caiet de practica tehnologica

7/29/2019 caiet de practica tehnologica

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Introduction

-Practice objective-

1.

Enrich students' knowledge in technology and organization work

and generally in the composition and execution of buildings.

2.Acquisition by students of the method of expression in writing

and graphically by schemes and technological sheets, both overall

design and details that makes the practical implementation of

various technological processes, in appropriate terms of quality,

work safety and economic efficiency.

3. Initiate students in the daily activities of the leader of a work

point, achieve an objective of building activity that characterizez

the immediate following college graduation period.


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Raport activitate saptamanal

Practica tehnologic i de organizare

la

ECHIPA ...1....

Luni 18.06.2012 durata 1h

Activitati: Prezentarea generala a metodologiei si cerintele practicii tehnologice si de

organizare.In cadrul acestei sedinte ni s-au prezentat obiectivele practicii si ceea va trebui

sa contina caietul de practica de la sfarsitul stagiului.

Marti si Miercuri (19-20.06.2012)

Activitati: Insusirea programei analitice si recapitularea cunostiintelor din timpul anului in

vederea desfasurarii intr-un mod coerent si comprhensibil a perioadei de practica.

Joi (21.06.2012) durata 09:00-14:00

Activitati: Impartirea pe echipe si pe companii in sala R 02 dupa care efectuarea cursurilor

de Siguranta si Sanatate a Muncii(SSM) , Situatiilor de orgenta (SU) si Protectia mediului,

finalizate fiecare in parte cu cate un test de evaluare.Aceste cursuri au fost realizate la

sediul firmei in vederea informarii asupra riscurilor de pe santier.Totodata ne-au fost

prezentate atat obligatiile cat si drepturile practicantului.

In cadrul aceleeasi zile la sediul firmei Sc Cris Crisco SRL ni s-au prezentat planurile

necesare deschiderii unui santier precum si fisele tehnice si metodele evaluarii riscurilor

existente pe un santier.

Vineri (22.06.2012) durata 08:00-10:30

Activitati: Vizitarea santierului denumit Parcare subterana apartinand Hotelului Unirea .

In cadrul acestei vizite ni s-a prezentat organizarea santierului (fiind unul de dimensiuni

reduse organizarea acestuia a fost realizata intr-un mod simplu avand o singura cale de

acces direct din str.V Alecsandri), dupa care domnul director executiv Robert ne-a descris

succint etapele realizarii constructiei, plecand de la sapaturi, sprijiniri, drenaje, necesar de

materiale, tip de materiale, tipuri de cofraje, etapele cofrarii precum si perioadele aferenteacestor operatiuni.

Asadar constructia avand dimensiunile 24x67 m are drept sistem de fundare radier general

avand grosimea de 0.8m, armat cu STPB 10 si 8. Sistemul structural fiind constituit din

stalpi + plansee armate pe doua directii. Stalpii au fost armati cu 16 iar planseul cu STPB

10 si 8 ambele elemente fiind realizate cu beton clasa C28/32.5.


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Luni (25.06.2012) durata 08:00-10:15

Activitati: Vizitarea santierului denumit Hotel Imperial.

Discutii in cadrul grupului pe tema santierului vizitat. S-a putut observa planurile planurile

arhitecturale ale santierului, detalii de constructie(structura pe cadre) si finisaj astructurii(fatada placata cu placi decorative melaminate)

Marti (26.06.2012) durata 08:00-11:30

Activitati: Discutii cu domnul inginer Cristi Cioanca pe baza ultimului santier vizitat:

Parcare subterana apartinand Hotelului Unirea. Am aprofundat si reluat etapele realizarii

constructiei: sapaturi, sprijiniri, drenaje, obiectivul final.

Vizitarea santierului denumit Hotelului Imperial, avand ca obiectiv realizarea unui

tip de imobil hotel, cu un regim de inaltime P+6E avand o suprafata utila de 600mp,

parterul fiind predestinat pentru activitati comerciale.

In aceasta vizita ni sa prezentat succint etapele realizarii constructiei, plecand de la

pregatirea terenului, sapaturi pana la finisaje.

Constructia fiind intr-o etapa avansata am putut observa atat lucrari de finisaj cat si lucrari

gata finalizate(fatada, camerele de la ultimale 2 etaje, acoprerisul terasa).

Vizitarea unui santier din zona Copou avand ca obiectiv o casa unifamiliala.

Ni s-au prezentat etapele realizarii constructiei: pregatirea terenului, sprijinirea

pamantului cu ajutorul unui perete de sprijin , aducerea la o cota uniforma convenabila,

realizarea fundatiei si suprastructurii. La acest santier sa putut observa structura pe pereti

portanti a structurii, zidul de sprijin, finisaje(termoizolatie, izolatie fonica).

Vizitarea unui santier din zona Breazu avand ca obiectiv o casa unifamiliala + garaj+

beci+ magazie.

La acest santier sa putut observa etapele realizarii constructiei: sapaturi, sisteme de

cofrare, tipuri de cofraje, sisteme pe cadre a structurii.

Miercuri (27.06.2012) durata 08:00-10:30

Activitati: Discutii cu domnul inginer Cristi Cioanca pe tema tuturor santierelor vizitate:

-santierul de la parcarea subterana a Hotelului Unirea

- santierul de la Hotelul Imperial

- santierul din zona Copou avand ca obiectiv o casa unifamiliala-santier din zona Breazu avand ca obiectiv o casa unifamiliala + garaj+ beci+ magazie.

Lucru la caietul de practica si prezentarea ppt.


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Joi (28.06.2012) durata 08:00-08:30

Activitati: Intalnirea cu indrumatorul de pratica in vederea rezolvarii eventualelor

probleme si neintelegeri.

durata 12:00-15:30

Activitati: Instruirea si Protectia Muncii la firma Cris-Crisco.SRL in vederea angajarii.

Semnarea contractelor de munca.

Vineri (29.06.2012) durata 10:00-11:30

Activitati: Discutii in cadrul grupului pe tema caietului de practica.

Lucru la caietul de practica si a prezentarii ppt.


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2.Health and Safety in ConstructionMinimum safety and health requirements for construction sites

1. Stability and solidity

1.1. Materials, equipment and, in general, anything that, to shift something, may affect safety and

health, should be fixed in an appropriate and safe way.1.2. Access to any surface material that has not adequate strength is not permitted unless equipment is

used or suitable means so that work is done safely.

2. Power distribution equipment

2.1. Installations must be designed, made and used so as not to present a fire or explosion, and workers

are properly protected against the risk of electrocution by direct or indirect affect.

2.2. The design, construction and choice of material and protection devices must take into account the

type and power of the energy distributed, external conditions influence and competence of persons

with access to parts of the plant.

3. Routes and emergency exits

3.1. Emergency routes and exits must be permanently free and lead in the most direct way possible in asecure area.

3.2. In an emergency, all construction sites must be able to evacuate quickly and safely as possible for

workers.

3.3. Number, location and dimensions of emergency routes and exits is determined according to use of

equipment and site dimensions and the rooms and the number of persons that may be present.

3.4. Emergency routes and exits must be marked in accordance with the provisions of national

legislation transposing Directive 92/58/CEE.

Signaling panels must be made of a sufficiently durable material and be placed in appropriate places.

3.5. To be used at any time, without difficulty, routes and emergency exits and passages and doors that

have access to them must not be blocked by objects.3.6. Emergency routes and exits requiring illumination must be provided with safety lighting, adequate

intensity in case of power failure.

4. Detection of fire and fire fighting

4.1. Depending on site characteristics and the size and destination rooms, equipment present, the

physical and chemical properties of substances or materials present, and the number of persons that

may be present, it is necessary to provide a sufficient number of devices appropriate fire-fighting and, if

necessary, a sufficient number of fire detectors and alarm systems.

4.2. Extinguishing devices, fire detectors and alarm systems must be maintained and checked

periodically.

At regular intervals should be made appropriate tests and exercises.

4.3. Non-automatic extinguisher must be accessible and easy to handle.

4.4. They must be marked according to the national legislation transposing Directive 92/58/CEE.

Signaling panels must be sufficiently resistant and placed in appropriate places.

5. Ventilation taking into account the working methods used and the physical demands placed on

workers, have taken steps to ensure workers enough fresh air. If using an installation of ventilation, it


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must be maintained in working order and must not expose workers to drafts which could affect health.

When necessary for health workers, a control system must signal any accidental shutdown of the plant.

6. Exposure to particular risks

6.1. Workers should not be exposed to hazardous noise levels or harmful external influences such as

gases, vapors or dust.

6.2. When workers must enter into an area whose atmosphere is likely to contain a toxic substance or

harmful, have insufficient oxygen content or to be inflammable, the work area must be controlled and

taken appropriate measures to prevent any danger.

6.3. In a closed space a worker can not be in any way exposed to a high risk environment. The worker

must at least be supervised at all times from the outside and must take all appropriate measures to be

awarded first aid effectively and immediately.

7. Temperature. During working hours, the temperature must be appropriate for human beings, taking

into account the working methods used and the physical demands that are subject workers.

8. Natural and artificial lighting of constrcutin ssites, rooms and traffic routes on the site

8.1. Construction sites\, rooms and traffic routes must have, as far as possible, enough natural light.

When daylight is not sufficient and also at night jobs should be provided with appropriate and sufficient

artificial light. When necessary, portable light sources used, protected against shock. The color of

artificial light used must not alter or influence the perception of signals or signposts.

8.2. Lighting installations in rooms, work stations and the traffic routes must be located so as not at risk

of injury to workers.

8.3. Rooms, workstations and traffic routes where workers are exposed to risks in case of failure of

artificial lighting operation, must be provided with emergency lighting of adequate intensity.

9. Doors and gates

9.1. Sliding doors must be fitted with a safety system to prevent derailed and falling over.

9.2. Doors and gates opening upwards must be fitted with a safety system to prevent their fall.

9.3. Doors and gates along the paths of safety must be marked accordingly.

9.4. In the immediate vicinity of gates for vehicle traffic must be doors for pedestrian. They must be

clearly indicated and should be kept free at all times.

9.5. Mechanical doors and gates must function without risk of injury to workers. They must be equipped

with emergency stop devices, accessible and easily identified, except that open automatically in case of

blackout, and must be able to be opened manually.

10. Traffic routes - danger areas

10.1. Traffic routes, including mobile stairs, fixed ladders, loading bays and ramps must be calculated,

placed and arranged, and accessible so that it can be used easily, safely and in accordance with their

destination, and workers are traffic near these horses are not exposed to any risk.

10.2. Ways that serve the movement of persons and / or goods and the place where loading or

unloading operations must be sized according to the number of potential users and the type of activity.

If vehicles are used on traffic routes, a sufficient safety clearance or adequate protective means must be

provided for other site users. Traffic routes must be clearly marked, regularly checked and maintained.

10.3. Traffic routes for vehicles must be located so that there is a sufficient distance from doors, gates,

passages for pedestrians, corridors and stairs.


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10.4. If the site has limited access areas, these areas must be provided with devices to prevent workers

entering without service duties in those areas. Have taken appropriate measures to protect workers

skills to break into dangerous areas. Danger areas must be clearly indicated.

11. Loading bays and ramps

11.1. Loading bays and ramps must be appropriate size loads to be transported.

11.2. Loading bays must have at least one output.

11.3. Ramps must be safe, so that workers can not fall.

12. Space for freedom of movement at the work area sites should be set, depending on equipment and

material necessary so that workers are provided with adequate freedom of movement for their

activities.

13. First Aid

13.1. The employer must ensure that first aid can be made at any time. The employer shall provide

trained personnel for this purpose. Care must be taken to ensure evacuation for medical care to injured

workers or victims of sudden illness.

13.2. To be provided one or more first aid rooms, depending on site size and types of activities.

13.3. For first aid rooms must be equipped with equipment and materials needed for first aid and to be

easily accessible to stretchers.

13.4. These spaces must be marked in accordance with the provisions of national legislation transposing

Directive 92/58/CEE.

13.5. First aid materials must be provided in all places where working conditions require. They must be

properly marked and should be easily accessible. An indication panel located in a visible place must

clearly indicate the address and telephone number of emergency service.

14. Falling objects. Workers must be protected from falling objects, whenever it is technically possible,

by means of collective protection.

Materials and equipment must be placed or stored so as to avoid their collapse or overthrow. If

necessary, must be provided or covered passages will prevent access to dangerous areas.

15. Falls from height

15.1. Falls from height must be prevented with material resources, especially with solid safety railings,

high enough and having at least one border, an intermediate handrail and protection, or other

equivalent alternative means.

15.2. Work at height can not be made, in principle, but with appropriate equipment or using collective

protection devices such as railings, nets or catch platforms.

If, due to the work, you can not use such equipment must be provided adequate means of access and

must use seat belts or other safe means of anchoring.

16. Scaffolding and ladders

16.1. All scaffolding must be designed, constructed and maintained so as to avoid their collapse or

accidental displacement.

16.2. Working platforms, gangways and scaffolding ladders shall be constructed, dimensioned,

protected and used so that people do not fall or be exposed to falling objects.

16.3. Scaffolding should be inspected by a competent person as follows:

a) before use;

b) at regular intervals;


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c) after any change, the period of inactivity, exposure to weather or earthquake or other circumstances

that could affect the strength or stability.

16.4. Stairs must have adequate strength and be properly maintained.

They must be correctly used in appropriate places and according to their destination.

16.5. Mobile scaffolding must be secured against involuntary displacement.

17. Lifting

17.1. All higher plants and accessories, including components and fasteners, anchor and support, must

be:

a) well designed and constructed and sufficiently strong for their intended use;

b) correctly installed and used;

c) maintained in good condition;

d) checked and subjected to regular tests and checks, according to legal provisions in force;

e) handled by skilled workers with appropriate training.

17.2. All installations of high and lifting accessories must be clearly marked maximum load value.

17.3. Higher plants and their accessories may be used for purposes other than those intended.

18. Vehicles and machinery for excavation and handling

18.1. All vehicles and machinery for excavation and handling must be:

a) well designed and constructed, taking into account as far as possible ergonomic principles;

b) maintained in good condition;

c) properly used.

18.2. Drivers and operators of vehicles and machinery for excavation and handling must be properly

trained.

18.3. Have taken preventive measures to avoid falling into excavations or into water vehicles and

machines for excavation and handling.

18.4. When necessary, the excavation and material handling machines must be equipped with resilient

elements, designed to protect the head against crushing when the car rollover and falling objects.

19. Plant, machinery, equipment

19.1. Plant, machinery and equipment, including hand tools, with or without motor, must be:

a) well designed and constructed, taking into account as far as possible ergonomic principles;

b) maintained in good condition;

c) used exclusively for work for which they were designed;

d) operated by workers with appropriate training.

19.2. Plants and pressure vessels must be inspected and tested periodically and control.

20. Excavations, wells, underground works, tunnels, embankments

20.1. If excavations, wells, underground works or tunnels, have taken appropriate measures:

a) to prevent the risk of burial by the overthrow of land, with some support, ditch cleaning or other

appropriate means;

b) to prevent the fall hazards to persons, materials or objects;

c) to ensure sufficient ventilation to all workstations, so as to achieve a breathable atmosphere that is

not dangerous or harmful to health;

d) to allow workers to shelter in a safe place in case of fire or irruption of water falling materials.


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20.2. Before starting, embankment should be taken to minimize hazards due to underground cables and

other distribution systems.

20.3. Have provided safe ways to enter and exit the excavation area.

20.4. Heaps of earth, materials and moving vehicles should be kept at a sufficient distance from

excavations, will eventually build appropriate barriers.

21. Demolition

When a building or demolition works can cause hazards:

a) adopt preventive measures and appropriate methods and procedures;

b) the work must be planned and executed under the supervision of a competent person.

22. Metal or concrete formwork and heavy prefabricated

22.1. Metal or concrete buildings and their components, formwork, prefabricated components or

temporary supports and scaffolding must be installed or removed only under the supervision of a

competent person.

22.2. Appropriate prevention measures shall be provided to protect workers against hazards due to

insecurity and instability of temporary work.

22.3. Formwork, temporary supports and assistance for must be designed and calculated, operated and

maintained so that it can withstand, without risk, the tasks faced by.


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3.Practice objectives

1. PARCARE SUBTERANA

Visit the site called "underground parking" belonging to Hotel

Unirea.

To achieve building were made around the site drainage to lower

the groundwater level.

Being a crowded urban area to dig were built diaphragm walls.

Diaphragm walls are constructed from ground level, the first step is

excavating a large and deep foundation pit. After the excavation is completed, a support

frame is inserted into the hole pouring concrete foundation followed by fixed funnel from

the bottom up. To prevent collapse of excavation walls until the concrete is poured, the

foundation pit is filled with bentonite mud wall the soil material supporters.


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To fix perimetral the diaphragm walls was poured a

reinforcing belt.

Excavation was made from the center out. Near the

wall was leave a supporting wall for proper slope

After the foundation pit center is realize the mud

slope , was replaced with the corresponding braces.

Examples of braces


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Construction of the first section with dimensions 24x67 m has the mat foundation system

with 0.8m thick, reinforced with STPB 10 and 8. Foundation was sealed with epoxy

solution because of rising groundwater.

Structural system consisting of poles + on two floors + walls reinforced diaphragms. The

pillars were reinforced 16 and 10 and 8STPB floor with both elements being made of

concrete C28/32.5 class.

To keep the height poles were made with

haunches.

Slab and wall formwork for casting concrete in diaphragm was made of boards TEGO,brushes and trusses supporting struts.

Aperture of the outer walls Waterproofs out with a waterproof membrane protected with

polestiren extruded plates.

Parking will be covered with a layer of waterproofing, insulation one (polestiren 10cm) and

1m of ground.

According to the project and understanding the local council will recover over the park.


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2.HOTEL IMPERIAL

Visit the site called "Imperial Hotel", with the objective of developing a type of hotel

property.

It will have a height of S + P +6 E.

-floor-space 600 sqm (360 sqm + 240 sqm, with the possibility of communication between

spaces) suitable for showroom, office companies, etc. (height is 3.70 m)

540 sqm

-basement space-food activities suitable for restaurant,

bar, club etc (height is 2.75 m)

-the floor-space will have 72 apartments with

kitchenette and 12 double rooms

During this visit we were summarized stages of theconstruction, starting from land preparation, digging

up the finish.

From the structural point of view it is a frame structure

being braced diaphragm wall being built in six months.

Sharing space was performed using partitions of brick and plasterboard.

Facade ground floor will be covered with decorative stone facade floors and decorative

aluminum plate melamine.

Parking arrangement consisted in

earthworks: ground level was high up in

the parking lot adjacent buildings

(Haufland Lidl) due to water leakage from

rain.


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3. Proiectul La Pini

Visit the site called "LaPini-

Crisco in residence owned by

construction company " Cris-

Crisco, with the objective of

developing a residential

complex.

The project is equipped with

underground parking,

playgrounds and indoor and

outdoor relaxation areas,

"hobby", bar-restaurant and

party halls, with the plateau of

the hill site south Bucium Iasi

The works started in 2008, with the first section. Developed a foundation on which to

continue underground diaphragm walls.

The superstructure is a frame structure, diaphragm wall bracing.


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In 2012 have continued to work building and section 2 of the first floor, filling gaps in

the frame structure with brick, and starting work on the second section.

Formwork and reinforcement over the 2nd floor

slab

-concrete forming was done with boards andplanks TEGO

-welded steel mesh reinforcement to help

realizatcu Field and individual bars for beams

Brick masonry filling gaps

Digging the foundation for achieving the hill second section.

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