statfjord crude oil/kg/d TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal

whole animal

body weight no effect hk 14

CRUDE OILS control, 0.5, 1, 3% ( ml South Louisiana crude oil/ 100

g dry food)


whole animal

body weight %increase @ 3 hl 34

CRUDE OILS control, 0.15% Prudhoe Bay crude oil TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal

whole animal

body weight no effect hm 93

CRUDE OILS control, 1.0, 2.5, 4.0, 7.0, 12.0 ml/kg South Louisiana

crude oil, daily


whole animal

body weight, gross lesions or signs of clinical

illness, compared to controls

no effect hn 83

CRUDE OILS control, 5 ml/kg bird/d Statfjord A crude oil TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal

whole animal

body weight; body and skin temperature at 16C;

mean heat production and thermal conductance at

no effect ho 44

16C

CRUDE OILS control, 0.5, 1, 3% ( ml South Louisiana crude oil/ 100 TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - daily food intake rate %increase @ 1 and 3 hp 34

g dry food) whole animal

CRUDE OILS

CRUDE OILS

CRUDE OILS

0, 0.025, 0.25, 2.5, 5% south Louisiana crude oil

0.1 or 0.4 ml Statfjord crude oil with Finasol OSR-5 or

OSR-12 dispersant/L water

0, light, moderate, and heavy exposure


whole animal


whole animal


whole animal

growth rate, estimated as change in body weight,

compared to control

metabolic heat production (watts/kg), compared to

pre-contamination levels

thermal conductance of feathers and body heat loss

versus controls

%decrease @ 5

increase

increased with light, moderate and heavy

oiling

hq

hr

hs

04

54

64

CRUDE OILS

CRUDE OILS

CRUDE OILS

control, 1, 5, 10 ul South Louisiana crude oil applied

externally to eggs

control, 1, 5, 10 ul South Louisiana crude oil applied

externally to eggs

0, 1, or 5 uL




% abnormal survivors, compared to controls

18-d % survival, mean embryonic weight,

crown-rump length (5ul) and bill length

bill length of both sexes

increase @ 1, 5 ul

decrease @ 1, 5, 10 ul

decreased @ 1, 5 uL/egg

ht

hu

hv

74

74

84

CRUDE OILS 0, 1, or 5 uL TOX-REPRO - development embryo survival to 18 days decreased to 65% @ 1 uL/egg); 9% @ 5

uL/egg

hw 84

CRUDE OILS 0, 1, or 5 uL TOX-REPRO - development embryonic weight (females) and crown rump length

(both sexes)

decreased @ 5 uL/egg hx 84

06/17/99


Chemical

CRUDE OILS

CRUDE OILS

CRUDE OILS

CRUDE OILS

CRUDE OILS

CRUDE OILS

CRUDE OILS

CRUDE OILS

CRUDE OILS

CRUDE OILS

CRUDE OILS

CRUDE OILS

CRUDE OILS; FUEL OILS

CYANIDE

CYANIDE

CYANIDE

CYANIDE

CYANIDE

CYANIDE

CYANOFENPHOS

Tox Exposure

0, 2, 5, 15 ul waste crankcase oil/egg

control, 3 ml South Louisiana crude oil/100 g diet, dry

weight

control, 2% south Louisiana crude oil (w/w)


weight

control, 0.5% (w/w) South Louisiana crude oil


weight



0 or 3 ml S. Louisiana crude oil/ 100 g dry wt. food


weight

control, 0.5% (w/w) South Louisiana crude oil


control, 4.0 ml/kg South Louisiana crude oil or Bunker

C fuel oil, daily

0,0.25,0.5,1.0,2.0 mg/kg bw (as KCN)

0,0.25,0.5,1.0,2.0 mg/kg bw (as KCN)

0,0.5,1,2 mg/kg bw (as KCN)

0,1.0 mg/kg bw (as KCN)

0,1.0 mg/kg bw (as KCN)

0,1,2 mg/kg bw (as KCN)

0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, 8.0 mg/kg/d

Endpoint Type










success


success


success


success
















data


incidence of survivors with abnormalities versus

controls

clutch size

egg weight, length and breadth, compared to control

length of reproductive cycle; due to prolonged

phase of gonadal maturation

onset of laying, egg production, egg fertility,


plasma prolactin levels during oviposition, early

incubation and post-natal care

red blood cell and liver ALAD activity and

hemoglobin concentration, compared to controls

red blood cell and liver ALAD activity, hemoglobin

concentration, plasma uric acid, and plasma ALT

and AST activities compared to controls

% fertile eggs and # of ducklings; when male,

female or both male and female exposed to oil,

compared to control

% hatchability (53% @ 3ml/100g vs 71% in controls)

egg hatchability (# eggs hatching/# fertile eggs),


percent mortality versus controls

antibody-mediated immunity estimated by direct

spleen plaque-forming cell assays (PFCs/g spleen);

mallards inoculated with sheep red blood cells on

day 24

ATP levels in heart versus controls

ATP levels in liver and brain tissues versus controls

respiratory control ratios in heart, liver and brain

versus controls

rhodanese and 3-mercaptopyruvate

sulfurtransferase activities in brain versus controls

rhodanese and 3-mercaptopyruvate

sulfurtransferase activities in liver and heart versus

controls

serum creatine kinase activity versus controls

mortality versus controls)

Endpoint Value

increase @ 2-15 ul/egg

no effect

decrease

increase

no effect

decrease

decrease @ 15 ul/egg

decrease @ 5, 15 ul/egg

decrease

decrease

decrease

increase @ 2-15 ul/egg

no effect

no effect

decreased @ all doses

decreased @ 0.5,1,2 mg/kg bw

increased

no effect

increased @ 1, 2 mg/kg bw

increased (30% @ 10 mg leptophos/kg/d;

10% @ 0.5 mg cyanofenphos/kg/d; 0% @

1.0 mg cyanofenphos/kg/d; 20% @ 2.0 mg

cyanofenphos/kg/d ;60% @ 4.0 mg

cyanofenphos/kg/d; 100% @ 8.0 mg

cyanofenphos/kg/d

Note Reference

hy

hz

ia

ib

ic

id

ie

if

ig

ih

ij

ik

il

im

in

io

ip

iq

ir

94

05

15

05

25

05

94

94

35

05

25

94

83

45

45

55

45

45

55

65

06/17/99

ii


Chemical

CYANOFENPHOS

CYANOFENPHOS

CYANOFENPHOS

DDE (4,4'-)

DDE (4,4'-)

DDE (4,4'-)

DDE (4,4'-)

DDE (4,4'-)

DDE (4,4'-)

DDE (4,4'-)

DDE (4,4'-)

DDE (4,4'-)

DDE (4,4'-)

DDE (4,4'-)

DDE (4,4'-)

DDE (4,4'-)

DDE (4,4'-)

DDE (4,4'-)

DDE (4,4'-)

DDE (4,4'-)

Tox Exposure

0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, 8.0 mg/kg/d

0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, 8.0 mg/kg/d

0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, 8.0 mg/kg/d

0, 40 ppm DDE

40 ppm DDE

control or 100 ppm DDE

control, 40 mg/kg dry weight diet

0, 3 mg/kg diet

control, 40 mg/kg dry weight

0, 3, 30, 100 ug/g diet

0, 40 ppm

0, 3, 30, 100 ug/g diet

control or 100 ppm DDE

0, 10, 100, 1000 mg/kg diet

0, 10 ppm

0, 10 ppm

control, 10, 50 ppm DDE

control, 40 mg/kg dry weight diet

0, 3, 30, 100 ug/g diet

control, 10-100 ppm DDE

Endpoint Type


dataTOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal



whole animal


whole animal









behavioral effects


behavioral effects














whole animal


whole animal


incidence of histological lesions in axons and myelin

sheaths

bw versus controls

incidence of delayed neurotoxicity signs

DDE residue concentrations in eggs

DDE residues in whole carcass, egg contents, and

brain

mean (+/- SE) DDE levels (ppm wet weight)

mean +/- SE p,p'-DDE concentration in shell gland

mucosa

mean and range of DDE egg concentrations

mean DDE concentrations

mean egg yolk concentrations after 37-42 d on DDE

diet


control (173 g/d)

mean daily food consumption rate (166.4 g food/kg

body weight)

nasal gland and kidney Na-K-ATPase activity,

following exposure to 100% seawater

salt gland excretion volume, compared to controls

serum calcium after PTH injection versus controls

serum calcium versus controls

nasal gland secretion volume

plasma calcium concentration

body weight at end of study

body weight or plasma electrolyte levels

Endpoint Value

increased @ 2.0, or 4.0 mg cyanofen/kg/d,

10 mg leptophos/kg/d.

decreased @ 2.0, 4.0 mg/kg/d

increased

373 (95% CL; 152-574) ppm lipid basis @

40 ppm diet

78.2 (carcass); 61.6 (egg); 4.1 (brain)

ppm, wet wt

10.6 +/- 2.2 ppm nasal gland, 16.1 +/- 5.1

ppm liver, 5.8 +/- 1.1 ppm kidney, 1.9 +/

0.1 ppm brain @ 100 ppm diet

1.23 +/- 0.12 ug/g wet weight

0.021 - 0.028 ppm wet wt @ 0 ppm; 5.8

(0.32 SE; range 4.28-7.23) ppm wet wt @

3 ppm

38 ug/g wet weight egg (yolk + white), 1.20

ug/g wet weight egg shell gland mucosa @

40 mg/kg

10.3 (0.9 SE) ug/g wet wt. @ 3 ug/g diet;

91.5 (1.5 SE) @ 30 ug/g diet; 332.0 (26.0

SE) @ 100 ug/g diet

no effect

no effect

no effect

36-67% decrease @ 10-1000 ppm

no effect

17% decrease

no effect

no effect

no effect

no effect

Note Reference

is

it

iu

iv

iw

ix

iy

iz

ja

jb

jc

jd

je

jf

jg

jh

ji

jj

jk

jl

65

65

65

31

75

85

95

06

16

26

31

26

85

36

46

46

85

95

26

85

06/17/99

http:4.28-7.23



DDE (4,4'-) 0, 3 mg/kg diet (adults) TOX-REPRO - behavior behavior of offspring; latency in response to no effect jm

approach a maternal call and distance travelled

from a frightening stimulus

DDE (4,4'-) 0, 3 mg/kg diet (adults) TOX-REPRO - behavior decrease in distance traveled in those offspring that decrease @ 3ppm jn

traveled more than 10 cm from a frightening

stimulus

DDE (4,4'-) 0, 3 mg/kg diet (adults) TOX-REPRO - behavior responsiveness of offspring to maternal call; % that increase @ 3 ppm jo

approached call and % that spent 100% of time near

call after initial approach

DDE (4,4'-) 0, 10, or 40 ppm TOX-REPRO - development % normal hatchlings versus controls decreased jp

DDE (4,4'-) 0, 10, or 40 ppm TOX-REPRO - physiology % cracked eggs versus controls increased jq

DDE (4,4'-) control, 40 mg/kg dry weight TOX-REPRO - physiology Ca2+-Mg2+ ATPase activity in eggshell gland 32% decrease @ 40 mg/kg jr

mucosa homogenates, compared to controls

DDE (4,4'-) control, 40 mg/kg dry weight TOX-REPRO - physiology calcium content (umol/g dry weight) of eggshell 44% increase @ 40 mg/kg js

gland mucosa, compared to controls

DDE (4,4'-) control, 40 mg/kg dry weight diet TOX-REPRO - physiology calcium content of secreted fluid in the shell gland, 25% decrease @ 40 mg/kg jt

compared to control

DDE (4,4'-) 0, 3, 30, 100 ug/g diet TOX-REPRO - physiology egg production during study period no effect ju

DDE (4,4'-) control, 10 ppm DDE TOX-REPRO - physiology egg weight, length or breadth, compared to control no effect jv

DDE (4,4'-) control, 40 mg/kg dry weight diet TOX-REPRO - physiology eggshell index (shell weight/shell length x breadth), 28% decrease @ 40 mg/kg jw

compared to control

DDE (4,4'-) control, 40 mg/kg dry weight TOX-REPRO - physiology eggshell index (shell weight/length x breadth), 18% decrease @ 40 mg/kg jx

compared to control

DDE (4,4'-) 0, 10 ppm TOX-REPRO - physiology eggshell thickness versus controls 20.4% decrease jy

DDE (4,4'-) 0, 10, or 40 ppm TOX-REPRO - physiology eggshell thickness versus controls decreased jz

DDE (4,4'-) 0, 3, 30, 100 ug/g diet TOX-REPRO - physiology eggshell thickness, compared to controls 2 - 17% decrease @ 3-100 ug/g ka

DDE (4,4'-) 0, 40 ppm TOX-REPRO - physiology eggshell thickness, compared to control 17% decrease kb

DDE (4,4'-) control, 5 ppm TOX-REPRO - physiology onset of laying, egg production, egg fertility and egg no effect kc

hatchability, compared to controls

DDE (4,4'-) 0, 500, 1000, 5000 mg/kg bw TOX-REPRO - physiology post-dose eggshell thickness versus pre-dose decreased @ 500, 1000, 5000 mg/kg bw kd

thickness

DDE (4,4'-) 0, 3, 30, 100 ug/g diet TOX-REPRO - physiology regression equation relating shell thickness (mm) to ST = 0.986 - 0.060C ke

log10 yolk concentration (C, ug/g); r2=0.54

DDE (4,4'-) 0, 10, or 40 ppm TOX-REPRO - reproductive number of 14-day old ducklings per hen versus decreased kf

success controls

DDE (4,4'-); DDT (4,4'-) 0, 10, 50 ppm DDT, DDE, DDT-SO4 or DDE-SO4 TOX-REPRO - physiology figure of eggshell thickness over 30 d period see citation kg

(significant differences noted at various times)

DDE (4,4'-); DIELDRIN; OXYCHLORDANE; in ppm wet wt, carcass, after 100 d exposure: 0.08 TOX-EXP IND - biomarkers relationship between BROD, PROD, and EROD positive correlation kh

POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS (dieldrin); 0.18 (oxychlordane); 0.09 (DDE), 16.56 activities and total PCB, oxychlordane, and TEQs

(total PCBs) concentrations

06

06

06

56

56

16

16

95

26

15

95

16

46

56

26

31

25

51

26

56

66

76

06/17/99


Chemical

DDE (4,4'-); DIELDRIN; OXYCHLORDANE;

POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS

DDE (4,4'-); LEAD COMPOUNDS; MERCURY

COMPOUNDS

DDE (4,4'-); LEAD COMPOUNDS; MERCURY

COMPOUNDS

DDE (4,4'-); METHYLMERCURY CHLORIDE

DDE (4,4'-); METHYLMERCURY CHLORIDE

DDT (4,4'-)

DDT (4,4'-)

DDT (4,4'-)

DDT (4,4'-)

DDT (4,4'-)

DDT (4,4'-)

DDT (4,4'-)

DDT (4,4'-)

DDT (4,4'-)

DDT (4,4'-)

DDT (4,4'-)

DDT (4,4'-)

DDT (4,4'-)

DDT (4,4'-)

06/17/99

Tox Exposure

in ppm wet wt, carcass, after 100 d exposure: 0.08

(dieldrin); 0.18 (oxychlordane); 0.09 (DDE), 16.56

(total PCBs)

0, 40 ppm DDE, 100 ppm lead, or 200 ppm

N-(ethylmercury)-p-toluene sulfoanilide

0, 40 ppm DDE + 100 ppm lead, or 40 ppm DDE + 200

ppm N-(ethylmercury)-p-toluene sulfoanilide

1, 5 ppm Hg; both doses given with and w/out 5 ppm

DDE

1, 5 ppm Hg; both doses given with and w/out 5 ppm

DDE

0, 2, 20, 200 mg/kg diet

0, 330, 500, 750, 1100, 1650, 2500 mg/kg diet

0, 330, 500, 750, 1100, 1650, 2500 mg/kg diet

0, 2, 20, 200 mg/kg diet

0, 100, 200 ug/g diet

0, 330, 500, 750, 1100, 1650, 2500 mg/kg diet

0, or 50 ppm

0, or 50 ppm DDT

0, 50 ppm

0, 50 ppm

0, 2, 20, 200 mg/kg

0, 75 ppm

0, 50 ppm

0, 50 ppm

Endpoint Type

TOX-EXP IND - biomarkers








behavioral effects




whole animal


whole animal










relationships between EROD activity and dieldrin

concentrations

eggshell thickness versus controls


Hg concentration in breast muscle (mean +/- SE)

mean Hg concentration in third egg laid in clutch

(mean +/- SE)

DDT and DDE concentrations in egg dry matter

ranging from 0-14 d to 330 - 343 d sampling periods

at 4 dietary doses

5 day dietary LC50

food consumption compared with controls

hepatic microsomal enzyme activity (aniline

hydroxylase and aminopyrine N-demethylase)

body weight at end of experiment

body weight gain by 8 days compared with controls

Ca - ATPase activity in eggshell glands versus

controls

calcium concentration in eggshell versus controls

eggshell quality (R-value) versus controls


eggshell thickness, weight and calcium

concentration

eggshell thickness, compared to controls

eggshell weight and thickness, total eggshell

calcium and shell gland epithelial microsomal

Ca-ATPase activity, compared to controls

eggshell weight versus controls

Endpoint Value

positive correlation

decreased @ 40 ppm DDE

decreased with both treatments

1.0 +/- 0.06 (@ 1 ppm Hg, no DDE), 5.3

+/- 0.56 (@ 5 ppm Hg, no DDE) ppm Hg,

wet wt

1.4 +/- 0.18 (@ 1 ppm, no DDE), 8.7 +/

0.87 (@ 5 ppm, no DDE) ppm Hg, wet wt

DDT



DDT (4,4'-) 0, 100, 200 ug/g diet TOX-REPRO - physiology estradiol metabolism and cytochrome P450

concentration

increase @ 100-200 ug/g lb 07

DDT (4,4'-) 0, or 50 ppm TOX-REPRO - physiology total Ca/eggshell no effect lc 17

DDT (4,4'-) 0, 2, 20, 200 mg/kg diet TOX-REPRO - reproductive

success

fertility, hatchability and duckling weight no effect ld 96

DDT (Technical Grade Mixture) 0, 2, 20, 200 mg/kg diet TOX-EXP IND - accumulation DDT and DDE concentrations in egg dry matter

ranging from 0-14 d to 330 - 343 d sampling periods

at 4 dietary doses

DDT

2



DICOFOL

DICOFOL

0, 3, 10, 30, 100 ug/g diet

0, 3, 10, 30, 100 ug/g diet


behavioral effects


whole animal

mean daily food consumption rate (169.8 g food/kg

body weight)

body weight at end of study

no effect

no effect

lu

lv

26

26

DICOFOL 0, 3, 10, 30, 100 ug/g diet TOX-REPRO - physiology egg production during study period no effect lw 26

DICOFOL 0, 3, 10, 30, 100 ug/g diet TOX-REPRO - physiology eggshell thickness, compared to controls 2-12% decrease @ 10-100 ug/g lx 26

DICOFOL 0, 3, 10, 30, 100 ug/g diet TOX-REPRO - physiology incidence of cracked and soft shelled eggs increase @ 100 ug/g ly 26

DICOFOL

DICROTOPHOS

0, 3, 10, 30, 100 ug/g diet

0, 5 mg/L in water of dietary tadpoles (96 hours)



data

regression equation relating shell thickness (mm) to

log10 yolk concentration (C, ug/g); r2=0.39

percent mortality

ST = 1.020 - 0.056C

0% @ 5 mg/L

lz

ma

26

3

DICROTOPHOS 0, 40, 55, 76, 105, 145, 200 ppm diet TOX-MORT - toxicity benchmarks 5 day dietary LC50 )101.8 (coeff. of variation = 21.6% mb 87

DICROTOPHOS 0, 120, 158, 209, 276, 360 ppm diet TOX-MORT - toxicity benchmarks 5 day dietary LC50 )506.7 (coeff. of variation = 40.3% 87

5

87

3

mc

DICROTOPHOS NR TOX-MORT - toxicity benchmarks LD50's determined at ages 36 hr, 7 d, 30 d, and 6 6.17 (3.33-11.4), 7.03 (5.30-9.31), 6.73 md

mos, respectively (95% CI in parenth.) (5.53-8.19), 4.14 (3.33-5.16)

DICROTOPHOS 0, 40, 55, 76, 105, 145, 200 ppm diet TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - consumption of treated diet compared with controls decreased @ 55 and 145 ppm me

behavioral effects

DICROTOPHOS 0, 5 mg/L in water of dietary tadpoles (96 hours) TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - brain acetylcholinesterase activity compared with 70.1% @ 5 mg/L mf

cellular/biochemical effects controls

DICROTOPHOS 0, 2.4 mg/kg bw TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - brain cholinesterase inhibition compared with )42.8% (5.4 SE mg


DICROTOPHOS 0, 2.4 mg/kg bw TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - maximal brain acetylcholinesterase activity inhibition %63 mh 97

cellular/biochemical effects compared to control (4 hrs post-dose)

DICROTOPHOS; FENTHION 16 mg dicrotophos/kg diet OR 17 mg fenthion/kg diet TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - maximal brain acetylcholinesterase activity inhibition %68-78 mi 97

08

96

18

28

28

28

cellular/biochemical effects compared to control (after 3 days treatmentt)

DIELDRIN 0, 4, 10, and 30 ppm Dieldrin TOX-EXP IND - accumulation brain, liver, and adipose dieldrin concentrations increased with all doses mj

DIELDRIN 0, 1, 5, 10 mg/kg diet TOX-EXP IND - accumulation dieldrin concentrations in egg dry matter ranging 0.3 ug/g dry wt. @ 0 ppm; 0.9 - 5.0 @ 1 mk

from 0-14 d to 330 - 343 d sampling periods at 4 ppm; 4.1 - 40.1 @ 5ppm; 6.1 - 78.5 @ 10

dietary doses ppm

DIELDRIN 0, 0.3, 16, 48, 155, 272, 606 ug/g diet TOX-EXP IND - accumulation figures of tissue dieldrin concentrations at different see citation ml

exposure times and doses

DIELDRIN



DIELDRIN 0, 0.014, 0.019, 0.052, 0.075, 0.118, 0.177, 0.193 mg/L TOX-EXP IND - accumulation steady state bioconcentration factor for lipid, 5706 - 1,99 mp 18

calculated on a wet weight basis; range for 7 doses

DIELDRIN 0, 0.014, 0.019, 0.052, 0.075, 0.118, 0.177, 0.193 mg/L TOX-EXP IND - accumulation steady state bioconcentration factor for skin, 4178 - 68 18mq


DIELDRIN 0, 0.014, 0.019, 0.052, 0.075, 0.118, 0.177, 0.193 mg/L TOX-EXP IND - accumulation steady state bioconcentration factor for liver, 349 - 16 18mr


DIELDRIN 0, 0.014, 0.019, 0.052, 0.075, 0.118, 0.177, 0.193 mg/L TOX-EXP IND - accumulation steady state bioconcentration factor for muscle, 55.5 - 9 18

18

ms


DIELDRIN 0, 0.014, 0.052, 0.118 mg/L TOX-MORT - dose-response no mortality observed no effect mt

data

DIELDRIN 0, 0.3, 16, 48, 155, 272, 606 ug/g diet TOX-MORT - toxicity benchmarks 24-d LC50 )29.5 ug/g diet (14 - 28 ug/g, 95% CI 18mu

DIELDRIN 0, 75, 93, 116, 145, 180, 225 ppm diet TOX-MORT - toxicity benchmarks 5 day dietary LC50 )155.8 (coeff. of variation = 16.0% 87mv

DIELDRIN 0, 100, 132, 173, 228, 300 ppm diet TOX-MORT - toxicity benchmarks 5 day dietary LC50 )200.7 (coeff. of variation 22.3% 87mw

DIELDRIN 0, 0.3, 16, 48, 155, 272, 606 ug/g diet TOX-MORT - toxicity benchmarks 96 hr LC50 )165 ug/g diet (100 - 224 ug/g, 95% CI 18

08

96

08

08

08

08

08

08

18

18

07

18

38

mx

DIELDRIN 0, 4, 10, and 30 ppm Dieldrin TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal % drake encounter scores decreased @ all doses my

behavioral effects

DIELDRIN 0, 1, 5, 10 mg/kg diet TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal hepatic microsomal enzyme activity (aniline no effect mz

cellular/biochemical effects hydroxylase and aminopyrine N-demethylase)

DIELDRIN 0, 4, 10, and 30 ppm Dieldrin TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal hepatic microsomal enzyme activity versus controls increased@ 4, 10, 30 ppm na


DIELDRIN 0, 4, 10, and 30 ppm Dieldrin TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal liver DNA content versus controls increased @ 10, 30 ppm nb


DIELDRIN 0, 4, 10, and 30 ppm Dieldrin TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal liver protein concentration versus controls increased @ 30 ppm nc


DIELDRIN 0, 4, 10, and 30 ppm Dieldrin TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - Serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine levels decreased @ 10 ppm (serotonin only) and nd

cellular/biochemical effects versus controls 30 ppm

DIELDRIN 0, 4, 10, and 30 ppm Dieldrin TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal brain and liver weight to body weight ratios versus increased @ 10 ppm (liver only), 30 ppm ne

organ/system effects controls (brain only)

DIELDRIN 0, 4, 10, and 30 ppm Dieldrin TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal bw versus controls no effect nf


DIELDRIN 0, 0.3, 16, 48, 155, 272, 606 ug/g diet TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal 24-d LOAEL based on growth impairment 16.4 ug/g diet ng

whole animal

DIELDRIN 0, 0.3, 16, 48, 155, 272, 606 ug/g diet TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal 24-d NOAEL based on growth impairment 0.3 ug/g nh

whole animal

DIELDRIN 0, 10, 20 ug/g diet TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal body or liver weight at end of experiment no effect ni

whole animal

DIELDRIN 0, 0.014, 0.052, 0.118 mg/L TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal body weight at end of experiment no effect nj

whole animal

DIELDRIN control, 4 ppm TOX-REPRO - development progeny growth (average body weights) at hatch to no effect nk

6 wks of age

06/17/99



DIELDRIN



ENDRIN NR TOX-MORT - toxicity benchmarks LD50's determined at ages 36 hr, 7 d, 30 d, and 6 22.3 (9.88-50.3), 3.37 (2.36-4.80), 2.90 oh 5

mos, respectively (95% CI in parenth.) (2.17-3.88), 5.33 (3.67-7.73)

EPN 0,12,36,108 ug/g egg TOX-MORT - dose-response % surviving to hatch versus controls decreased @ 12 ug/g (48%), 36 ug/g oi 98

data (29%), 108 ug/g (0%)

EPN 0,12,36,108 ug/g egg TOX-MORT - dose-response percent survival versus controls decreased @ 12 ug/g (82%); 36 ug/g oj 98

data (77%); 108 ug/g (70%)

EPN 0, 10, 30, 90, 270 ppm diet TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal food consumption and body weight compared with decreased @ 90, 270 ppm ok 09

behavioral effects controls

EPN 0, 10, 30, 90, 270 ppm diet TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal incidence of hyperactivity, ataxia, and/or paralysis increased @ all doses ol 09

behavioral effects compared with controls

EPN 0, 10, 30, 90, 270 ppm diet TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal activity of brain and plasma cholinesterase, and decreased @ all doses om 09

cellular/biochemical effects brain neurotoxic esterase compared with controls

EPN 0,12,36,108 ug/g egg TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal brain protein content versus controls decreased @ 108 ug/g on 98


EPN 0,12,36,108 ug/g egg TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal brain weight, acetylcholinesterase activity, decreased @ 12, 36, 108 ug/g oo 98

cellular/biochemical effects neurotoxic esterase activity versus controls

EPN 0,12,36,108 ug/g egg TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal brain weight, protein content, acetylcholinesterase decreased @ 12, 36 ug/g op 98

cellular/biochemical effects and neurotoxic esterase versus controls

EPN 0, 10, 30, 90, 270 ppm diet TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal plasma alkaline phosphatase activity compared with decreased @ 90, 270 pmm oq 09


EPN 0,12,36,108 ug/g egg TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal plasma alkaline phosphatase, aspartate decreased @ 36 (cholineserase only), 108 or 98

cellular/biochemical effects aminotransferase, cholinesterase activities, and uric ug/g

acid

EPN 0,12,36,108 ug/g egg TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal plasma cholinesterase activity, hemoglobin and uric decreased @ 12, 36 ug/g os 98

cellular/biochemical effects acid content

EPN 0, 10, 30, 90, 270 ppm diet TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal incidence of CNS lesions (demyelination, axonal increased @ 30, 90

Cal/Ecotox Toxicity Data for Mallard Duck (Anas platyrhynchos) · toxicity data for mallard duck...

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Transcript of Cal/Ecotox Toxicity Data for Mallard Duck (Anas platyrhynchos) · toxicity data for mallard duck...