Cac loai gian khoan
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14-Sep-2014 -
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Transcript of Cac loai gian khoan
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The Drilling Rig and Its Crew
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Types of Rigs
• Onshore or land rigs
• Offshore rigs– Barges– Drilling Tenders– Platforms– Jack-ups– Semisubmersibles– Drillships
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Land Rigs
• Cantilever mast – most common arrangement• Portable mast – usually mounted on trucks that
incorporate the hoisting machinery, engines and derrick as a single unit
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Land Rigs
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Land Rigs
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Drilling Barges• Mobile, flat bottomed shallow draft vessels• Used for drilling in swampy or shallow coastal
waters (8-20 ft)– West African river deltas, US Gulf Coast,
Maracaibo, Kalimantan• Limited stability and can be used in very calm
waters• Need utility barges because of limited storage space
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Drilling Barges
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Drilling Tenders
• Non-self-propelled barges or semisubmersibles• Moored alongside a platform• Derrick equipment on platform• Allows less costly platforms to be used for
development
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Drilling Tenders
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Platforms
• Fixed-bottom or rigid – rigid structures extend from the seabed to all the way above the surface of the water– Steel jacket or concrete gravity (CGS)
• Floating – float near the water surface– Tension leg (TLP), Spar
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Type of Platforms
Type of Platform
Connection to Seabed Example
Fixed-bottom Piles Gravity
Steel jacket Concrete Gravity Structure (CGS)
Floating Tethers Catenary mooring lines Single Point Mooring (SPM)
Tension Leg Platform (TLP) Semi-submersible, Spar Ship-shaped vessel (FPSO)
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Platforms
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Jack-ups
• Mobile self-elevating rigs equipped with long support legs
• Designed to drill in <350 ft of water
• Very stable
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Jack-ups (NEW)
• Spud cans xxxxxx
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Semisubmersibles• Have a water ballasting system
that can partially submerge its vertical stabilizing columns
• Anchor-moored or dynamically positioned
• Can operate in water depths of up to 6000 ft.
• Operational depth limited by mooring equipment and riser handling capacity
• Can work in harsh environments like the North Sea
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Semisubmersibles
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A Word On Dynamic Positioning
• Dynamic Positioning – is a technique used on floaters utilizing large computer-controlled on-board propulsion units (pitch propellers or “thrusters”) controlled by a satellite navigation system to maintain the position of a vessel with respect to a point on the seabed
• Range of weather conditions is limited
• Generally not used in water depths of less than 3000 ft
• Because of large fuel consumption it is only economically feasible in the ff circumstances:– Frequent location changes are required
– Anchor lengths required are excessive (>3000 ft)
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Drillships• Capable of drilling in
very deep water (>6000 ft)
• Offer greater mobility than a “semi” or jack-up
• Greater storage facilities• Anchor-moored or
dynamically positioned• Limited to areas where
wave action is not severe
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Keyway
• The keyway is the opening on an inland barge or offshore jackup in which the drilling operations are performed.
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Moonpool
• The hole through a floater or semi-submersible structure is which the drilling operations are performed.
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Rig Setup
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Rig Crew
• Offshore Installation Manager (OIM) (for offshore rigs only)
• Rig Superintendent or Day Toolpusher• Night Toolpusher• Drillers• Assistant Drillers• Derrickman• Motorman• Roughnecks
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Rig Crew
• Roustabouts
• Electricians
• Mechanics
• Crane Operator
• Catering Crew
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Driller
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Derrickman
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Roughneck
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End of Topic