Cac Dang Bai Tap Chuong Este Lipit

Ti liu luyn thi i hc mn Ha lp 12

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TI LIU LUYN THI I HC MN HA HC LP 12 THPT

Chng 1. ESTE LIPIT

Phn 1. Tm tt l thuyt .

Bi 1. ESTE . I. Khi nim : Khi thay nhm OH nhm cacboxyl ca axit cacboxylic bng nhm OR th c

este

Este n chc RCOOR Trong R l gc hidrocacbon hay H; R

l gc hidrocacbon

Este no n chc : CnH2nO2 ( vi n 2)

Tn ca este :

Tn gc R+ tn gc axit RCOO (ui at)

Vd : CH3COOC2H5 : Etylaxetat

CH2=CH- COOCH3 : metyl acrylat

II. L tnh :- nhit si , tan trong nc thp hn axit v ancol c cng s cacbon : axit > ancol >

este

- Mt s mi c trng : Isoamyl axetat : mi chui chn ; Etyl butiat ,etyl propionat c mi da

III Tnh cht ha hc :

1.Thy phn trong mi trng axit : to ra 2 lp cht lng , l phn ng thun nghch (2 chiu )

RCOOR + H2O

2 4

o

H SO d

t

RCOOH + R,OH

2.Thy phn trong mi trng baz ( Phn ng x phng ha ) : l phn ng 1 chiu

RCOOR + NaOH

0t RCOONa + R

OH

3. Phn ng gc hidrocacbon

a) Phn ng trng hp

+ trng hp vinyl axetat thnh poli(vinyl axetat)

CH2 CH OCOCH3xt, to, p

CH CH2

OCOCH3

nn

P.V.A

+ trng hp metyl metacrylat thnh poli(metyl metacrylat) thu tinh hu c plexiglas).

nCH2 CH COOCH3

CH3

xt, to, p

metyl metacrylat poli(metyl metacrylat) (PMM)

CH CH2

CH3

COOCH3

n

b) Phn ng cng vo gc khng no

CH2=CHCOOCH3 + Br2 CH2Br - CHBrCOOCH3

4. Phn ng ging andehit ca este HCOOR (phn ng trng gng v kh Cu(OH)2/OH

- to ra

Cu2O gch)

HCOOR + 2AgNO3 + 2NH3 + H2O HOCOOR + 2Ag + 2NH4NO3

5. Phn ng kh este bi lti-nhm hirua LiAlH4 thnh ancol bc I

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RCOOR' 4+3

1) LiAlH

2) H ORCH2OH + R'OH

IV. iu ch :

1) Este ca ancol: axit + ancol 0

2 4 ,H SO t este + H2O

RCOOH + ROH

02 4 ,H SO t RCOOR

+ H2O .

2) Este ca phenol : phenol + anhidric axit este + axit

C6H5OH + (RCO)2O RCOOC6H5 + RCOOH

3) Phng php ring iu ch RCOOCH=CH2

RCOOH + CHCH RCOOCH=CH2

Bi 2. LIPIT I. Khi nim:Lipit l nhng hp cht hu c c trong t bo sng, khng ha tan trong nc nhng

tan nhiu trong dung mi hu c khng phn cc.

II. Cht bo:

1/ Khi nim:

Cht bo l trieste ca glixerol vi axit bo c mch cacbon di ( C 16) gi chung l triglixerit hay

triaxylglixerol.

Cng thc:R1COO-CH2 R

1,R

2,R

3: l gc hidrocacbon

R

2COO-CH

R

3COO-CH2

Vd:[CH3(CH2)16COO]3C3H5 : tristearoylglixerol (tristearin)

*Cc axit bo thng gp:

+ Axit bo no:

C15H31COOH: axit panmitic

C17H35COOH: axit stearic

+ Axit bo khng no

C17H33COOH: axit oleic (1 ni i)

C17H31COOH: axit linoleic (2 ni i)

2/ Tnh cht vt l:

- nhit thng,cht bo trng thi lng khi trong phn t c gc hidrocacbon khng no.

trng thi rn khi trong phn t c gc hidrocacbon no.

3/ Tnh cht ha hc:

a.Phn ng thy phn:

[CH3(CH2)16COO]3C3H5+3H2Oo

H

t

3CH3(CH2)16COOH+C3H5(OH)3

c. Phn ng cng hidro ca cht bo lng thnh cht bo rn (b nhn to)

(C17H33COO)3C3H5+3H2 0175 195Ni

C (C17H35COO)3C3H5

lng rn b. Phn ng x phng ha:

[CH3(CH2)16COO]3C3H5 + 3NaOH0t 3[CH3(CH2)16COONa] +C3H5(OH)3

tristearin Natristearat x phng

Xem thm ti liu luyn thi i hc mn Ha.

Phn 2: Trc nghim l thuyt

Cu 1: S ng phn este ng vi cng thc phn t C3H6O2 l



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A. 5. B. 4. C. 2. D. 3.

Cu 2: S ng phn este ng vi cng thc phn t C4H8O2 l

A. 2. B. 3. C. 4. D. 5.

Cu 3: Cht X c cng thc phn t C3H6O2, l este ca axit axetic. Cng thc cu to thu gn ca X l

A. C2H5COOH. B. HO-C2H4-CHO. C. CH3COOCH3. D. HCOOC2H5.

Cu 4: Este etyl axetat c cng thc l

A. CH3CH2OH. B. CH3COOH. C. CH3COOC2H5. D. CH3CHO.

Cu 5: un nng este HCOOCH3 vi mt lng va dung dch NaOH, sn phm thu c l

A. CH3COONa v C2H5OH. B. HCOONa v CH3OH.

C. HCOONa v C2H5OH. D. CH3COONa v CH3OH.

Cu 6: Este etyl fomiat c cng thc l

A. CH3COOCH3. B. HCOOC2H5. C. HCOOCH=CH2. D. HCOOCH3.

Cu 7: un nng este CH3COOC2H5 vi mt lng va dung dch NaOH, sn phm thu c l

A. CH3COONa v CH3OH. B. CH3COONa v C2H5OH.

C. HCOONa v C2H5OH. D. C2H5COONa v CH3OH.

Cu 8: Hp cht Y c cng thc phn t C4H8O2. Khi cho Y tc dng vi dung dch NaOH sinh ra cht

Z c cng thc C3H5O2Na. Cng thc cu to ca Y l

A. C2H5COOC2H5. B. CH3COOC2H5. C. C2H5COOCH3. D. HCOOC3H7.

Cu 9: Thy phn este X trong mi trng kim, thu c natri axetat v ancol etylic. Cng thc ca X

l

A. C2H3COOC2H5. B. CH3COOCH3. C. C2H5COOCH3. D. CH3COOC2H5.

Cu 10: Este metyl acrilat c cng thc l

A. CH3COOCH3. B. CH3COOCH=CH2. C. CH2=CHCOOCH3. D. HCOOCH3.

Cu 11: Este vinyl axetat c cng thc l

A. CH3COOCH3. B. CH3COOCH=CH2. C. CH2=CHCOOCH3. D.

HCOOCH3.

Cu 12: un nng este CH2=CHCOOCH3 vi mt lng va dung dch NaOH, sn phm thu c

l

A. CH2=CHCOONa v CH3OH. B. CH3COONa v CH3CHO.

C. CH3COONa v CH2=CHOH. D. C2H5COONa v CH3OH.

Cu 13: Khi t chy hon ton mt este no, n chc th s mol CO2 sinh ra bng s mol O2 phn

ng. Tn gi ca este l

A. n-propyl axetat. B. metyl axetat. C. etyl axetat. D. metyl fomiat.

Cu 14: Cho glixerol phn ng vi hn hp axit bo gm C17H35COOH v C15H31COOH, s loi trieste

c to ra ti a l ( s trieste = n2(n+1)/2).

A. 6. B. 3. C. 5. D. 4.

Cu 15: Khi thu phn cht bo trong mi trng kim th thu c mui ca axit bo v

A. phenol. B. glixerol. C. ancol n chc. D. este n chc.

Cu 16: Khi x phng ha tristearin ta thu c sn phm l

A. C15H31COONa v etanol. B. C17H35COOH v glixerol.

C. C15H31COOH v glixerol. D. C17H35COONa v glixerol.

Cu 17: Khi x phng ha tripanmitin ta thu c sn phm l


C. C15H31COONa v glixerol. D. C17H35COONa v glixerol.

Cu 18: Khi x phng ha triolein ta thu c sn phm l


C. C15H31COONa v glixerol. D. C17H33COONa v glixerol.

Cu 19: Este c CTPT C3H6O2 c gc ancol l etyl th axit to nn este l

A. axit axetic B. Axit propanoic C. Axit propionic D. Axit fomic

Cu 20: Metyl propionat l tn gi ca hp cht c cng thc cu to no sau y?

A. HCOOC3H7 B. C2H5COOCH3 C. C3H7COOH D. CH3COOC2H5 Cu 21: Este C4H8O2 tham gia c phn ng trng bc, c cng thc cu to nh sau


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A. HCOOC2H5. B. C2H5COOCH3.

C. CH3COOCH=CH2. D. HCOOCH2CH2CH3.

Cu 22: Trong cc hp cht sau, hp cht no thuc loi cht bo?

A. (C17H31COO)3C3H5. B. (C16H33COO)3C3H5.

C. (C6H5COO)3C3H5. D. (C2H5COO)3C3H5.

Cu 23. Cho cc pht biu sau

a. khi un cht bo vi dung dch NaOH th thu c x phng. b. Phn ng este ha l phn ng mt chiu. c. Etyl axetat c phn ng vi Na. d. Phn ng ca este vi dung dch kim gi l phn ng x phng ha. e. Cht bo l trieste ca glixerol vi cc axit bo. S pht biu ng l

A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4

Cu 24: iu ch x phng, ngi ta c th thc hin phn ng

A. un nng axt bo vi dd kim B. un nng glixerol vi axt bo

C. un nng lipit vi dd kim D. A, C ng

Cu 25: Sp xp theo ng th t nhit si ca cc cht: Ancol etylic, Axitaxetic, etylaxetat

A. Ancol etylic< Axitaxetic< etylaxetat B. Ancol etylic C

2H

5OH > CH

3COOCH3 > CH3CHO

B. CH3COOH > CH

3COOCH3 > C

2H

5OH > CH3CHO

C. C2H

5OH > CH

3COOH > CH3CHO> CH3COOCH3

D. C2H

5OH > CH

3CHO > CH3COOCH3

> CH

3COOH

Cu 30: Thy phn este X trong mi trng kim, thu c natri axetat v ancol etylic. Cng thc ca

X l

A. C2H3COOC2H5. B. CH3COOCH3. C. C2H5COOCH3. D. CH3COOC2H5.

Cu 31: C th gi tn este (C17H33COO)3C3H5 l

A. triolein B. tristearin C. tripanmitin D. Stearic

Phn 3: Cc dng bi tp thng gp

Dng 1: Tm CTPT ca este da vo phn ng t chy

Phng php: + t CTTQ ca este: CnH2nO2

+ Vit ptp chy: CnH2nO2 + 3 2

2

n O2 nCO2 + n H2O


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+ t s mol ca CO2 hoc H2O vo ptr ri suy ra s mol ca CnH2nO2

+ T CT : 2 2n nC H O

Mm

n . Th cc d kin bi cho vo CT => n => CTPT cn tm.

Du hiu: + 2H On = 2COn

+ Este c to bi axt no n chc v ancol no n chc.

+ Nhn vo p n nu ch ton l este no n chc

=> Nu thy c 1 trong 3 du hiu ny th c t CTTQ l (CnH2nO2) ri gii nh hng dn trn.

* Este n chc chy cho 2 2CO H O

n n , suy ra este n chc khng no 1 ni i, mch h (CnH2n-

2O2)

neste = 2 2CO H O

n n

V d 1: t chy hon ton 1,48 g este A thu c 2,64g CO2 v 1,08 g H2O. Tm CTPT ca A.

A. C2H4O2 B. C3H6O2 C. C4H8O2 D. C3H4O2

V d 2: t hon ton 4,2g mt este E thu c 6,16g CO2 v 2,52g H2O. Cng thc cu to ca E

l

A. HCOOC2H5. B. CH3COOC2H5.

C. CH3COOCH3. D. HCOOCH3.

V d 3 : Este X to bi ancol no n chc v axit cacboxylic khng no (c 1 lin kt i) n chc.

t chy m mol X thu c 22,4 lt CO2 (ktc) v 9g H2O .Gi tr ca m l bao nhiu trong cc s cho

di y?

A. 1 mol B. 2 mol C. 3 mol D. Kt qu khc

V d 4: t chy hon ton 0,1 gam mt cht hu c X cn 4,48 lt kh oxi (kc) thu c

2 21 1

CO H On : n : . Bit rng X tc dng vi NaOH to ra hai cht hu c. CTCT ca X l:

A. HCOOC3H7 B. HCOOCH3 C. CH3COOC2H5 D. C2H5COOCH3

V d 5: (H B-09) Hn hp X gm hai este no, n chc, mch h. t chy hon ton mt lng

X cn dng va 3,976 lt kh O2 ( ktc), thu c 6,38 gam CO2. Mt khc, X tc dng vi dung

dch NaOH, thu c mt mui v hai ancol l ng ng k tip. Cng thc phn t ca hai este trong

X l

A. C2H4O2 v C3H6O2 B. C3H4O2 v C4H6O2

C. C3H6O2 v C4H8O2 D. C2H4O2 v C5H10O2

Dng 2: Tm CTCT ca este da vo phn ng x phng ha:

1. X phng ha este n chc:

RCOOR + NaOH

0t RCOONa + R

OH

2. Lu : Mt s este khi thu phn khng to ancol:

Este + NaOH 1 mui + 1 anehit

Este n chc c gc ancol dng cng thc R-CH=CH-

Th d CH3COOCH=CH-CH3

Este + NaOH 1 mui + 1 xeton

Este n chc vi dng cng thc R COO C(R)=C(R)R

Th d : CH3-COO-C(CH3)= CH2 to axeton khi thu phn.

Este + NaOH 2 mui + H2O

Este ca phenol: C6H5OOC-R

Este + NaOH 1 sn phm duy nht Este n chc 1 vng

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+NaOH ot

3. Xc nh cng thc cu to este hu c hai chc:

a. Mt ancol v hai mui:

R1 C

O

O R O C

O

R2 + 2NaOH R1COONa + R2COONa + R(OH)2

OHn = 2neste= nmui; nancol = neste

b. Hai ancol v mt mui:

R1 O C

O

2NaOH R1OH + R2OH + R(COONa)2C

O

R O R2 +

nOH

- = 2nmui = 2neste; nOH

- = 2 nru.

4. Khi xc nh cng thc cu to este hu c ta nn ch : - Este c s nguyn t C 3

- Este c Meste 100 vC Este n chc.

- T l mol: este

NaOHn

n = s nhm chc este.

- Cho phn ng: Este + NaOH 0tMui + Ru

p dng nh lut bo ton khi lng ta c: meste + mNaOH = mmui + mru

C cn dung dch sau phn ng c cht rn khan, ch n lng NaOH cn d hay khng.

V d 1: t chy hon ton 1 mol este X thu c 3 mol kh CO2. Mt khc khi x phng ha 0,1 mol

este trn thu c 8,2 gam mui cha natri. Tm CTCT ca X .

A. HCOOC3H7 B. HCOOCH3 C. CH3COOC2H5 D. C2H5COOCH3

V d 2: Cho 20 gam mt este X (c phn t khi l 100 vC) tc dng vi 300 ml dung dch NaOH

1M. Sau phn ng, c cn dung dch thu c 23,2 gam cht rn khan. Cng thc cu to ca X l

A. CH2=CHCH

2COOCH

3. B. CH

3COOCH=CHCH

3. C. C

2H

5COOCH=CH

2. D. CH

2=CHCOOC

2H

5.

V d 3: X phng ha 8,8 gam etyl axetat bng 200 ml dung dch NaOH 0,2M. Sau khi phn ng xy

ra hon ton, c cn dung dch thu c cht rn khan c khi lng l

A. 8,2 gam. B. 8,56 gam. C. 3,28 gam. D. 10,4 gam.

V d 4: X l mt este no n chc, c t khi hi i vi CH4 l 5,5. Nu em un 2,2 gam este X

vi dung dch NaOH (d), thu c 2,05 gam mui. Cng thc cu to thu gn ca X l

A. HCOOCH2CH2CH3. B. C2H5COOCH3.

C. CH3COOC2H5. D. HCOOCH(CH3)2.

V d 5: X phng ho hon ton 1,99 gam hn hp hai este bng dung dch NaOH thu c 2,05 gam

mui ca mt axit cacboxylic v 0,94 gam hn hp hai ancol l ng ng k tip nhau. Cng thc ca

hai este l

A. CH3COOC2H5 v CH3COOC3H7. B. C2H5COOCH3 v C2H5COOC2H5.

C. CH3COOCH3 v CH3COOC2H5. D. HCOOCH3 v HCOOC2H5. V d 6 : Este X khng no, mch h, c t khi hi so vi oxi bng 3,125 v khi tham gia phn ng x phng ho to ra mt anehit v mt mui ca axit hu c. C bao nhiu CTCT ph hp vi X? A. 5. B. 3. C. 4. D. 2.

Dng 3: Tm CTCT ca este da vo t khi hi

Nh CT:

R C

O

O R COONa

OH


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deste/B =este

B

M

M => Meste => n=> CTPT ( Mkk = 29)

V d 1. T khi hi ca mt este so vi khng kh bng 2,07 . CTPT ca este l:

A. C2H4O2 B. C3H6O2 C. C4H8O2 D. C5H10O2

V d 2. Este A iu ch t ancol metylic c t khi so vi oxi l 2,3125. Cng thc ca A l:

A. C2H

5COOC

2H

5. B. CH

3COOCH

3. C. CH

3COOC

2H

5. D. C

2H

5COOCH

3

V d 3. Este A iu ch t ancol metylic c t khi so vi metan l 3,75. Cng thc ca A l:

A. C2H

5COOCH

3. B. HCOOCH

3. C. C

2H

5COOC

2H

5. D. HCOOC

2H

5.

V d 4. Este A iu ch t ancol metylic c t khi so vi metan l 3,75. Cng thc ca A l:

A. C2H

5COOCH

3. B. HCOOCH

3. C. C

2H

5COOC

2H

5. D. HCOOC

2H

5

Dng 4: Tnh hiu sut phn ng este ha

RCOOH + ROH

02 4 ,H SO t RCOOR

+ H2O .

Trc phn ng: a mol b mol

Phn ng; x x x

Sau phn ng; a x b x x

. Tnh hiu sut phn ng - Nu a b H tnh theo ancol

- Nu a < b H tnh theo axit

V d 1: un 12 gam axit axetic vi 13,8 gam etanol (c H2SO4 c lm xc tc) n khi phn ng t ti

trng thi cn bng, thu c 11 gam este. Hiu sut ca phn ng este ho l

A. 62,5%. B. 75%. C. 55%. D. 50%. V d 2: un nng 6,0 gam CH3COOH vi 6,0 gam C2H5OH (c H2SO4 lm xc tc, hiu sut phn

ng este ho bng 50%). Khi lng este to thnh l

A. 6,0 gam. B. 4,4 gam. C. 8,8 gam. D. 5,2 gam

Dng 5: Hai este c cng KLPT tc dng vi NaOH

Cn nh: NaOHn = este

este

m

M => t NaOHn suy ra NaOHV =

M

n

C hoc NaOHm = n.M tu theo bi yu cu.

V d 1. X phng ha hon ton 37,0 gam hn hp 2 este l HCOOC2H5 v CH3COOCH3 bng dung dch

NaOH, un nng. Khi lng NaOH cn dng l

A. 8,0g B. 20,0g C. 16,0g D. 12,0g

V d 2. X phng ha 22,2g hn hp 2 este l HCOOC2H5 v CH3COOCH3 dng ht 200 ml dd NaOH . Nng

mol/l ca dung dch NaOH l.

A. 0,5 B. 1 M C. 1,5 M D. 2M

V d 3. X phng ha hon ton 17,6 gam hn hp 2 este l etyl axetat v metyl propionat bng lng va V

(ml) dung dch NaOH 0,5M. Gi tr V l

A. 200 ml. B. 500 ml. C. 400 ml. D. 600 ml.

Dng 6: Tnh khi lng cht bo hoc khi lng x phng

Ta c PTTQ: (RCOO)3C3H5 + 3 NaOH 3RCOONa +C3H5(OH)3

( cht bo) (X phng) ( glixerol)

p dng LBT KL: mcht bo + mNaOH = mx phng + mglixerol => m ca cht cn tm


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V d 1. un nng cht bo cn va 40 kg dung dch NaOH 15%, gi s phn ng xy ra hon ton. Khi

lng (kg) glixerol thu c l

A. 13,8 B. 4,6 C. 6,975 D. 9,2

V d 2. X phng ha hon ton 17,24 gam cht bo cn va 0,06 mol NaOH. C cn dung dch sau phn

ng thu c khi lng x phng l


V d 3. un nng 4,03 kg panmitin vi lng d dung dch NaOH th thu c bao nhiu kg x phng cha

72% mui natri panmitat ?

A. 5,79 B. 4,17 C. 7,09 D. 3,0024

V d 3. Khi lng Glixerol thu c khi un nng 2,225 kg cht bo (loi tristearin) c cha 20% tp cht vi

dung dch NaOH. (coi nh phn ng xy ra hon ton) l:

A. 1,78 kg. B. 0,184 kg. C. 0,89 kg. D. 1,84 kg

V d 4. X phng ha 8,8 gam etyl axetat bng 100 ml dung dch NaOH 2M. Sau khi phn ng xy ra hon

ton, c cn dung dch thu c cht rn khan c khi lng l


V d 5. Thu phn este X c CTPT C4H8O2 trong dung dch NaOH thu c hn hp hai cht hu c Y v Z

trong Y c t khi hi so vi H2 l 16. X c cng thc l

A. HCOOC3H7 B. CH3COOC2H5 C. HCOOC3H5 D. C2H5COOCH

Dng 7: Xc nh ch s axit, ch s este ha, ch s x phng ha. Ton v cht bo

- Ch s axit: l s mg KOH cn trung ho axit bo t do c trong 1g cht bo.

- Ch s x phng ho: l tng s mg KOH cn x phng ho glixerit v trung ho axit bo t do c

trong 1g cht bo.

Ch s x phng ha = Ch s este ha + ch s axit

- Ch s iot: l s gam iot c th cng hp vo cc lin kt bi c trong 100g cht bo.

V d 1: trung ho lng axit t do c trong 14 gam mt mu cht bo cn 15ml dung dch KOH

0,1M. Ch s axit ca mu cht bo trn l

A. 4,8. B. 6,0. C. 5,5. D. 7,2.

V d 2: X phng ho hon ton 17,24 gam cht bo cn va 0,06 mol NaOH. C cn dung dch sau

phn ng thu c khi lng x phng l


V d 3: Thu phn hon ton cht bo E bng dung dch NaOH thu c 1,84g glixerol v 18,24g

mui ca axit bo duy nht. Cht bo l

A. (C17H33COO)3C3H5. B. (C17H35COO)3C3H5.

C. (C15H31COO)3C3H5. D. (C15H29COO)3C3H5.

V d 4: trung ha ht 4g cht bo c ch s axit bng 7 cn 1 lng NaOH l

A. 0,028g B. 0,02g C. 0,28g D. 0,2g

V d 5: Khi x phng ha hon ton 2,52g cht bo cn 90 ml dung dch KOH 0,1m. Ch s x phng

ha ca cht bo l

A. 200 B. 190 C.210 D.180

V d 6: Khi x phng ha hon ton 2,52g cht bo X c ch s x phng ha l 200 thu c 0,184g

glixerol. Ch s axit ca X l

A. 10,15 B. 66,67 C. 55,55 D. 67,87

Phn 4. Trc nghim chng 1

Cu 1: Este no khng thu c bng phn ng gia axit v ancol?

A Allyl axetat B Vynyl axetat C Etyl axetat D Metyl arcrylat


Luyn thi i hc mn Ha ____________________________________________________________

9

Cu 2: Thy phn este X trong mi trng kim thu c natri axetat v ru etylic. Cng thc ca X

l

A Etyl propionat B Etyl axetat C Metyl axetat D Metyl propionat Cu 3: ng dng ca este trong cuc sng cng nh trong cng nghip l:

A c dng iu ch polime sn xut cht do B Dng lm hng liu trong CN thc phm

C Dng lm dung mi D Tt c u ng Cu4: Khi x phng ha tristearin ta thu c sn phm l:

A C17H35COONa v glixerol B C17H35COOH v glixerol

C C17H31COONa v etanol D C15H31COONa v glixerol Cu 5: Cho s : CH4 A B C D E CH4. Hai cht C, D ln lt l:

A CH3COOH v CH3COONa B CH3CHO v CH3COOH

C CH3COOH v CH3COO-CH=CH2 D C2H5OH v CH3COOH Cu 6: iu kin thng cht bo tn ti dng:

A Lng hoc rn B Lng hoc kh C Lng D Rn Cu 7: Cho hn hp hai cht hu c mch thng X, Y tc dng vi NaOH d thu c mt ru n

chc v mt mui ca mt axit hu c n chc. Nhn xt no sau y khng ng?

A X, Y l 2 este n chc ca cng mt axit B X mt axit hu c n chc, Y ru n chc

C X ru n chc, Y l mt este n chc c to ra t ru X

D X axit n chc, Y l mt este n chc c to ra t axit X Cu 8: Thy phn este E c cng thc phn t C4H8O2 (c mt H2SO4 long), thu c 2 sn phm

hu c X v Y. T X c th iu ch trc tip ra Y bng 1 phn ng duy nht. Tn gi ca E l:

A Propyl fomat B Etyl axetat C Metyl propionat D Ancol etylic Cu 9: Hp cht X n chc c cng thc n gin nht l CH2O. X tc dng vi dung dch NaOH

nhng khng tc dng vi Natri. Cng thc cu to ca X l:

A CH3COOCH3 B HCOOCH3 C CH3COOH D OHCCH2OH Cu 10: S ng phn n chc v tp chc ng vi cng thc phn t C3H6O2 l:

A 3 v 4 B 3 v 3 C 2 v 3 D 2 v 5 Cu 11: C bao nhiu este c cng thc phn t C4H6O2 v chng u c th to ra t phn t este

ha?

A 5 B 2 C 4 D 1 Cu 12: Cho cc cht c cng thc cu to nh sau: HOCH2-CH2OH (X); HOCH2-CH2-CH2OH (Y);

HOCH2-CHOH-CH2OH (Z); CH3-CH2-O-CH2-CH3 (R); CH3-CHOH-CH2OH (T). Nhng cht tc dng

c vi Cu(OH)2 to thnh dung dch mu xanh lam l

A X, Y, Z, T. B Z, R, T. C X, Y, R, T. D X, Z, T. Cu 13: Pht biu no sau y khng ng

A Cht bo l Trieste ca glixerol vi cc axit monocacboxylic c mch cacbon di khng phn nhnh.

B Cht bo cha ch yu cc gc khng no ca axit thng l cht lng nhit phng.

C Phn ng thy phn cht bo trong mi trng kim l phn ng thun nghch.

D Cht bo cha ch yu cc gc no ca axit thng l cht rn nhit phng. Cu 14: Lipit l nhng cht hu c c trong t bo sng v?

A Tan trong nc v c dng lm dung mi hu c khng phn cc

B Khng tan trong nc nhng tan nhiu trong dung mi hu c khng phn cc

C Tan trong nc v tan nhiu trong dung mi hu c khng phn cc

D Khng tan trong nc v khng tan dung mi hu c khng phn cc

Cu 15: Axit bo l? A Nhng axit n chc c mch cacbon ngn phn nhnh


Luyn thi i hc mn Ha ____________________________________________________________

10

B Nhng axit n chc c mch cacbon di phn nhnh C Nhng axit n chc c mch cacbon

ngn, khng phn nhnh D Nhng axit n chc c mch cacbon di, khng phn nhnh Cu 16: Cho cc cht c cng thc cu to di y, cht no l este: a. CH3CH2COOCH3 ;b.

CH3OOCCH3; c. HOOCCH2CH2OH; d. HCOOC2H5

A a, b, c, d B a, c, d C a, b, d D b, c, d Cu 17: Cht bo c tnh cht chung no vi este?

A Tham gia phn ng x phng ha

B Tham gia phn ng thy phn trong mi trng baz

C Tham gia phn ng thy phn trong mi trng axit v trong mi trng baz

D Tham gia phn ng thy phn trong mi trng axit Cu 18: S ng phn cu to c chc este l dn xut ca benzen c cng thc phn t C8H8O2 l:

A 3 B 6 C 5 D 4 Cu 19: Cht bo no sau y tn ti trng thi lng iu kin thng?

A (C15H31COO)3C3H5 B (C17H31COO)3C3H5

C C15H31COOC3H5(OOCC17H35)2 D (C17H35COO)3C3H5 Cu 20: Cht bo l?

A ieste ca glixerol vi cc axit B Trieste ca glixerol vi cc axit

C ieste ca glixerol vi cc axit bo D Trieste ca glixerol vi cc axit bo Cu 21: Hp cht X c cng thc cu to: CH3OOCCH2CH3. Tn gi ca X l:

A Etyl axetat B Metyl axetat C Metyl propionat D Propyl axetat Cu 22: Hp cht hu c X c cng thc C4H8O2. Thy phn X trong mi trng axit thu c 2 cht

hu c Y, Z. Oxi ha Y thu c Z. X l:

A Metyl axetat B Etyl propionat C Etyl axetat D Metyl propionat Cu 23: Thy phn este X trong mi trng kim thu c natri axetat v ru metylic. Cng thc ca

X l

A Etyl propionat B Metyl axetat C Metyl propionat D Etyl axetat Cu 24: S hp cht hu c n chc, c cng thc phn t C2H4O2 v tc dng c vi dung dch

NaOH l

A 1 B 3 C 4 D 2 Cu 25: Cht bo c c im chung no sau y:

A Khng tan trong nc, nng hn nc, c thnh phn chnh ca du, m ng, thc vt.

B L cht lng, khng tan trong nc, nh hn nc, c thnh phn chnh ca du, m ng, thc vt.

C L cht rn, khng tan trong nc, nh hn nc, c thnh phn chnh ca du, m ng, thc vt.

D Khng tan trong nc, nh hn nc, c thnh phn chnh ca du, m ng, thc vt.

Cu 26: Este X no, n chc, mch h c phn trm khi lng oxi xp x bng 36,364%. Cng thc

phn t ca X l

A. C2H4O2.. B. C4H8O2. C. C3H6O2. D. CH2O2.

Cu 27: Cho cc cht sau: CH3OH (1); CH

3COOH (2); HCOOC

2H

5 (3). Th t nhit si gim dn

l

A. (3);(1);(2). B. (2);(1);(3). C. (1);(2);(3). D. (2);(3);(1).

Cu 28: metyl fomiat c cng thc phn t l:

A. HCOOCH3. B. CH

3COOCH

3. C. CH

3COOC

2H

5. D. HCOOC

2H

5.

Cu 29: Este c cng thc phn t CH3COOCH3 c tn gi l:

A. metyl axetat. B. vinyl axetat. C. metyl fomiat. D. metyl propionat.

Cu 30: Pht biu no sau y l khng ng?


Luyn thi i hc mn Ha ____________________________________________________________

11

A. Phn ng thu phn este trong mi trng axit c tnh thun nghch.

B. Cng thc chung ca este gia axit no n chc v ru no n chc l CnH2n O2 (n 2).

C. phn ng x phng ha este l phn ng khng c tnh thun nghch.

D. Este l sn phm ca phn ng este ho gia axit hu c hoc axit v c vi ancol.

Cu 31: Pht biu no sau y l ng:

A. tt c cc este phn ng vi dung dch kim lun thu c sn phm cui cng l mui v ancol.

B. phn ng gia axit hu c v ancol khi c H2SO4 c l phn ng mt chiu.

C. khi thy phn cht bo lun thu c C2H4(OH)2.

D. phn ng thy phn cht bo trong mi trng axit hoc baz lun thu c glixerol.

Cu 32: Cht no sau y tham gia phn ng trng gng:

A. CH3COOH. B. C

3H

7COOH. C. HCOOC

3H

7. D. CH

3COOCH

3.

Cu 33: Este A iu ch t ancol metylic c t khi so vi metan l 3,75. Cng thc ca A l:

A. C2H

5COOCH

3. B. HCOOCH

3. C. C

2H

5COOC

2H

5. D.

HCOOC2H

5.

Cu 34: Phn ng no sau y xy ra:

A. CH3COOCH

3 + Na. B. CH

3COOH + AgNO

3/NH

3. C. CH

3COOCH

3 +

NaOH. D. CH3OH + NaOH

Cu 35: Este X c CTPT C4H

8O

2 c th c to nn t ancol metylic v axit no di y

A. Axit propionic. B. Axit butiric. C. Axit fomic. D. Axit axetic.

Cu 36: Phn ng ha hc c trng ca este l:

A. Phn ng trung ha. B. Phn ng x phng ha. C. Phn ng oxi ha.

D. Phn ng este ha.

Cu 37: Thu phn este trong mi trng kim, khi un nng, gi l phn ng:

A. X phng ho B. Este ho C. Hirat ho D. Kim ho

Cu 38. Khi 8,8g este n chc mch h X tc dng 100ml dd KOH 1M (va ) thu c 4,6g mt

ancol Y. Tn gi ca X l:

A. etyl fomat B. etyl propionat C. etyl axetat D. propyl axetat

Cu 39. Mt este n chc A c phn t lng 88.Cho 17,6g A tc dng vi 300 ml dd NaOH 1M,

un nng.C cn hn hp sau phn ng c 23,2g rn khan.Bit phn ng xy ra hon ton.CTCT A

l:

A.HCOOCH(CH3)2 B.CH3CH2COOCH3 C.C2H3COOC2H5

D.HCOOCH2CH2CH3

Cu 40: Cho 1,84 g axit fomic tc dng vi ancol etylic, nu H = 25% th khi lng este thu c l:

A. 0,75 gam. B. 0,74 gam. C. 0,76 gam. D. Kt qa khc.

Cu 41: Mt este n chc A c t khi so vi kh metan l 5,5. Cho 17,6 g A tc dng vi 300 ml

dung dch NaOH 1M un nng, c cn hn hp sau phn ng thu c 20,4 g cht rn khan. Cng thc

cu to ca este A l

A. n propyl fomiat B. iso propyl fomiat C. etyl axetat D. metyl propionat

Cu42: Cho 26,8 gam hn hp gm este metylfomiat v este etylfomiat tc dng vi 200 ml dung dch

NaOH 2M th va . Thnh phn % theo khi lng ca este metylfomiat l:

A. Kt qa khc. B. 68,4%. C. 55,2%. D. 44,8%.

Cu 43: t chy hon ton mt lng hn hp gm etyl axetat v etyl propionat thu c 15,68 lit kh

CO2 (ktc). Khi lng H2O thu c l

A. 25,2 gam B. 50,4 gam C. 12,6 gam D. 100,8 gam

Cu 44: Mnh khng ng l:

A. CH3CH

2COOCH=CH

2 c th trng hp to polime.

B. CH3CH

2COOCH=CH

2 cng dy ng ng vi CH

2 = CHCOOCH

3.


Luyn thi i hc mn Ha ____________________________________________________________

12

C. CH3CH

2COOCH=CH

2 tc dng c vi dung dch brom.

D. CH3CH

2COOCH=CH

2 tc dng vi dung dch NaOH thu c anhit v mui.

Cu 45: ng vi cng thc C4H8O2 c bao nhiu ng phn n chc?

A. 5 B. 3 C. 6 D. 4

Cu 746Cho 8,8 gam etyl axetat tc dng vi 150 ml dung dch NaOH 1M. C cn dung dch sau phn

ng th khi lng cht rn khan thu c l bao nhiu?

A. 8,2 gam B. 10,5 gam. C. 12,3 gam D. 10,2 gam

Cu 47: Cho 9,2g axit fomic t.dng vi ancol etylic d th thu c 11,3 g este.Hiu sut ca p.ng l:

A. 65,4%. B. 76,4%. C. Kt qa khc. D. 75,4%.

Cu 48: Cht no sau y tham gia phn ng trng gng:

A. HCOOCH3. B. Tt c u c. C. HCOOC

3H

7. D. HCOOH.

Cu 49: S ng phn este ca C4H8O2 l?

A. 4 B. 5 C. 2 D. 3

Cu 50: X phng ha 6,6 gam etyl axetat bng 100 ml dung dch NaOH 0,2M. Sau khi phn ng xy

ra hon ton, c cn dung dch thu c cht rn khan c khi lng l


Cu 50: Khi t chy hon ton 8,8 gam cht hu c X n chc thu c sn phm chy ch gm 8,96

lt CO2 ( ktc) v 7,2 gam nc. Nu cho 8,8 gam hp cht X tc dng vi dung dch NaOH va

n khi phn ng hon ton, thu c 9,6 gam mui ca axit hu c Y v cht hu c Z. Tn ca X l

A. axit propionic. B. etyl axetat. C. metyl propionat. D. ancol

metylic.

Cu 51: Hai sn phm ca phn ng thy phn este X (trong mi trng axit) u tham gia phn ng

trng bc. Cng thc phn t ph hp vi X c th l

A. C2H6O2. B. C3H6O2. C. C2H4O2. D. C3H4O2.

Cu 52: t chy hon ton mt lng hn hp gm etyl axetat v etyl propionat thu c 31,36 lit kh

CO2 (ktc). Khi lng H2O thu c l

A. 12,6 gam B. 50,4 g0am C. 100,8 gam D. 25,2 gam

Cu 52: Cho 20,8 gam hn hp gm metyl fomiat v metyl axetat tc dng vi NaOH th ht 150 ml

dung dch NaOH 2M. Khi lng metyl fomiat trong hn hp l

A. 6 gam. B. 3 gam. C. 3,4 gam. D. 3,7 gam.

Cu 53: un 24 gam axit axetic vi 27,6 gam etanol (c H2SO4 c lm xc tc) n khi phn ng t ti

trng thi cn bng, thu c 22 gam este. Hiu sut ca phn ng este ho l

A. 62,5%. B. 50%. C. 75%. D. 55%.

Cu 54: un nng 6 gam axit axetic vi 6 gam ancol etylic c H2SO4 c lm xc tc. Khi lng este

to thnh khi hiu sut phn ng 80% l

A. 10,00 gam B. 7,04 gam C. 12,00 gam D. 8,00 gam

Cu 55: Cho ancol etylic tc dng vi axit axetic th thu c 22 gam este. Nu H=25% th khi lng

ancol etylic phn ng l:

A. 26 gam. B. 46 gam. C. 92 gam. D. Kt qa khc

Cu 56: ng vi cng thc C3H6O2 c bao nhiu ng phn tc dng c vi dung dch NaOH?

A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 1

Cu 57: Cho 0,92 g axit fomic tc dng vi ancol etylic, nu H = 50% th khi lng este thu c l:


Cu 58: Cho 23,6 gam hn hp gm este metyl fomiat v este etyl axetat tc dng vi 150 ml dung

dch NaOH 2M th va . Thnh phn % theo khi lng ca este metyl fomiat l:

A. 25,42%. B. Kt qa khc. C. 42,32%. D. 68,88%.


Luyn thi i hc mn Ha ____________________________________________________________

13

Cu 59: Hp cht X n chc c cng thc phn t C3H6O2. Khi cho 7,40 gam X tc dng vi dung

dch NaOH va n khi phn ng hon ton, c cn dung dch thu c 9,60 gam cht rn khan.

Cng thc cu to ca X l

A. HCOOC2H5. B. CH3CH2COOH. C. CH3COOCH3. D. HOC2H4CHO.

Cu 60: Cu nhn xt no sau y khng ng: A. este c nhit si thp v axit c lin kt hir lin

phn t.

B. Este khng tan trong nc v khng to c lin kt hir vi nc.

C. Este si nhit thp hn axit to ra n v este d bay hi.

D. Axit si nhit cao v c lin kt hir lin phn t gia cc phn t axit.

Cu 61: Este A iu ch t ancol metylic c t khi so vi oxi l 2,3125. Cng thc ca A l:

A. C2H

5COOC

2H

5. B. CH

3COOCH

3. C. CH

3COOC

2H

5. D.

C2H

5COOCH

3.

Cu 62: Cho 0,01 mol este hu c mch h X phn ng va vi dd cha 0,03 mol KOH. E thuc

loi este:

A. n chc B. hai chc C. ba chc D. khng xc nh

Cu 63: un nng lipit cn va 40kg dd NaOH 15%, gi s phn ng xy ra hon ton. Khi lng

(kg) glixerin thu c l: A. 13,8 B. 6,975 C. 4,6 D. p n

khc

Cu 64 : Khi cho 178 kg cht bo trung tnh phn ng va vi 120 kg dd NaOH 20%, gi s phn

ng xy ra hon ton. Khi lng (kg) x phng thu c l :

A. 61,2 B. 183,6 C. 122,4 D. 146,8

Cu 65: Triglixerit l este 3 ln este ca glixerin. C th thu c ti a bao nhiu triglixerit khi un

glixerin vi hh 3 axit RCOOH, R'COOH, R''COOH (c H2SO4 c lm xc tc):

A. 6 B. 9 C. 12 D. 18

Cu 66: Trong phn ng este ho gia ru v axit hu c th cn bng s dch chuyn theo chiu to

ra este khi:

A. gim nng ru hay axit B. cho ru d hay axit d

C. dng cht ht nc tch nc D. c B, C

Cu 67: Trong phn ng este ho gia ru v axit hu c th cn bng s dch chuyn theo chiu to

ra este khi thc hin?

A. Gim nng ru hay axit. B. Cho ru d hay axit d.

C. Dng cht ht nc tch nc. D. Chng ct ngay

tch este ra.

Cu 68: Ru no cho phn ng este axit CH3COOH d nht:

A. Butan-1-ol B. Butan-2-ol C. Ru isobutylic D. 2-metyl,propan-2-

ol

Cu 69: Cht x c CTPT C4H8O2. Khi X tc dng vi dung dch NaOH sinh ra cht Y c cng thc

C2H3O2Na v cht Z c cng thc C2H6O. X thuc loi cht no sau y:

A. Axit B. Este C. Anhit D. Ancol

Cu 70: Cho cc yu t sau y v phn ng este ho:

1) hon ton 2) C gii hn 3) to nhit mnh 4) Nhanh 5) Chm;

phn ng este ho nghim ng cc yu t no?

A. 1,3 B. 2,4 C. 2,5 D. 3,5

Cu 71: Lm bay hi 7,4 (g) mt este A no, n chc thu c mt th tch hi bng th tch ca 3,2

(g) kh oxi cng k v nhit , ap sut; cng thc phn t ca A l:

A. C3H6O2 B. C4H8O3 C. C5H10O4 D. Kt qu khc

Cu 72: X phng ho 22,2 (g) hn hp este l HCOOC2H5 v CH3COOCH3 bng lng dd NaOH va

, cc mui to ra c sy kh n khan v cn c 21,8(g). Gi thit cc phn ng xy ra hon

ton, S mol HCOOC2H5 v CH3COOCH3 ln lt l:


Luyn thi i hc mn Ha ____________________________________________________________

14

A.0,15(mol) v 0,15(mol) B. 0,2 (mol) v 0,1(mol)

C. 0,1(mol) v 0,2(mol) D. 0,25(mol) v

0,5(mol)

Cu 73.t chy 3,7g cht hu c X cn dng 3,92 lt O2 (ktc) thu c CO2 v H2O c t l mol 1:1.

Bit X tc dng vi KOH to ra 2 cht hu c. Vy cng thc phn t ca X l

A. C3H6O2. B. C4H8O2.

C. C2H4O2. D. C3H4O2.

Cu 74. un nng 215g axit metacrylic vi 100g metanol (vi Hp = 60%). Khi lng este metyl

metacrylat thu c l

A. 100g. B. 125g.

C. 150g. D. 175g.

Cu 75: trung ho 2,8g cht bo cn 3ml dung dch KOH 0,1M. Ch s axit ca mu cht bo trn l A. 8. B. 15. C. 6. D. 16.

ESTE TRONG CC THI CAO NG I HC

Cu 1: (CA-2007) un 12 gam axit axetic vi 13,8 gam etanol (c H2SO4 c lm xc tc) n khi

phn ng t ti trng thi cn bng, thu c 11 gam este. Hiu sut ca phn ng este ho l

A. 50%. B. 75%. C. 55%. D. 62,5%.

Cu 2: (CA-2007)Khi t chy hon ton 4,4 gam cht hu c X n chc thu c sn phm

chy ch gm 4,48 lt CO2 ( ktc) v 3,6 gam nc. Nu cho 4,4 gam hp cht X tc dng vi

dung dch NaOH va n khi phn ng hon ton, thu c 4,8 gam mui ca axit hu c Y v

cht hu c Z. Tn ca X l

A. isopropyl axetat. B. etyl axetat. C. metyl propionat. D. etyl propionat.

Cu 3: (CA-2007)Cho cht X tc dng vi mt lng va dung dch NaOH, sau c cn

dung dch thu c cht rn Y v cht hu c Z. Cho Z tc dng vi AgNO3 (hoc Ag2O) trong dung

dch NH3 thu c cht hu c T. Cho cht T tc dng vi dung dch NaOH li thu c cht Y. Cht

X c th l

A. CH3COOCH=CH2. B. HCOOCH=CH2. C. HCOOCH3. D.

CH3COOCH=CH-CH3.

Cu 4: (CA-2008)Este n chc X c t khi hi so vi CH4 l 6,25. Cho 20 gam X tc dng vi

300 ml dung dch KOH 1M (un nng). C cn dung dch sau phn ng thu c 28 gam cht rn khan.

Cng thc cu to ca X l

A. CH2=CH-COO-CH2-CH3. B. CH3 -COO-CH=CH-CH3.

C. CH2=CH-CH2-COO-CH3. D. CH3-CH2-COO-CH=CH2.

Cu 5: (CA-2008)X phng ho hon ton 22,2 gam hn hp gm hai este HCOOC2H5 v

CH3COOCH3 bng dung dch NaOH 1M (un nng). Th tch dung dch NaOH ti thiu cn dng l:

A. 400 ml. B. 200 ml. C. 300 ml. D. 150 ml.

Cu 6: (CA-2008)un nng 6,0 gam CH3COOH vi 6,0 gam C2H5OH (c H2SO4 lm xc tc,

hiu sut phn ng este ho bng 50%). Khi lng este to thnh l:


Cu 7: (CA-2009)Cho 20 gam mt este X (c phn t khi l 100 vC) tc dng vi 300 ml

dung dch NaOH 1M. Sau phn ng, c cn dung dch thu c 23,2 gam cht rn khan. Cng thc

cu to ca X l

A. CH2=CHCH2COOCH3. B. CH3COOCH=CHCH3.

C. C2H5COOCH=CH2. D. CH2=CHCOOC2H5.


Luyn thi i hc mn Ha ____________________________________________________________

15

Cu 8: (CA-2010)Hn hp Z gm hai este X va Y tao bi cung m t ancol va hai axit cacboxylic k

tip nhau trong day ng ng (MX < MY). t chy hon ton m gam Z cn dng 6,16 lt kh O2 (ktc),

thu c 5,6 lt kh CO2 (ktc) v 4,5 gam H2O. Cng thc este X va gia tri cua m tng ng la

A. CH3COOCH3 v 6,7 B. HCOOC2H5 v 9,5

C. HCOOCH3 v 6,7 D. (HCOO)2C2H4 v 6,6

Cu 9: (CA-2010)Cho 45 gam axit axetic phn ng vi 69 gam ancol etylic (xc tc H2SO4 c), un

nng, thu c 41,25 gam etyl axetat. Hiu sut ca phn ng este ho l

A. 62,50% B. 50,00% C. 40,00% D. 31,25%

Cu 10: (HA-2007)Thu phn hon ton 444 gam mt lipit thu c 46 gam glixerol (glixerin) v

hai loi axit bo. Hai loi axit bo l

A. C15H31COOH v C17H35COOH. B. C17H33COOH v C15H31COOH.

C. C17H31COOH v C17H33COOH. D. C17H33COOH v C17H35COOH.

Cu 11: (HA-2007)X phng ha 8,8 gam etyl axetat bng 200 ml dung dch NaOH 0,2M. Sau khi phn

ng xy ra hon ton, c cn dung dch thu c cht rn khan c khi lng l


Cu 12: (HA-2007)Hn hp X gm axit HCOOH v axit CH3COOH (t l mol 1:1). Ly 5,3 gam

hn hp X tc dng vi 5,75 gam C2H5OH (c xc tc H2SO4 c) thu c m gam hn hp este

(hiu sut ca cc phn ng este ho u bng 80%). Gi tr ca m l

A. 10,12. B. 6,48. C. 8,10. D. 16,20.

Cu 13: (HA-2007) Khi thc hin phn ng este ho 1 mol CH3COOH v 1 mol C2H5OH, lng

este ln nht thu c l 2/3 mol. t hiu sut cc i l 90% (tnh theo axit) khi tin hnh este

ho 1 mol CH3COOH cn s mol C2H5OH l (bit cc phn ng este ho thc hin cng nhit )

A. 0,342. B. 2,925. C. 2,412. D. 0,456.

Cu 14: (HB-2008) Hp cht hu c no, a chc X c cng thc phn t C7H12O4. Cho 0,1 mol

X tc dng va vi 100 gam dung dch NaOH 8% thu c cht hu c Y v 17,8 gam hn hp

mui. Cng thc cu to thu gn ca X l

A. CH3OOC(CH2)2COOC2H5. B. CH3COO(CH2)2COOC2H5.

C. CH3COO(CH2)2OOCC2H5. D. CH3OOCCH2COOC3H7.

Cu 15: (HB-2008) X phng ho hon ton 17,24 gam cht bo cn va 0,06 mol NaOH. C

cn dung dch sau phn ng thu c khi lng x phng l


Cu 16: (HB-2008)Cho hn hp X gm hai hp cht hu c no, n chc tc dng va vi

100 ml dung dch KOH 0,4M, thu c mt mui v 336 ml hi mt ancol ( ktc). Nu t chy

hon ton lng hn hp X trn, sau hp th ht sn phm chy vo bnh ng dung dch

Ca(OH)2 (d) th khi lng bnh tng 6,82 gam. Cng thc ca hai hp cht hu c trong X l

A. CH3COOH v CH3COOC2H5. B. C2H5COOH v C2H5COOCH3.

C. HCOOH v HCOOC2H5. D. HCOOH v HCOOC3H7.

Cu 17: (HB-2008)Este X (c khi lng phn t bng 103 vC) c iu ch t mt ancol n

chc (c t khi hi so vi oxi ln hn 1) v mt amino axit. Cho 25,75 gam X phn ng ht vi

300 ml dung dch NaOH 1M, thu c dung dch Y. C cn Y thu c m gam cht rn. Gi tr m l

A. 27,75. B. 24,25. C. 26,25. D. 29,75.

Cu 18: (HA-2008)Este X c cc c im sau:

- t chy hon ton X to thnh CO2 v H2O c s mol bng nhau;

- Thu phn X trong mi trng axit c cht Y (tham gia phn ng trng gng) v cht Z (c s

nguyn t cacbon bng mt na s nguyn t cacbon trong X).

Pht biu khng ng l:

A. t chy hon ton 1 mol X sinh ra sn phm gm 2 mol CO2 v 2 mol H2O.

B. Cht Y tan v hn trong nc.

C. Cht X thuc loi este no, n chc.


Luyn thi i hc mn Ha ____________________________________________________________

16

D. un Z vi dung dch H2SO4 c 170oC thu c anken.

Cu 19 : (HA-2009)X phng ha hon ton 66,6 gam hn hp hai este HCOOC2H5 v CH3COOCH3

bng dung dch NaOH, thu c hn hp X gm hai ancol. un nng hn hp X vi H2SO4 c

1400C, sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c m gam nc. Gi tr ca m l

A. 18,00. B. 8,10. C. 16,20. D. 4,05.

Cu 20: (HA-2009) X phng ha hon ton 1,99 gam hn hp hai este bng dung dch NaOH thu

c 2,05 gam mui ca mt axit cacboxylic v 0,94 gam hn hp hai ancol l ng ng k tip nhau.

Cng thc ca hai este l

A. HCOOCH3 v HCOOC2H5. B. C2H5COOCH3 v C2H5COOC2H5.

C. CH3COOC2H5 v CH3COOC3H7. D. CH3COOCH3 v CH3COOC2H5.

Cu 21: (HA-2009)Cht hu c X c cng thc phn t C5H8O2. Cho 5 gam X tc dng va ht vi

dung dch NaOH, thu c mt hp cht hu c khng lm mt mu nc brom v 3,4 gam mt mui.

Cng thc ca X l

A. CH3COOC(CH3)=CH2. B. HCOOC(CH3)=CHCH3.

C. HCOOCH2CH=CHCH3 D. HCOOCH=CHCH2CH3.

Cu 22: (HB-2010)Hp cht hu c mch h X c cng thc phn t C6H10O4. Thy phn X to ra

hai ancol n chc c s nguyn t cacbon trong phn t gp i nhau. Cng thc ca X l

A. CH3OCO-CH2-COOC2H5. B. C2H5OCO-COOCH3.

C. CH3OCO-COOC3H7. D. CH3OCO-CH2-CH2-COOC2H5.

Cu 23: (HB-2010) Hn hp X gm axit panmitic, axit stearic v axit linoleic. trung ha m gam

X cn 40 ml dung dch NaOH 1M. Mt khc, nu t chy hon ton m gam X th thu c 15,232 lt

kh CO2 (ktc) v 11,7 gam H2O. S mol ca axit linoleic trong m gam hn hp X l

A. 0,015. B. 0,010. C. 0,020. D. 0,005.

Cu 24: (HA-2010)t chy hon ton mt este n chc, mch h X (phn t c s lin kt nh

hn 3), thu c th tch kh CO2 bng 6/7 th tch kh O2 phn ng (cc th tch kh o

cng iu kin). Cho m gam X tc dng hon ton vi 200 ml dung dch KOH 0,7M thu c dung

dch Y. C cn Y thu c 12,88 gam cht rn khan. Gi tr ca m l

A. 10,56. B. 7,20. C. 8,88. D. 6,66.

Cu 25: (HA-2010)Thu phn hon ton 0,2 mol mt este E cn dng va 100 gam dung

dch NaOH 24%, thu c mt ancol v 43,6 gam hn hp mui ca hai axit cacboxylic n chc.

Hai axit l

A. HCOOH v C2H5COOH. B. HCOOH v CH3COOH.

C. C2H5COOH v C3H7COOH. D. CH3COOH v C2H5COOH.

Cu 26: (H A-2010)Tng s cht hu c mach h, c cng cng thc phn t C2H4O2 l

A. 3 B. 1 C. 2 D. 4

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