CACBeer Tunnels

7/27/2019 CACBeer Tunnels

1/17

28.07.2012

1

Slide 1 of 512012 Congreso Andino de Carreteras , Lima 20.- 22.8.2012.

Gernot Beer,

Professor, Graz University of Technology, Austria

conjoint Professor, University of Newcastle, Australia

Slide 2 of 51

1. Why tunnels ?

2. Large tunneling projects in LA

3. Agua Negra tunnel project

4. State of the art of tunneling technologies

5. Emerging and Future technologies

6. Summary and conclusions

2012 Congreso Andino de Carreteras , Lima 20.- 22.8.2012.

Slide 3 of 51

The trans European traffic network



2/17

28.07.2012

2

Slide 4 of 51

Paso Libertadores


4 Million tons/year !!

Slide 5 of 51

Paso Libertadores


Shut down inwinter5000 !! trucksstranded

High economic cost, CO2 emissions


1. Los Olmos, Water tunnel, Peru, 20 km, US $ 247 M, completed2. Bioceanico Aconcagua: Railway tunnel, 54 km long base tunnel, cost US$ 4 Billion3. Agua Negra: Road tunnel, 14 km, cost US$ 800 M


3/17

28.07.2012

3


High mountainpass,Gravel road,Open only for 3-4months/year


Planned tunnel



4/17

28.07.2012

4


Slide 11 of 51

Conventional Tunneling Method

(New Austrian Tunneling Method, NATM)

Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM)


Slide 12 of 51

Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM)


Advantages:Fast advance rates (if all goes well)Segments can be the final liningEconomic (if all goes well)Disadvantages:High initial cost (Tailor made TBM for project)Problems with changing geological conditionsNeed a plant for production of segmentsOnly circular cross-section possible


5/17

28.07.2012

5

Slide 13 of 51

Conventional tunneling (NATM)


Advantages:Flexible, can be adjusted to geological conditionsAny cross-section possibleLow initial costDisadvantages:Lower advance rates than TBM (if all goes well with TBM)Need to construct final lining

Slide 14 of 51

Experiences with TBM in Andean region:


The use of TBM in the Andes has been of mixedsuccess with world records of progress as well asnearly un-completed projects with machines beingabandonedD. Brox and G. Venturini, Rapid Tunnelling Conference , 2009

Slide 15 of 51

Geological conditions in Andean region:


The Andes are a relatively young geologicalenvironment with highly variable rock conditions,highly altered and extremely strong and abrasiveandesites. The rocks are extremely folded and faultedin some areasD. Brox and G. Venturini, Rapid Tunnelling Conference , 2009


6/17

28.07.2012

6

Slide 16 of 51

Weakness of TBM:


Abrasive rocks (excessive tool wear)Faults (TBM gets stuck)

Source: Nick Barton


TBMs are most appropriately applied inhomogeneous rock conditions .. D. Brox and G. Venturini, Rapid Tunnelling Conference , 2009


Source: D. Brox and G. Venturini, Rapid Tunnelling Conference , 2009


7/17

28.07.2012

7


1. Results from EC Project TUNCONSTRUCT2. New Developments of TBM technology in Brazil


34 RTD partners + 7 clients

Budget: 26 M Euros

Start: 1.9.2005

End: 30.11.2009


Use of virtual reality andinteractive tools


8/17

28.07.2012

8


User friendly simulation

EKATE

Slide 23 of 51



FLAC3D (500 000 Elements) BEFE++ (5 000 Elements)

Slide 24 of 51


Example: Hudson river crossing Simulation, CAD Data



9/17

28.07.2012

9

Slide 25 of 51


Example: Hudson river crossing Simulation, Mesh


Slide 26 of 51


Example: Hudson river crossing Simulation, Results



Koralm tunnel, Austria


10/17

28.07.2012

10



Monitored disk cutters



Results:

Display of actual disc cutter load

Display of rotation speed

Mapping of geological faceconditions


11/17

28.07.2012

11




Underground Construction Information System




12/17

28.07.2012

12







DisplacementsShotcrete thickness

Bolt forces


13/17

28.07.2012

13






14/17

28.07.2012

14


Innovations in use:

Underground information system Monitored disc cutters Innovations being transferred to industry:

Numerical simulation (Hudson river crossing, Koralm) ..Innovations still needing further development

Virtual reality TBM technology


www.tunconstruct.org


Disadvantages of TBM:High initial cost (Tailor made TBM for project)Problems with changing geological conditionsAbrasive rockNeed a plant for production of segmentsOnly circular cross-section possible


15/17

28.07.2012

15


Brute force !!

Slides courtesy of Prof.Marcos NoronhaFlorianopolis, Brazil


Tailor made machinesHigh initial cost !!


High maintenance costs !!


16/17

28.07.2012

16


Current technology


Future technology


Water jet


17/17

28.07.2012

17


Extruded lining superfast setting concrete engineered material


Advantages:Flexible, can be adjusted to geologicalconditionsAny cross-section possibleReusable

Can be used in abrasive rockHigh advance ratesNo need for concrete segment plant


State of development:Research grant approvedLab for prototype testing nearing completionPrototype testing completed in 3 years

CACBeer Tunnels

Documents

Transcript of CACBeer Tunnels