CAIRNS AREA LOCAL INSTRUCTIONS - VATPAC

CAIRNS AREA LOCAL INSTRUCTIONS

Version 6.2 - 31 March 2020

WARNING Information contained in this document is intended for flight simulation purposes and must not be used

for any real-world aviation use.

VATSIM Australia Pacific Cairns Area Local Instructions

Version 6.2: 31 March 2020 UNCONTROLLED WHEN PRINTED P 2/23

Table of Contents Cairns Area Local Instructions ............................................................................... 1

Document Control .................................................................................................... 4

Change Process ....................................................................................................... 4

Scope ........................................................................................................................ 4

Referenced Documents ........................................................................................... 4

1 Operational Positions and Navigation Aids .................................................... 5

1.1 Cairns Tower ................................................................................................. 5

1.2 Cairns Terminal Control Unit (TCU) .............................................................. 5

1.3 Radio Navigation Aids ................................................................................... 5

2 Cairns Aerodrome ............................................................................................. 6

2.1 Aerodrome Operations .................................................................................. 6

2.1.1 Taxiway Restrictions ............................................................................... 6

2.1.2 Circuit Direction ...................................................................................... 6

2.2 Departures .................................................................................................... 6

2.2.1 IFR Departures ....................................................................................... 6

2.2.2 Standard Assignable Level ..................................................................... 7

2.3 Arrivals .......................................................................................................... 8

2.3.1 IFR Arrivals ............................................................................................. 8

2.4 Runway Selection ....................................................................................... 10

2.4.1 The preferred Runway direction is Runway 15 ..................................... 10

2.5 Separation ................................................................................................... 10

2.5.1 Reciprocal Runway Operations ............................................................ 10

2.5.2 ADC Separation Responsibility ............................................................. 10

2.6 Miscellaneous ............................................................................................. 11

3 Cairns Terminal Control Unit ......................................................................... 12

3.1 TMA Airspace Administration ...................................................................... 12

3.1.1 ATS Surveillance System ..................................................................... 12

3.1.2 Cairns TCU Airspace ............................................................................ 12

3.1.3 Runway 15 Airspace ............................................................................. 12

3.1.4 Runway 33 Airspace ............................................................................. 13

3.1.5 Released Airspace ............................................................................... 14

3.2 Separation ................................................................................................... 15

3.3 Control Practices ......................................................................................... 15

4 Airspace and Coordination ............................................................................ 16



4.1 Airspace Administration .............................................................................. 16

4.2 Coordination ................................................................................................ 16

4.2.1 CS TCU / TWR ..................................................................................... 16

4.2.2 CS TCU Internal ................................................................................... 17

4.2.3 CS TCU / Brisbane Centre ................................................................... 18

4.3 VFR Procedures .......................................................................................... 20

4.3.1 Inbound................................................................................................. 20



Document Control Cairns Area Local Instructions

Version 6.2 – 31 March 2020

Date Version Description

30/7/2019 6 Document re-design

8/08/2019 6.1 Index Formatting

31/03/2020 6.2 Flow information removed.

Change Process Submit change proposals to [email protected] or in the “Airspace – Australia” forum.

Scope This procedure is used by Cairns Tower, Cairns Approach and enroute sectors interfacing Cairns TMA. The scope of the document includes the specific procedures to be used by all civil ATS units within the Cairns TMA and clearances and coordination procedures to be used by enroute sectors interfacing Cairns TMA. General procedures for providing ATS are out of scope and may be found in MATS.

Referenced Documents Title Location

Ratings and Controller Positions Policy https://vts.im/cprp

Manual of Air Traffic Services https://vts.im/vmats

mailto:[email protected]

https://vts.im/cprp

https://vts.im/vmats



1 Operational Positions and Navigation Aids

1.1 Cairns Tower Name Callsign Frequency Login ID

Cairns ADC Cairns Tower 124.9 CS_TWR

Cairns SMC Cairns Ground 121.7 CS_GND

Cairns ACD Cairns Delivery 128.75 CS_DEL

Cairns ATIS N/A 131.1 YBCS_ATIS

1.2 Cairns Terminal Control Unit (TCU) Name Callsign Frequency Login ID

Cairns APP 1 Cairns Approach 118.4 CS_APP

Cairns APP 2* Cairns Approach 126.1 CS_DEP

Cairns Flow* N/A N/A CS-FLW_CTR

* Non-standard position – may only be opened in accordance with the VATPAC ratings and Controller Positions Policy 2 (d).

1.3 Radio Navigation Aids Name Abbreviation Type Frequency

Cairns CS VOR/DME 113.0

Cairns CS NDB 364

Cairns ILS LOC RWY15 ICS ILS/DME 109.9

Cairns LOC DME RWY 33 ICN LOC/DME 109.5



2 Cairns Aerodrome 2.1 Aerodrome Operations

2.1.1 Taxiway Restrictions 2.1.1.1 Taxiway’s A2 and A between A2 and A3 are not available to Aircraft above

7,000 kilograms. Taxiway A4 is not available to Aircraft above 90,000 kilograms. Taxiway Y is not available to aircraft above 10,000 kilograms.

2.1.2 Circuit Direction 2.1.2.1 Circuits are to be conducted north of the Aerodrome.

Runway Direction

15 Left

33 Right

2.2 Departures

2.2.1 IFR Departures 2.2.1.1 IFR aircraft shall be processed via one of the following SIDs:

a) RWY 15, Jets via SWIFT: SWIFT SID. Non-Jets via NONUM: NONUM SID

b) RWY 33, All Jets: EAZEE SID, Radar Transition c) All others: Cairns SID(R)

2.2.1.2 Non-jet aircraft may be issued a Visual Departure. 2.2.1.3 Assignable Heading Range

a) RWY 15: 350° to 030° b) RWY 33: 330° to 070°

Minimum IMC Levels 2.2.1.4 Lowest assignable level in IMC for assigned heading is:

Runway Jet Non-Jet

15 A030 A020, between 350° to 030°

33 A040, between 330° to 009° A030, all other headings

A040, between 330° to 009° A020, between 010° to 060° A024, between 061° to 070°



2.2.2 Standard Assignable Level 2.2.2.1 The standard assignable level for departures is A060 or requested level if

lower. Missed Approaches 2.2.2.2 The Lowest assignable levels for missed approaches are:

Approach Lowest assignable level

ILS/LOC/RNAV-Z Runway 15

A024 NDB, VOR-A, VOR-B

153R DME or GPS Arrival

LOC-Y/-Z Runway 33 A033

2.2.2.3 When weather conditions prevent the application of visual separation

between a departure and a missed approach by tower: a) ADC must advise APP b) Approach must limit departure headings to the following:

Runway Jet Non-jet

15 030 030

33 - 330



2.3 Arrivals

2.3.1 IFR Arrivals Runway 15 2.3.1.1 RNAV arrivals to runway 15 shall be cleared via:

Direction ILS/LOC/RNAV NDB-A/VOR-A Visual

West to Northeast (Red Sector) CODIE Arrival SUNNY Arrival

Direct CS* SUNNY Arrival**

East (Yellow Sector)

UPOLO Arrival UPOLO - CS* UPOLO Arrival**

Southeast (Green Sector)

BARIA DCT UPOLO, then UPOLO Arrival

BARIA -UPOLO - CS* BARIA - UPOLO then UPOLO Arrival**

South to West (Blue Sector)

NONUM Arrival NONUM - CS* NONUM Arrival**

* Means planned A100 or below ** Means planned above A100



Runway 33 2.3.1.2 RNAV arrivals to runway 33 shall be cleared via:

Direction ILS/LOC/RNAV NDB-A/VOR-A Visual

Northeast to East (Green Sector)

KEEWI Arrival

East (Yellow Sector)

HENDO Arrival As planned* HENDO Arrival**

Southeast (Green Sector) TOTTY – 24D ARC – HENDO

then HENDO Arrival

As planned* TOTTY – 24D ARC – HENDO then HENDO Arrival*

South to West (Blue Sector)

SUNNY – KEEWI then KEEWI Arrival

* Means planned A100 or below ** Means planned above A100



Vectoring Arrivals 2.3.1.3 If a STAR cannot be flown due to equipment, an alternate clearance

approximating the STAR shall be issued.

2.4 Runway Selection

2.4.1 The preferred Runway direction is Runway 15

2.5 Separation

2.5.1 Reciprocal Runway Operations 2.5.1.1 Prior to issuing departure instructions and until the departing aircraft is

airborne and another method of separation is applied, APP shall ensure that the arriving aircraft is: a) assigned a level above and vertically separated from the assigned level

of the departure and be at a distance which permits uninterrupted profile descent without loss of radar separation;

b) be confined to a square base leg to join not less than a 10 mile final; or c) confined to a procedurally separated clearance

2.5.1.2 The above does not apply if tower accepts responsibility for separation

Note: The tower may not accept responsibility for separation when a jet aircraft is departing Runway 33.

2.5.2 ADC Separation Responsibility 2.5.2.1 When weather conditions are suitable, ADC shall visually separate:

a) Left downwind with straight-in final for Runway 15 within 5 Miles; b) Right downwind with final for runway 33 within 5 Miles: c) Right circuit for Runway 33 d) Aircraft departing to the Western VFR Corridor from all arriving aircraft

on or east of the extended centreline until the aircraft is established in the Corridor.

Note: ADC shall advise APP/DEP when this separation cannot be applied



2.6 Miscellaneous 2.6.1.1 ATIS Approach Expectation shall be “Expect Instrument Approach” when:

Time Runway 15 Runway 33

Day

Conditions do not meet requirements for CS 360-R Creek Corridor Procedure – NAP2 (VMC conditions do not exist below 3,000 FT)

Conditions do not meet the requirements for KEEWI arrival visual procedure (VMC conditions do not exist below 3,000 FT)

Night All conditions All conditions



3 Cairns Terminal Control Unit 3.1 TMA Airspace Administration

3.1.1 ATS Surveillance System 3.1.1.1 WARNING: Due to terrain shielding, Radar Coverage may be limited

below 2500 feet southwest of the Aerodrome

3.1.2 Cairns TCU Airspace 3.1.2.1 Cairns TCU airspace is divided between Approach and Departure, and is

dependent on the Cairns Duty Runway. 3.1.2.2 Approach is responsible for Class C airspace east of the boundary. 3.1.2.3 Departures is responsible for Class C airspace west of the boundary and

Class G airspace within the Cairns TMA.

3.1.3 Runway 15 Airspace 3.1.3.1 The boundary is defined as: Intersection of coast line and 36 miles CS to

the south, north along the coast to the intersection of the coast and 130R CS, then to the northern end of the VFR Corridor, then to the departure end of Runway 15, then along the runway centreline and Runway 15 LOC to 36 miles CS.



3.1.4 Runway 33 Airspace 3.1.4.1 The boundary is defined as: Intersection of RWY 33 LOC and 36 NM CS,

north along the RWY 33 LOC to the RWY 33 threshold, along the runway centreline, along the RWY 15 LOC to the 12 DME CTA step, then to the intersection of CS 319R and 36 NM CS.



3.1.5 Released Airspace 3.1.5.1 Trinity Airspace

Condition By Day

Vertical Limits SFC – A005

Controlling Authority CS TWR

Lateral Limits: A line from CS/NDB to BUCP then along the CTR boundary to YBH, then Timbertop, then to the northern tip of Admiralty Island to the south-western aerodrome boundary, then CS/NDB.

3.1.5.2 Circuit Release

Condition As released by CS TCU

Vertical Limits As coordinated

Controlling Authority CS TWR

Lateral Limits: Within the lateral limits of the CTR except for D762



3.2 Separation 3.2.1.1 Within the CS CTR, lateral separation may be applied as below when

aircraft are shielded from radar coverage:

Aircraft... ... are procedurally separated from aircraft tracking...

arriving RWY 15 which are: tracking via:

RWY 15 LOC; or RWY 15 RNAV APCH Path; or

on a radar-monitored visual approach on or east of the centreline…

… on or west of the Western VFR Corridor, south of a point where the corridor intersects the CTR north of Cairns.

departing RWY 33 which are: visually monitored by the tower on or east of the centreline; or assigned EAZEE SID; or RADAR SID HDG on or east of 340 degrees…

departing RWY 15 on or east of centreline…

inbound on CS 153-radial…

radar monitored on or east of straight-in final RWY 33, or established on RWY 33 LOC…

3.3 Control Practices 3.3.1.1 Clearances for aircraft entering the CTR must be worded so as to leave no

possibility for misinterpretation by the pilot. NDR, enter the CTR tracking via the Western VFR corridor at A015. Remain on the corridor until advised. 3.3.1.2 If a clearance limit is associated with the clearance, then it must be

reiterated to the pilot to remain “on or west of the VFR Corridor” NDR, enter the CTR tracking via the Western VFR Corridor at A015. Clearance limit the Smithfield Shopping Centre, Remain on or west of the Western VFR Corridor at all times.



4 Airspace and Coordination 4.1 Airspace Administration 4.1.1.1 Cairns TCU is responsible for Class C and G airspace within the following

limits; Lateral Limits: A circle of 36 NM-radius centred on CS/DME Vertical Limits: SFC – FL180 4.1.1.2 Kennedy (KEN*) is responsible for the Class A airspace above Cairns

TMA and airspace surrounding CS TMA. * Kennedy is a non-standard position and should only be opened under the VATPAC

Controller Positions and Ratings Policy. The standard position for Cairns in TBP.

4.2 Coordination

4.2.1 CS TCU / TWR Departures Note: Auto Release is not available at Cairns. 4.2.1.1 Coordinate Runway 15 departures with:

Condition Next Unit

Departing on a Procedural SID or SID(R) with a left turn Approach

All other departures Departures

4.2.1.2 Coordinate Runway 33 departures with:

Condition Next Unit

Non-jet cleared west of runway heading Departures

All other departures Approach

4.2.1.3 For aircraft cleared via visual departure, Tower must advise with the next call.

Arrivals 4.2.1.4 Flow must advise ADC of any sequence changes within 36 Miles CS. 4.2.1.5 Flow must advise ADC of aircraft sequenced for Runway 30. 4.2.1.6 All requests for non-duty runway arrivals must be approved by ADC.



Trinity Airspace 4.2.1.7 No coordination is required through Trinity Airspace for arriving aircraft in

the sector Runway 15/33 extended centreline south clockwise CS 360R. 4.2.1.8 Departing aircraft shall be transferred to APP after ADC no longer has

separation requirements. Standard Circuit Release 4.2.1.9 When the circuit is released, APP does not need to coordinate:

RWY 15 RWY 33

Tracking 15 LOC straight-in Making visual approach via 360R and Creek Corridor Arriving in the northern airspace sector between the above two lines Making a VOR/DME approach

Tracking 33 LOC straight in

4.2.1.10 Aircraft operation in airspace released to Tower shall remain on Tower frequency unless otherwise coordinated.

Tower Separation 4.2.1.11 CS ADC shall notify Approach and Departure when:

a) ADC is unable to visually separate traffic; b) When ADC is able to resume visually separating traffic.

4.2.2 CS TCU Internal 4.2.2.1 Any aircraft whose track may affect both Approach and Departure shall be

processed as follows:

Situation Procedures

Departures on the RWY 15 radar SID cleared through CS2 airspace

Must be coordinated prior to entry of CS2 airspace; however, there is no requirement to change frequency unless specified.

Aircraft to transit CS2 airspace while on CS1 frequency

All separation requirements, restrictions, etc., must be clearly coordinated

RWY 15 arrivals / RWY 33 departures CS1/2 must ensure separation with traffic not painting on radar that may be using the Western VFR Corridor.



(RWY 15 active) CS2 ‘owns’ the CS1/CS2 airspace boundary between Departure End of RWY 15 to the point where CS 130R intersects the coastline south of May Peak.

Any CS1 departures assigned a heading or track south of a line from Departure End of RWY 15 to FCP must be pre-coordinated with CS2.

(RWY 33 active) Runway heading is ‘shared’ between CS1 and CS2.

Non-jet departures on headings less than 30 degrees from RWY HDG must be coordinated with other APP position.

Aircraft not identified. Must be coordinated prior to tracking within the procedural tolerances of the CS1/CS2 boundary.

The section of airspace between the centerlines and the Western VFR Corridor: North of CS (RWY 33 active) and South of CS

Shall not be used without prior coordination unless the aircraft are:

Radar identified and being processed for arrival Being processed on departure

4.2.3 CS TCU / Brisbane Centre Non-Coordination Routes 4.2.3.1 Any route (including SID and random direct tracks) to SWIFT shall be a

non-coordination route, provided that the aircraft: a) Departed Cairns; b) Is assigned the standard assignable level: and c) Is a jet aircraft

4.2.3.2 All of the routes in 3.3.1 shall be non-coordination routes, provided that the aircraft: a) Is inbound to Cairns; b) Is assigned the standard assignable level.

Exception: This paragraph does not apply to the words “As planned” in 3.3.1.2 Coordination Routes 4.2.3.3 Any routes not listed as a Non-Coordination route in this document shall

be Coordinated Routes for the purpose of Coordination between Cairns TCU and Brisbane Centre.

Departure Coordination 4.2.3.4 When coordination is required for a departure, it shall be in the form:

DEPARTURE [callsign], VIA [tracking point].



Standard Assignable Levels 4.2.3.5 The standard assignable levels between Cairns TCU and Brisbane Centre

are:

Situation Standard Assignable Level

Departure FL180 or requested level if lower

Arrival - 055° clockwise to 355° inbound CS A070

Arrival – 355° clockwise to 055° inbound CS A090

Class G arrivals Aircraft entering CS TMA from Class G shall be coordinated. CS TCU will issue airways clearance, therefore transfer of communications should be effected such that CS TCU will have sufficient time to issue such Clearance.



4.3 VFR Procedures

4.3.1 Inbound 4.3.1.1 The Cairns Inbound/outbound from the north via Point Douglas is routed

as follows;



4.3.1.2 The inbound/outbound from the West route is routed as follows;



4.3.1.3 The inbound/outbound from the South via Edmonton route is routed as follows;



4.3.1.4 The inbound/outbound from the South via the Coast route is routed as follows;

CAIRNS AREA LOCAL INSTRUCTIONS - VATPAC

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