C LIBRARY REFERENCE - QNX Reference For QNX Neutrino 6.3 2005, QNX Software Systems Ltd. QNX...

C LIBRARY REFERENCE

Q N X N E U T R I N O R T O S V 6 .3

QNX Neutrino Realtime

Operating SystemLibrary Reference

For QNX Neutrino 6.3

2005, QNX Software Systems Ltd.

QNX Software Systems Ltd.175 Terence Matthews CrescentKanata, OntarioK2M 1W8CanadaVoice: +1 613 591-0931Fax: +1 613 591-3579Email: [email protected]: http://www.qnx.com/

1996 2005, QNX Software Systems Ltd. All rights reserved.

Third-party copyright notices

All appropriate copyright notices for third-party software are published in this manual in an appendix called Third-Party CopyrightNotices.

Publishing history

December 1996 First edition

July 1997 Second edition

August 1999 Third edition

July 2004 Fourth edition

Electronic edition published February 2005.

Technical support options

To obtain technical support for any QNX product, visit the Technical Support section in the Services area on our website(www.qnx.com). Youll find a wide range of support options, including our free web-based Developer Support Center.

QNX, Momentics, Neutrino, and Photon microGUI are registered trademarks of QNX Software Systems Ltd. in certain jurisdictions. All other trademarks and

trade names belong to their respective owners.

Printed in Canada.

Part Number: 002505

Contents

About This Reference liTypographical conventions liii

What youll find in this guide lv

Whats new in QNX Neutrino 6.3.0 Service Pack 1 lv

New content lv

Changed content lvi

Errata lviii

Whats new in QNX Neutrino 6.3.0 lix

New content lix

Whats new in QNX Neutrino 6.2.1 lx

New content lx

Changed content lxi

Errata lxi

Whats new in QNX Neutrino 6.2 lxiii

New Content lxiii

Deprecated Content lxvi

Errata lxvi

Whats new in the QNX Neutrino 6.1.0 docs lxvi

New content lxvii

Deprecated content lxviii

Summary of Functions 1Summary of function categories 3

Asynchronous I/O functions 6

Atomic functions 7

February 1, 2005 Contents iii


Character manipulation functions 8

Conversion functions 9

Directory functions 12

Dispatch interface functions 13

File manipulation functions 17

IPC functions 19

Hardware functions 25

Math functions 27

Memory allocation functions 33

Memory manipulation functions 34

Message queue functions 36

Multibyte character functions 37

QNX Neutrino-specific IPC functions 37

Operating system I/O functions 40

PC Card functions 44

Platform-specific functions 44

Process environment functions 46

Process manipulation functions 49

Realtime timer functions 58

Resource manager functions 60

Searching and sorting functions 65

Shared memory functions 67

Signal functions 67

Stream I/O functions 69

String manipulation functions 72

System database functions 75

System message log functions 76

TCP/IP functions 77

Terminal control functions 85

Thread functions 86

Time functions 95

Variable-length argument list functions 98

iv Contents February 1, 2005


Wide-character functions 98

Whats in a function description? 102

Synopsis: 102

Arguments: 103

Library: 103

Description: 103

Returns: 103

Errors: 103

See also: 104

Examples: 104

Classification: 104

Function safety: 108

Manifests 111QNX Neutrino Functions and Macros 115abort() 119

abs() 121

accept() 123

access() 126

acos(), acosf() 129

acosh(), acoshf() 131

addrinfo 133

aio cancel() 135

aio error() 137

aio fsync() 139

aio read() 141

aio return() 142

aio suspend() 144

aio write() 146

alarm() 147

alloca() 150

alphasort() 153

amblksiz 155

February 1, 2005 Contents v


argc 156

argv 157

asctime(), asctime r() 158

asin(), asinf() 160

asinh(), asinhf() 162

assert() 164

asyncmsg channel create() 167

asyncmsg channel destroy() 170

asyncmsg connect attach() 172

asyncmsg connect attr() 174

asyncmsg connect detach() 176

asyncmsg flush() 178

asyncmsg free() 180

asyncmsg get() 181

asyncmsg malloc() 183

asyncmsg put(), asyncmsg putv() 185

atan(), atanf() 188

atan2(), atan2f() 190

atanh(), atanhf() 192

atexit() 194

atof() 197

atoh() 199

atoi() 201

atol(), atoll() 203

atomic add() 205

atomic add value() 207

atomic clr() 209

atomic clr value() 211

atomic set() 213

atomic set value() 215

atomic sub() 217

atomic sub value() 219

vi Contents February 1, 2005


atomic toggle() 221

atomic toggle value() 223

auxv 225

basename() 226

bcmp() 229

bcopy() 231

bind() 233

bindresvport() 236

brk() 238

bsearch() 241

btext 244

btowc() 245

bzero() 247

cabs(), cabsf() 249

calloc() 251

cbrt(), cbrtf() 253

ceil(), ceilf() 255

cfmakeraw() 257

cfgetispeed() 259

cfgetospeed() 261

cfgopen() 263

cfree() 267

cfsetispeed() 269

cfsetospeed() 272

ChannelCreate(), ChannelCreate r() 275

ChannelDestroy(), ChannelDestroy r() 282

chdir() 285

chmod() 288

chown() 292

chroot() 295

chsize() 298

clearenv() 301

February 1, 2005 Contents vii


clearerr() 304

clock() 306

ClockAdjust(), ClockAdjust r() 308

ClockCycles() 311

clock getcpuclockid() 313

clock getres() 315

clock gettime() 317

clock nanosleep() 320

clock settime() 324

ClockId(), ClockId r() 327

ClockPeriod(), ClockPeriod r() 330

ClockTime(), ClockTime r() 334

close() 337

closedir() 339

closelog() 342

cmdfd() 343

cmdname() 344

confstr() 346

connect() 351

ConnectAttach(), ConnectAttach r() 354

ConnectClientInfo(), ConnectClientInfo r() 359

ConnectDetach(), ConnectDetach r() 363

ConnectFlags(), ConnectFlags r() 365

ConnectServerInfo(), ConnectServerInfo r() 368

copysign(), copysignf() 371

cos(), cosf() 373

cosh(), coshf() 375

creat(), creat64() 377

crypt() 381

ctermid() 383

ctime(), ctime r() 385

daemon() 388

viii Contents February 1, 2005


daylight 390

DebugBreak() 391

DebugKDBreak() 393

DebugKDOutput() 394

delay() 396

devctl() 398

difftime() 408

dircntl() 410

dirname() 413

dispatch block() 416

dispatch context alloc() 419

dispatch context free() 422

dispatch create() 424

dispatch destroy() 427

dispatch handler() 429

dispatch timeout() 432

dispatch unblock() 434

div() 436

dladdr() 438

dlclose() 441

dlerror() 443

dlopen() 445

dlsym() 452

dn comp() 455

dn expand() 457

drand48() 459

drem(), dremf() 461

ds clear() 463

ds create() 465

ds deregister() 468

ds flags() 470

ds get() 472

February 1, 2005 Contents ix


ds register() 474

ds set() 476

dup() 478

dup2() 481

eaccess() 484

edata 487

encrypt() 488

end 490

endgrent() 491

endhostent() 492

ENDIAN BE16() 493

ENDIAN BE32() 495

ENDIAN BE64() 497

ENDIAN LE16() 499

ENDIAN LE32() 501

ENDIAN LE64() 503

ENDIAN RET16() 505

ENDIAN RET32() 507

ENDIAN RET64() 509

ENDIAN SWAP16() 511

ENDIAN SWAP32() 513

ENDIAN SWAP64() 515

endnetent() 517

endprotoent() 518

endpwent() 519

endservent() 520

endspent() 521

endutent() 522

environ 523

eof() 524

erand48() 526

erf(), erff() 528

x Contents February 1, 2005


erfc(), erfcf() 530

err(), errx() 532

errno 535

etext 543

execl() 544

execle() 550

execlp() 557

execlpe() 563

execv() 568

execve() 574

execvp() 580

execvpe() 586

exit() 591

exit() 594

exp(), expf() 597

expm1(), expm1f() 599

C Library F to H 603fabs(), fabsf() 606

fcfgopen() 608

fchmod() 610

fchown() 613

fclose() 616

fcloseall() 618

fcntl() 620

fdatasync() 629

fdopen() 631

feof() 634

ferror() 636

fflush() 638

ffs() 640

fgetc() 641

fgetchar() 643

February 1, 2005 Contents xi


fgetpos() 645

fgets() 647

fgetspent() 650

fgetwc() 653

fgetws() 655

fileno() 658

finite(), finitef() 661

flink() 663

flock() 666

flockfile() 669

floor(), floorf() 671

flushall() 673

fmod(), fmodf() 675

fnmatch() 678

fopen(), fopen64() 682

fork() 687

forkpty() 691

fp exception mask() 693

fp exception value() 696

fp precision() 699

fp rounding() 702

fpathconf() 705

fprintf() 708

fputc() 710

fputchar() 712

fputs() 714

fputwc() 716

fputws() 718

fread() 720

free() 723

freeaddrinfo() 725

freeifaddrs() 727

xii Contents February 1, 2005


freopen(), freopen64() 728

frexp(), frexpf() 732

fscanf() 734

fseek(), fseeko() 736

fsetpos() 739

fstat(), fstat64() 741

fstatvfs(), fstatvfs64() 745

fsync() 749

ftell(), ftello() 751

ftime() 754

ftruncate(), ftruncate64() 757

ftrylockfile() 760

ftw(), ftw64() 762

funlockfile() 765

futime() 767

fwide() 770

fwprintf() 772

fwrite() 774

fwscanf() 777

gai strerror() 779

gamma(), gamma r(), gammaf(), gammaf r() 781

getaddrinfo() 784

getc() 791

getc unlocked() 793

getchar() 795

getchar unlocked() 797

getcwd() 799

getdomainname() 802

getdtablesize() 804

getegid() 806

getenv() 808

geteuid() 810

February 1, 2005 Contents xiii


getgid() 812

getgrent() 814

getgrgid() 817

getgrgid r() 819

getgrnam() 822

getgrnam r() 824

getgrouplist() 827

getgroups() 830

gethostbyaddr() 832

gethostbyaddr r() 835

gethostbyname(), gethostbyname2() 838

gethostbyname r() 841

gethostent() 844

gethostent r() 846

gethostname() 849

getifaddrs() 851

GETIOVBASE() 853

GETIOVLEN() 855

getitimer() 857

getlogin() 859

getlogin r() 861

getnameinfo() 863

getnetbyaddr() 868

getnetbyname() 870

getnetent() 872

getopt() 874

getpass() 880

getpeername() 882

getpgid() 884

getpgrp() 886

getpid() 888

getppid() 890

xiv Contents February 1, 2005


getprio() 892

getprotobyname() 894

getprotobynumber() 896

getprotoent() 898

getpwent() 900

getpwnam() 903

getpwnam r() 905

getpwuid() 908

getpwuid r() 910

getrlimit(), getrlimit64() 913

getrusage() 916

gets() 921

getservbyname() 923

getservbyport() 925

getservent() 927

getsid() 929

getsockname() 931

getsockopt() 933

getspent(), getspent r() 944

getspnam(), getspnam r() 948

getsubopt() 951

gettimeofday() 956

getuid() 958

getutent() 960

getutid() 962

getutline() 965

getw() 967

getwc() 969

getwchar() 971

getwd() 973

glob() 975

globfree() 980

February 1, 2005 Contents xv


gmtime() 982

gmtime r() 984

h errno 986

hcreate() 988

hdestroy() 990

herror() 991

hostent 994

hsearch() 996

hstrerror() 1000

htonl() 1002

htons() 1004

hwi find item() 1006

hwi find tag() 1008

hwi off2tag() 1010

hwi tag2off() 1012

hypot(), hypotf() 1014

C Library I to L 1017ICMP 1020

ICMP6 1022

if freenameindex() 1025

if indextoname() 1027

if nameindex() 1029

if nametoindex() 1031

ifaddrs 1033

ilogb(), ilogbf() 1035

in8() 1037

in8s() 1039

in16(), inbe16(), inle16() 1041

in16s() 1043

in32(), inbe32(), inle32() 1045

in32s() 1047

index() 1049

xvi Contents February 1, 2005


inet addr() 1051

inet aton() 1053

inet lnaof() 1055

inet makeaddr() 1057

inet net ntop() 1059

inet netof() 1062

inet net pton() 1064

inet network() 1066

inet ntoa() 1068

inet ntoa r() 1070

inet ntop() 1072

inet pton() 1075

INET6 1080

inet6 option *() 1084

inet6 rthdr *() 1091

initgroups() 1097

initstate() 1099

input line() 1102

InterruptAttach(), InterruptAttach r() 1104

InterruptAttachEvent(), InterruptAttachEvent r() 1113

InterruptDetach(), InterruptDetach r() 1119

InterruptDisable() 1121

InterruptEnable() 1123

InterruptHookIdle() 1125

InterruptHookTrace() 1129

InterruptLock() 1131

InterruptMask() 1133

InterruptUnlock() 1136

InterruptUnmask() 1138

InterruptWait(), InterruptWait r() 1140

intr v86() 1143

io connect 1147

February 1, 2005 Contents xvii


io connect ftype reply 1154

io connect link reply 1156

ioctl() 1159

iofdinfo() 1161

iofunc attr init() 1163

iofunc attr lock() 1165

iofunc attr t 1167

iofunc attr trylock() 1173

iofunc attr unlock() 1175

iofunc check access() 1177

iofunc chmod() 1181

iofunc chmod default() 1184

iofunc chown() 1186

iofunc chown default() 1189

iofunc client info() 1191

iofunc close dup() 1193

iofunc close dup default() 1196

iofunc close ocb() 1198

iofunc close ocb default() 1200

iofunc devctl() 1202

iofunc devctl default() 1206

iofunc fdinfo() 1208

iofunc fdinfo default() 1211

iofunc func init() 1215

iofunc link() 1218

iofunc lock() 1222

iofunc lock calloc() 1224

iofunc lock default() 1226

iofunc lock free() 1229

iofunc lock ocb default() 1231

iofunc lseek() 1233

iofunc lseek default() 1236

xviii Contents February 1, 2005


iofunc mknod() 1238

iofunc mmap() 1241

iofunc mmap default() 1245

iofunc notify() 1247

iofunc notify remove() 1254

iofunc notify trigger() 1256

iofunc ocb attach() 1259

iofunc ocb calloc() 1261

iofunc ocb detach() 1264

iofunc ocb free() 1267

iofunc ocb t 1269

iofunc open() 1272

iofunc open default() 1277

iofunc openfd() 1279

iofunc openfd default() 1283

iofunc pathconf() 1285

iofunc pathconf default() 1288

iofunc read default() 1290

iofunc read verify() 1292

iofunc readlink() 1296

iofunc rename() 1299

iofunc space verify() 1303

iofunc stat() 1307

iofunc stat default() 1309

iofunc sync() 1312

iofunc sync default() 1314

iofunc sync verify() 1316

iofunc time update() 1319

iofunc unblock() 1321

iofunc unblock default() 1323

iofunc unlink() 1326

iofunc unlock ocb default() 1329

February 1, 2005 Contents xix


iofunc utime() 1331

iofunc utime default() 1334

iofunc write default() 1337

iofunc write verify() 1339

ionotify() 1343

IP 1349

IPsec 1356

ipsec dump policy() 1364

ipsec get policylen() 1366

ipsec strerror() 1368

ipsec set policy() 1370

IP6 1375

isalnum() 1385

isalpha() 1387

isascii() 1389

isatty() 1391

iscntrl() 1393

isdigit() 1395

isfdtype() 1397

isgraph() 1399

isinf(), isinff() 1401

islower() 1403

isnan(), isnanf() 1405

isprint() 1407

ispunct() 1409

isspace() 1411

isupper() 1414

iswalnum() 1416

iswalpha() 1418

iswcntrl() 1420

iswctype() 1422

iswdigit() 1424

xx Contents February 1, 2005


iswgraph() 1426

iswlower() 1428

iswprint() 1430

iswpunct() 1432

iswspace() 1434

iswupper() 1436

iswxdigit() 1438

isxdigit() 1440

itoa() 1442

j0(), j0f() 1445

j1(), j1f() 1447

jn(), jnf() 1449

jrand48() 1451

kill() 1453

killpg() 1456

labs() 1458

lchown() 1460

lcong48() 1463

ldexp(), ldexpf() 1465

ldiv() 1467

lfind() 1469

lgamma(), lgamma r(), lgammaf(), lgammaf r() 1472

link() 1475

lio listio() 1479

listen() 1484

localeconv() 1486

localtime() 1491

localtime r() 1493

lockf() 1495

log(), logf() 1499

log1p(), log1pf() 1501

log10(), log10f() 1503

February 1, 2005 Contents xxi


logb(), logbf() 1505

login tty() 1508

longjmp() 1510

lrand48() 1513

lsearch() 1515

lseek(), lseek64() 1518

lstat(), lstat64() 1522

ltoa(), lltoa() 1525

ltrunc() 1528

C Library M to O 1533main() 1536

mallinfo() 1539

malloc() 1541

mallopt() 1543

max() 1546

mblen() 1548

mbrlen() 1551

mbrtowc() 1553

mbsinit() 1556

mbsrtowcs() 1558

mbstowcs() 1560

mbtowc() 1563

mcheck() 1566

mem offset(), mem offset64() 1568

memalign() 1572

memccpy() 1574

memchr() 1576

memcmp() 1578

memcpy() 1580

memcpyv() 1582

memicmp() 1584

memmove() 1586

xxii Contents February 1, 2005


memset() 1588

message attach() 1590

message connect() 1597

message detach() 1600

min() 1603

mkdir() 1605

mkfifo() 1608

mknod() 1611

mkstemp() 1615

mktemp() 1617

mktime() 1619

mlock() 1622

mlockall() 1624

mmap(), mmap64() 1626

mmap device io() 1633

mmap device memory() 1635

modem open() 1639

modem read() 1643

modem script() 1646

modem write() 1654

modf(), modff() 1657

mount() 1659

mount parse generic args() 1662

mprobe() 1665

mprotect() 1667

mq close() 1670

mq getattr() 1672

mq notify() 1675

mq open() 1678

mq receive() 1682

mq send() 1685

mq setattr() 1688

February 1, 2005 Contents xxiii


mq timedreceive() 1690

mq timedsend() 1693

mq unlink() 1696

mrand48() 1698

msg info 1700

MsgDeliverEvent(), MsgDeliverEvent r() 1703

MsgError(), MsgError r() 1711

MsgInfo(), MsgInfo r() 1714

MsgKeyData(), MsgKeyData r() 1716

MsgRead(), MsgRead r() 1724

MsgReadv(), MsgReadv r() 1728

MsgReceive(), MsgReceive r() 1731

MsgReceivePulse(), MsgReceivePulse r() 1736

MsgReceivePulsev(), MsgReceivePulsev r() 1739

MsgReceivev(), MsgReceivev r() 1742

MsgReply(), MsgReply r() 1746

MsgReplyv(), MsgReplyv r() 1749

MsgSend(), MsgSend r() 1752

MsgSendnc(), MsgSendnc r() 1756

MsgSendPulse(), MsgSendPulse r() 1760

MsgSendsv(), MsgSendsv r() 1764

MsgSendsvnc(), MsgSendsvnc r() 1768

MsgSendv(), MsgSendv r() 1772

MsgSendvnc(), MsgSendvnc r() 1776

MsgSendvs(), MsgSendvs r() 1780

MsgSendvsnc(), MsgSendvsnc r() 1784

MsgVerifyEvent(), MsgVerifyEvent r() 1788

MsgWrite(), MsgWrite r() 1790

MsgWritev(), MsgWritev r() 1794

msync() 1797

munlock() 1800

munlockall() 1802

xxiv Contents February 1, 2005


munmap() 1804

munmap device io() 1806

munmap device memory() 1808

name attach() 1810

name close() 1817

name detach() 1819

name open() 1821

nanosleep() 1824

nanospin() 1826

nanospin calibrate() 1828

nanospin count() 1831

nanospin ns() 1833

nanospin ns to count() 1835

nap() 1838

napms() 1839

nbaconnect() 1840

nbaconnect result() 1843

ND NODE CMP() 1845

netent 1847

netmgr ndtostr() 1848

netmgr remote nd() 1853

netmgr strtond() 1855

nextafter(), nextafterf() 1857

nftw(), nftw64() 1860

nice() 1864

nrand48() 1866

nsec2timespec() 1868

ntohl() 1870

ntohs() 1872

offsetof() 1874

open(), open64() 1876

opendir() 1884

February 1, 2005 Contents xxv


openfd() 1887

openlog() 1890

openpty() 1893

out8() 1895

out8s() 1897

out16(), outbe16(), outle16() 1899

out16s() 1901

out32(), outbe32(), outle32() 1903

out32s() 1905

C Library P to R 1907pathconf() 1910

pathfind(), pathfind r() 1914

pathmgr symlink() 1918

pathmgr unlink() 1920

pause() 1922

pccard arm() 1924

pccard attach() 1928

pccard detach() 1930

pccard info() 1932

pccard lock() 1935

pccard raw read() 1937

pccard unlock() 1939

pci attach() 1941

pci attach device() 1943

pci detach() 1952

pci detach device() 1954

pci find class() 1956

pci find device() 1958

pci irq routing options() 1960

pci map irq() 1963

pci present() 1965

pci read config() 1968

xxvi Contents February 1, 2005


pci read config8() 1970



pci rescan bus() 1976

pci write config() 1978

pci write config8() 1981



pclose() 1987

perror() 1989

pipe() 1991

poll() 1993

popen() 2000

posix mem offset(), posix mem offset64() 2004

posix memalign() 2006

pow(), powf() 2008

pread(), pread64() 2010

printf() 2013

procmgr daemon() 2023

procmgr event notify() 2025

procmgr event trigger() 2030

procmgr guardian() 2032

procmgr session() 2035

progname 2038

protoent 2039

pthread abort() 2040

pthread atfork() 2042

pthread attr destroy() 2044

pthread attr getdetachstate() 2046

pthread attr getguardsize() 2048

pthread attr getinheritsched() 2050

pthread attr getschedparam() 2052

February 1, 2005 Contents xxvii


pthread attr getschedpolicy() 2054

pthread attr getscope() 2056

pthread attr getstackaddr() 2058

pthread attr getstacklazy() 2060

pthread attr getstacksize() 2062

pthread attr init() 2064

pthread attr setdetachstate() 2067

pthread attr setguardsize() 2069

pthread attr setinheritsched() 2072

pthread attr setschedparam() 2074

pthread attr setschedpolicy() 2076

pthread attr setscope() 2078

pthread attr setstackaddr() 2080

pthread attr setstacklazy() 2082

pthread attr setstacksize() 2084

pthread barrier destroy() 2086

pthread barrier init() 2088

pthread barrier wait() 2090

pthread barrierattr destroy() 2092

pthread barrierattr getpshared() 2094

pthread barrierattr init() 2096

pthread barrierattr setpshared() 2098

pthread cancel() 2100

pthread cleanup pop() 2102

pthread cleanup push() 2104

pthread cond broadcast() 2107

pthread cond destroy() 2109

pthread cond init() 2111

pthread cond signal() 2113

pthread cond timedwait() 2115

pthread cond wait() 2119

pthread condattr destroy() 2122

xxviii Contents February 1, 2005


pthread condattr getclock() 2124

pthread condattr getpshared() 2126

pthread condattr init() 2128

pthread condattr setclock() 2130

pthread condattr setpshared() 2132

pthread create() 2134

pthread detach() 2139

pthread equal() 2141

pthread exit() 2143

pthread getconcurrency() 2145

pthread getcpuclockid() 2147

pthread getschedparam() 2149

pthread getspecific() 2151

pthread join() 2153

pthread key create() 2155

pthread key delete() 2159

pthread kill() 2161

pthread mutex destroy() 2163

pthread mutex getprioceiling() 2165

pthread mutex init() 2167

pthread mutex lock() 2169

pthread mutex setprioceiling() 2173

pthread mutex timedlock() 2175

pthread mutex trylock() 2178

pthread mutex unlock() 2180

pthread mutexattr destroy() 2182

pthread mutexattr getprioceiling() 2184

pthread mutexattr getprotocol() 2186

pthread mutexattr getpshared() 2188

pthread mutexattr getrecursive() 2190

pthread mutexattr gettype() 2192

pthread mutexattr init() 2195

February 1, 2005 Contents xxix


pthread mutexattr setprioceiling() 2197

pthread mutexattr setprotocol() 2199

pthread mutexattr setpshared() 2201

pthread mutexattr setrecursive() 2203

pthread mutexattr settype() 2205

pthread once() 2208

pthread rwlock destroy() 2211

pthread rwlock init() 2213

pthread rwlock rdlock() 2216

pthread rwlock timedrdlock() 2218

pthread rwlock timedwrlock() 2221

pthread rwlock tryrdlock() 2224

pthread rwlock trywrlock() 2226

pthread rwlock unlock() 2228

pthread rwlock wrlock() 2230

pthread rwlockattr destroy() 2232

pthread rwlockattr getpshared() 2234

pthread rwlockattr init() 2236

pthread rwlockattr setpshared() 2238

pthread self() 2240

pthread setcancelstate() 2241

pthread setcanceltype() 2243

pthread setconcurrency() 2245

pthread setschedparam() 2247

pthread setspecific() 2249

pthread sigmask() 2251

pthread sleepon broadcast() 2253

pthread sleepon lock() 2255

pthread sleepon signal() 2257

pthread sleepon timedwait() 2259

pthread sleepon unlock() 2263

pthread sleepon wait() 2265

xxx Contents February 1, 2005


pthread spin destroy() 2269

pthread spin init() 2271

pthread spin lock() 2273

pthread spin trylock() 2275

pthread spin unlock() 2277

pthread testcancel() 2279

pthread timedjoin() 2280

pulse 2283

pulse attach() 2285

pulse detach() 2289

putc() 2292

putc unlocked() 2294

putchar() 2296

putchar unlocked() 2298

putenv() 2300

puts() 2303

putspent() 2305

pututline() 2308

putw() 2311

putwc() 2313

putwchar() 2315

pwrite(), pwrite64() 2317

qnx crypt() 2320

qsort() 2322

Raccept() 2325

raise() 2327

rand() 2330

rand r() 2332

random() 2334

Rbind() 2337

rcmd() 2339

Rconnect() 2342

February 1, 2005 Contents xxxi


rdchk() 2344

re comp() 2346

re exec() 2348

read() 2350

read main config file() 2355

readblock() 2359

readcond() 2362

readdir() 2368

readdir r() 2372

readlink() 2375

readv() 2378

realloc() 2382

realpath() 2385

recv() 2387

recvfrom() 2390

recvmsg() 2394

regcomp() 2398

regerror() 2403

regexec() 2405

regfree() 2408

remainder(), remainderf() 2410

remove() 2412

rename() 2415

res init() 2418

res mkquery() 2421

res query() 2424

res querydomain() 2427

res search() 2430

res send() 2433

resmgr attach() 2436

resmgr block() 2445

resmgr connect funcs t 2448

xxxii Contents February 1, 2005


resmgr context alloc() 2450

resmgr context free() 2453

resmgr context t 2455

resmgr detach() 2457

resmgr devino() 2461

resmgr handle grow() 2464

resmgr handle tune() 2466

resmgr handler() 2469

resmgr io func() 2472

resmgr io funcs t 2474

resmgr iofuncs() 2479

resmgr msgread() 2481

resmgr msgreadv() 2483

resmgr msgwrite() 2485

resmgr msgwritev() 2487

RESMGR NPARTS() 2489

resmgr ocb() 2491

resmgr open bind() 2493

resmgr pathname() 2496

RESMGR PTR() 2499

RESMGR STATUS() 2501

resmgr unbind() 2503

rewind() 2505

rewinddir() 2508

Rgetsockname() 2511

rindex() 2513

rint(), rintf() 2515

Rlisten() 2518

rmdir() 2520

ROUTE 2523

Rrcmd() 2530

rresvport() 2532

February 1, 2005 Contents xxxiii


Rselect() 2534

rsrcdbmgr attach() 2536

rsrcdbmgr create() 2543

rsrcdbmgr destroy() 2547

rsrcdbmgr detach() 2549

rsrcdbmgr devno attach() 2551

rsrcdbmgr devno detach() 2555

rsrcdbmgr query() 2557

ruserok() 2560

C Library S 2563sbrk() 2566

scalb(), scalbf() 2569

scalbn(), scalbnf() 2572

scalloc() 2575

scandir() 2577

scanf() 2579

sched getparam() 2588

sched get priority adjust() 2591

sched get priority max() 2593

sched get priority min() 2595

sched getscheduler() 2597

sched param 2599

sched rr get interval() 2605

sched setparam() 2607

sched setscheduler() 2610

sched yield() 2613

SchedGet(), SchedGet r() 2616

SchedInfo(), SchedInfo r() 2619

SchedSet(), SchedSet r() 2622

SchedYield(), SchedYield r() 2625

SCTP 2627

sctp bindx() 2629

xxxiv Contents February 1, 2005


sctp connectx() 2632

sctp freeladdrs() 2634

sctp freepaddrs() 2635

sctp getladdrs() 2636

sctp getpaddrs() 2638

sctp peeloff() 2640

sctp recvmsg() 2642

sctp sendmsg() 2645

searchenv() 2649

seed48() 2652

seekdir() 2654

select() 2656

select attach() 2662

select detach() 2666

select query() 2669

sem close() 2672

sem destroy() 2674

sem getvalue() 2676

sem init() 2678

sem open() 2681

sem post() 2686

sem timedwait() 2688

sem trywait() 2691

sem unlink() 2693

sem wait() 2695

send() 2697

sendmsg() 2700

sendto() 2703

servent 2706

setbuf() 2707

setbuffer() 2709

setdomainname() 2711

February 1, 2005 Contents xxxv


setegid() 2713

setenv() 2716

seteuid() 2719

setgid() 2722

setgrent() 2725

setgroups() 2727

sethostent() 2729

sethostname() 2731

SETIOV() 2733

setitimer() 2735

setjmp() 2738

setkey() 2741

setlinebuf() 2743

setlocale() 2745

setlogmask() 2748

setnetent() 2750

setpgid() 2752

setpgrp() 2755

setprio() 2756

setprotoent() 2758

setpwent() 2760

setregid() 2761

setreuid() 2764

setrlimit(), setrlimit64() 2766

setservent() 2772

setsid() 2774

setsockopt() 2776

setspent() 2779

setstate() 2780

settimeofday() 2782

setuid() 2784

setutent() 2787

xxxvi Contents February 1, 2005


setvbuf() 2789

sfree() 2792

shm ctl() 2794

shm ctl special() 2803

shm open() 2806

shm unlink() 2813

shutdown() 2815

sigaction() 2817

sigaddset() 2823

sigblock() 2825

sigdelset() 2827

sigemptyset() 2829

sigevent 2831

sigfillset() 2836

sigismember() 2838

siglongjmp() 2840

sigmask() 2842

signal() 2844

SignalAction(), SignalAction r() 2848

SignalKill(), SignalKill r() 2856

SignalProcmask(), SignalProcmask r() 2862

SignalSuspend(), SignalSuspend r() 2867

SignalWaitinfo(), SignalWaitinfo r() 2870

significand(), significandf() 2873

sigpause() 2876

sigpending() 2878

sigprocmask() 2880

sigqueue() 2883

sigsetjmp() 2886

sigsetmask() 2888

sigsuspend() 2890

sigtimedwait() 2892

February 1, 2005 Contents xxxvii


sigunblock() 2895

sigwait() 2897

sigwaitinfo() 2899

sin(), sinf() 2901

sinh(), sinhf() 2903

sleep() 2905

sleepon broadcast() 2907

sleepon destroy() 2909

sleepon init() 2911

sleepon lock() 2913

sleepon signal() 2915

sleepon unlock() 2917

sleepon wait() 2919

slogb() 2921

slogf() 2923

slogi() 2927

smalloc() 2929

snmp close() 2931

snmp free pdu() 2933

snmp open() 2935

snmp pdu 2937

snmp pdu create() 2941

snmp read() 2943

snmp select info() 2945

snmp send() 2948

snmp session 2951

snmp timeout() 2955

snprintf() 2957

sockatmark() 2960

socket() 2962

socketpair() 2966

SOCKSinit() 2969

xxxviii Contents February 1, 2005


sopen() 2971

sopenfd() 2976

spawn() 2979

spawnl() 2989

spawnle() 2994

spawnlp() 2999

spawnlpe() 3003

spawnp() 3008

spawnv() 3014

spawnve() 3019

spawnvp() 3023

spawnvpe() 3027

sprintf() 3032

sqrt(), sqrtf() 3034

srand() 3036

srand48() 3038

srandom() 3040

srealloc() 3042

sscanf() 3045

stat(), stat64() 3047

statvfs(), statvfs64() 3055

stderr 3059

stdin 3060

stdout 3061

straddstr() 3062

strcasecmp() 3064

strcat() 3067

strchr() 3069

strcmp() 3071

strcmpi() 3073

strcoll() 3075

strcpy() 3077

February 1, 2005 Contents xxxix


strcspn() 3079

strdup() 3081

strerror() 3083

strftime() 3085

stricmp() 3091

strlen() 3093

strlwr() 3095

strncasecmp() 3097

strncat() 3100

strncmp() 3102

strncpy() 3104

strnicmp() 3106

strnset() 3108

strpbrk() 3110

strrchr() 3112

strrev() 3114

strsep() 3116

strset() 3118

strsignal() 3120

strspn() 3122

strstr() 3124

strtod() 3126

strtoimax(), strtoumax() 3129

strtok() 3131

strtok r() 3134

strtol(), strtoll() 3136

strtoul(), strtoull() 3139

strupr() 3142

strxfrm() 3144

swab() 3147

swprintf() 3149

swscanf() 3151

xl Contents February 1, 2005


symlink() 3153

sync() 3156

SyncCondvarSignal(), SyncCondvarSignal r() 3158

SyncCondvarWait(), SyncCondvarWait r() 3161

SyncCtl(), SyncCtl r() 3166

SyncDestroy(), SyncDestroy r() 3169

SyncMutexEvent(), SyncMutexEvent r() 3172

SyncMutexLock(), SyncMutexLock r() 3174

SyncMutexRevive(), SyncMutexRevive r() 3177

SyncMutexUnlock(), SyncMutexUnlock r() 3179

SyncSemPost(), SyncSemPost r() 3182

SyncSemWait(), SyncSemWait r() 3184

SyncTypeCreate(), SyncTypeCreate r() 3187

sysconf() 3191

sysctl() 3194

syslog() 3202

sysmgr reboot() 3205

SYSPAGE CPU ENTRY() 3207

SYSPAGE ENTRY() 3209

syspage ptr 3212

system() 3213

C Library T to Z 3217tan(), tanf() 3220

tanh(), tanhf() 3222

tcdrain() 3224

tcdropline() 3226

tcflow() 3229

tcflush() 3232

tcgetattr() 3235

tcgetpgrp() 3237

tcgetsid() 3239

tcgetsize() 3241

February 1, 2005 Contents xli


tcinject() 3243

tcischars() 3246

TCP 3248

tcsendbreak() 3251

tcsetattr() 3253

tcsetpgrp() 3256

tcsetsid() 3259

tcsetsize() 3261

tell(), tell64() 3263

telldir() 3266

tempnam() 3268

termios 3270

thread pool control() 3274

thread pool create() 3277

thread pool destroy() 3284

thread pool limits() 3287

thread pool start() 3290

ThreadCancel(), ThreadCancel r() 3293

ThreadCreate(), ThreadCreate r() 3297

ThreadCtl(), ThreadCtl r() 3304

ThreadDestroy(), ThreadDestroy r() 3308

ThreadDetach(), ThreadDetach r() 3311

ThreadJoin(), ThreadJoin r() 3313

time() 3316

timer create() 3318

timer delete() 3322

timer getexpstatus() 3324

timer getoverrun() 3326

timer gettime() 3328

timer settime() 3330

timer timeout(), timer timeout r() 3333

TimerAlarm(), TimerAlarm r() 3340

xlii Contents February 1, 2005


TimerCreate(), TimerCreate r() 3343

TimerDestroy(), TimerDestroy r() 3347

TimerInfo(), TimerInfo r() 3349

TimerSettime(), TimerSettime r() 3353

TimerTimeout(), TimerTimeout r() 3357

times() 3365

timespec 3368

timespec2nsec() 3369

timezone 3371

tm 3372

tmpfile(), tmpfile64() 3374

tmpnam() 3377

tolower() 3380

toupper() 3382

towctrans() 3384

towlower() 3386

towupper() 3388

TraceEvent() 3390

truncate() 3393

ttyname() 3396

ttyname r() 3398

tzname 3400

tzset() 3401

ualarm() 3404

UDP 3407

ultoa(), ulltoa() 3409

umask() 3412

umount() 3415

UNALIGNED PUT16() 3417



UNALIGNED RET16() 3423

February 1, 2005 Contents xliii




uname() 3429

ungetc() 3432

ungetwc() 3434

UNIX 3436

unlink() 3439

unsetenv() 3442

usleep() 3444

utime() 3446

utimes() 3449

utmp 3452

utmpname() 3454

utoa() 3456

va arg() 3459

va copy() 3465

va end() 3467

va start() 3469

valloc() 3471

verr(), verrx() 3473

vfork() 3475

vfprintf() 3477

vfscanf() 3480

vfwprintf() 3483

vfwscanf() 3485

vprintf() 3487

vscanf() 3489

vslogf() 3492

vsnprintf() 3494

vsprintf() 3497

vsscanf() 3500

vswprintf() 3503

xliv Contents February 1, 2005


vswscanf() 3505

vsyslog() 3507

vwarn(), vwarnx() 3509

vwprintf() 3511

vwscanf() 3513

wait() 3515

wait3() 3518

wait4() 3521

waitid() 3525

waitpid() 3528

warn(), warnx() 3531

wcrtomb() 3533

wcscat() 3535

wcschr() 3537

wcscmp() 3539

wcscoll() 3541

wcscpy() 3543

wcscspn() 3545

wcsftime() 3547

wcslen() 3549

wcsncat() 3551

wcsncmp() 3553

wcsncpy() 3555

wcspbrk() 3557

wcsrchr() 3559

wcsrtombs() 3561

wcsspn() 3563

wcsstr() 3565

wcstod(), wcstof(), wcstold() 3567

wcstoimax(), wcstoumax() 3570

wcstok() 3572

wcstol(), wcstoll() 3574

February 1, 2005 Contents xlv


wcstombs() 3577

wcstoul(), wcstoull() 3580

wcscxfrm() 3583

wctob() 3585

wctomb() 3587

wctrans() 3590

wctype() 3592

wmemchr() 3594

wmemcmp() 3596

wmemcpy() 3598

wmemmove() 3600

wmemset() 3602

wordexp() 3604

wordfree() 3606

wprintf() 3607

write() 3609

writeblock() 3614

writev() 3617

wscanf() 3620

y0(), y0f() 3622

y1(), y1f() 3624

yn(), ynf() 3626

SOCKS A Basic Firewall 3629AAbout SOCKS 3631

How to SOCKSify a client 3631

What SOCKS expects 3632

Third-Party Copyright Notices 3635BBSD Stack 3637

BSD Stack and Various Utilities 3638

MINIX Operating System 3645

ncurses Library 3646

xlvi Contents February 1, 2005


Regular Expression Handling 3647

Remote Procedure Call (RPC) 3647

SNMPv2 3648

SOCKS 3649

Summary of Safety Information 3651CCancellation points 3653

Interrupt handlers 3658

Signal handlers 3661

Multithreaded programs 3674

Glossary 3677

Index 3701

February 1, 2005 Contents xlvii

List of Figures

A hierarchy of processes. 1704

A deadlock when sending messages improperly among processes.1705

MsgSendv(), client to process manager. 1717

MsgReplyv(), process manager to client. 1717

MsgSendv(), client to filesystem manager 1718

Components of a fully qualified pathname. 1849

Specifying a guardian for child processes. 2032

Conditions that satisfy an input request. 2363

Most of the spawn*() functions do a lot of work before a messageis sent to procnto. 2981

February 1, 2005 List of Figures xlix

About This Reference

February 1, 2005 About This Reference li

2005, QNX Software Systems Ltd. Typographical conventions

Typographical conventionsThroughout this manual, we use certain typographical conventions todistinguish technical terms. In general, the conventions we useconform to those found in IEEE POSIX publications. The followingtable summarizes our conventions:

Reference Example

Code examples if( stream == NULL )

Command options -lR

Commands make

Environment variables PATH

File and pathnames /dev/null

Function names exit()

Keyboard chords Ctrl Alt Delete

Keyboard input something you type

Keyboard keys Enter

Program output login:

Programming constants NULL

Programming data types unsigned short

Programming literals 0xFF, "message string"

Variable names stdin

User-interface components Cancel

We format single-step instructions like this:

To reload the current page, press Ctrl R.

We use an arrow () in directions for accessing menu items, like this:

February 1, 2005 About This Reference liii

Typographical conventions 2005, QNX Software Systems Ltd.

Youll find the Other... menu item underPerspectiveShow View.

We use notes, cautions, and warnings to highlight importantmessages:

Notes point out something important or useful.

CAUTION: Cautions tell you about commands or procedures thatmay have unwanted or undesirable side effects.!

WARNING: Warnings tell you about commands or proceduresthat could be dangerous to your files, your hardware, or evenyourself.

liv About This Reference February 1, 2005

2005, QNX Software Systems Ltd. What youll find in this guide

What youll find in this guideThe Library Reference describes the C functions, data types, andprotocols that are included as part of the QNX Neutrino RTOS.

The Library Reference also contains:

Summary listings of the library, including a description of whatyoull find in a function description

Summary of safety information:

- functions that are cancellation points

- functions that you can safely call from an interrupt handler

- functions that you can safely call from a signal handler

- functions that you cant safely call from a multithreadedprogram.

descriptions of manifests

SOCKS A Basic Firewall

Third-Party Copyright Notices

Glossary

Whats new in QNX Neutrino 6.3.0 ServicePack 1

New contentasyncmsg channel create()

Create an asynchronous message channel.

asyncmsg channel destroy()

Destroy an asynchronous message channel.

asyncmsg connect attach()

Establish a connection between a process and a channel.

February 1, 2005 About This Reference lv

Whats new in QNX Neutrino 6.3.0 Service Pack 1 2005, QNX Software Systems Ltd.

asyncmsg connect attr()

Return the original connection attributes.

asyncmsg connect detach()

Break a connection between a process and a channel.

asyncmsg flush()

Flush the messages sent through the connection.

asyncmsg free()

Free a message buffer.

asyncmsg get()

Receive an asynchronous message.

asyncmsg malloc()

Allocate a message buffer for sending.

asyncmsg put(), asyncmsg putv()

Send asynchronous messages to a connection.

shm ctl special()

Give special attributes to a shared memory object

Changed contentgetdomainname()

If the buffer isnt large enough, getdomainname()truncates the domain name.

getgrouplist() The Neutrino implementation of this functionignores the basegid argument.

mallopt() The MALLOC CKACCESS, MALLOC FILLAREA,and MALLOC CKCHAIN options were added tothis call.

lvi About This Reference February 1, 2005

2005, QNX Software Systems Ltd. Whats new in QNX Neutrino 6.3.0 Service Pack 1

MsgReply(), MsgReply r(), MsgReplyv(), MsgReplyv r()The MsgSend* r() functions use negative errnovalues to indicate failure, so you shouldnt pass anegative value for the status to MsgReply*(),because the MsgSend* r() functions could interpretit as an error code.

name attach() The example now handles an IO CONNECTmessage.

nanospin(), nanospin ns(), and nanospin ns to count()The first time that you call these functions, the Clibrary invokes nanospin calibrate() with anargument of 0 (interrupts enabled), unless you callit directly first.

pci attach device()

Added PCI MASTER ENABLE to the flags.

procmgr daemon()

The data in the siginfo t structure for theSIGCHLD signal that the parent receives isntuseful in this case.

rsrcdbmgr create()

Added RSRCDBMGR FLAG NOREMOVE to theflags.

setenv() This function doesnt free any memory. If youwant to change the value of an existingenvironment variable, you should use putenv()instead.

sigevent If you dont want to modify the priority of thethread that receives the pulse, specifySIGEV PULSE PRIO INHERIT for the prioritywhen you call SIGEV PULSE INIT().

February 1, 2005 About This Reference lvii

Whats new in QNX Neutrino 6.3.0 Service Pack 1 2005, QNX Software Systems Ltd.

spawn(), spawnp()

Added descriptions of the rest of the flags forthe inheritance structure.

If you set SPAWN EXEC in the flags member ofthe inheritence structure, these functionsdont return, unless an error occurred.

Erratagetsubopt() Corrected the example.

mq notify() Dont use SIGEV INTR as an event type.

pause() This function suspends the calling thread, not theprocess, until delivery of a signal.

pthread setschedparam()

The timeslice for round-robin scheduling(SCHED RR) is 4 the clock period.

You can specify sporadic scheduling at any time,not just when you create a thread.

regexec() Corrected the description of the regmatch tstructure.

sched get priority max(), sched get priority min(),sched setscheduler(), SchedInfo(), SchedSet()

The timeslice for round-robin scheduling(SCHED RR) is 4 the clock period.

sched setscheduler(), SchedSet()

You can specify sporadic scheduling at any time, notjust when you create a thread.

spawn(), spawnl(), spawnle(), spawnlp(), spawnlpe(), spawnp(),spawnv(), spawnve(), spawnvp(), spawnvpe()

The child process cant access the parent processsenvironment, only its own.

lviii About This Reference February 1, 2005

2005, QNX Software Systems Ltd. Whats new in QNX Neutrino 6.3.0

Whats new in QNX Neutrino 6.3.0New content

fopen64() Large-file support for fopen().

freopen64() Large-file support for freopen().

ftw64() Large-file support for ftw().

getnameinfo() Perform address-to-nodename translation.

inet6 option *() Manipulate IPv6 hop-by-hop and destinationoptions.

inet6 rthdr *() manipulate IPv6 Router header options.

ipsec dump policy()

Generate a readable string from an IPsec policyspecification.

ipsec get policylen()

Get the length of the IPsec policy.

ipsec set policy()

Generate an IPsec policy specification structurefrom a readable string.

nftw(), nftw64() Walk a file tree and its large-file support.

poll() Input/output multiplexing.

resmgr handle tune()

Tune aspects of client fd-to-OCB mapping

sctp bindx() Add or remove one or more addresses from a givenassociation.

sctp connectx() Help associate an endpoint that is multi-homed.

sctp freeladdrs()

Free all resources allocated by sctp getladdrs().

February 1, 2005 About This Reference lix

Whats new in QNX Neutrino 6.2.1 2005, QNX Software Systems Ltd.

sctp freepaddrs()

Free all resources allocated by sctp getpaddrs().

sctp getladdrs() Return all locally bound addresses on a socket.

sctp getpaddrs() Return all peer addresses in an association.

sctp peeloff() Branch off an association into a seperate socket.

SCTP Stream Control Transmission Protocol.

sctp recvmsg() Receive message using advanced SCTP features.

sctp sendmag() Send message using advanced SCTP features.

tmpfile64() Large-file support for tmpfile().

Whats new in QNX Neutrino 6.2.1New content

dispatch unblock()

Unblock all of the threads that are blocked on adispatch handle

errno Each thread in a multi-threaded program has its ownerror value in its thread local storage. No matter whichthread youre in, you can simply refer to errno itsdefined in such a way that it refers to the correctvariable for the thread. For more information, seeLocal storage for private data in the documentationfor ThreadCreate().

pthread attr setschedpolicy().

Sporadic scheduling (SCHED SPORADIC) is a newfeature of QNX Neutrino 6.2.0.

sched param

Structure of scheduling parameters

va copy() Make a copy of a variable argument list

lx About This Reference February 1, 2005

2005, QNX Software Systems Ltd. Whats new in QNX Neutrino 6.2.1

Changed contentbind(), bindresvport()

These functions arent cancellation points any more, becausethis conflicted with POSIX.

htonl(), htons(), inet ntop(), inet pton(), isfdtype(), ntohl(), ntohs()These functions have been moved from libsocket to libc.

Errataalphasort() This function compares two directory entries; it

doesnt sort an array of entries.

execlpe(), execvpe()

You can now execute a shell script.

fgetc(), fgetchar(), fgets(), fgetwc(), fgetws(), getc(), getc unlocked(),getchar(), getchar unlocked(), gets(), getw(), getwc(), getwchar()

Use feof() or ferror() to distinguish an end-of-filecondition from an error.

fstat(), fstat64() These functions return -1 if an error occurs.

iofunc mmap(), iofunc mmap default()

These functions return a nonpositive value onsuccess.

InterruptAttach(), InterruptAttachEvent()

You should always setNTO INTR FLAGS TRK MSK.

mq getattr(), mq setattr()

The mq flags member of the mq attr structureapplies to the message-queue description (i.e.locally), not to the queue as a whole.

mq open() Corrected the interpretation of the name argument.

February 1, 2005 About This Reference lxi

Whats new in QNX Neutrino 6.2.1 2005, QNX Software Systems Ltd.

MsgError(), MsgError r()

If the error argument is EOK, the MsgSend*() callreturns EOK; if error is any other value, theMsgSend*() call returns -1.

MsgSendPulse(), MsgSendPulse r()

You can now send pulses across the network.

You can send a pulse to any process not just to aprocess in the same process group if yourprocess has the appropriate permission.

name open() This function returns a nonnegative integerrepresenting a side-channel connection ID, or -1 ifan error occurred.

printf() The exponent produced for the e and E formats isat least two digits long.

Clarified what happens if the format string includesinvalid multibyte characters.

pthread mutex timedlock(), pthread rwlock timedrdlock(),pthread rwlock timedwrlock()

The timeout is based on the CLOCK REALTIMEclock.

resmgr ocb() Corrected the name.

select() This function and the associated macros are nowdefined in , instead of (which includes).

sem open() Corrected the interpretation of the sem nameargument.

sem timedwait() The timeout is based on the CLOCK REALTIMEclock.

send() The list of errors now includes EPIPE.

lxii About This Reference February 1, 2005

2005, QNX Software Systems Ltd. Whats new in QNX Neutrino 6.2

shm open() Corrected the interpretation of the name argument.

sigaction() Corrected the example (it isnt safe to call printf()in a signal handler).

spawn(), spawnl(), spawnle(), spawnlp(), spawnlpe(), spawnp(),spawnv(), spawnve(), spawnvp(), spawnvpe()

You can now execute a shell script.

The child processs tms utime, tms stime,tms cutime, and tms cstime are now calculated.

timer create() Dont use SIGEV INTR or SIGEV UNBLOCK forthe event type.

vsnprintf() Corrected the returned values.

Whats new in QNX Neutrino 6.2Significant changes:

New content

Deprecated content

Errata

New Contentaddrinfo TCP/IP address information

dircntl() Control an open directory

freeaddrinfo() Free an address information structure

freeifaddrs() Free an address information structure

gai strerror() Return the getaddrinfo() error code

getaddrinfo() Get address information

getdomainname()

Get the domain name of the current host

February 1, 2005 About This Reference lxiii

Whats new in QNX Neutrino 6.2 2005, QNX Software Systems Ltd.

gethostbyname2()

Get a network host entry, given a name

getifaddrs() Get a network interface address

hwi find item() Find an item in the hwi item structure

hwi find tag() Find a tag in the hwi item structure

hwi off2tag() Return a pointer to the start of a tag in the hwinfoarea of the system page

hwi tag2off() Return the offset from the start of the hwinfo areaof the system page

ICMP6 Internet Control Message Protocol for IPv6

if freenameindex()

Free dynamic memory allocated by if nameindex()

if indextoname() Map an interface index to its name

if nameindex() Return a list of interfaces

if nametoindex() Map an interface name to its index

ifaddrs() Structure that describes an Internet host

INET6 Internet Protocol version 6 family

inet net ntop() Convert an Internet network number to CIDRformat

inet net pton() Convert an Internet network number from CIDRformat to network format

IPv6 Internet Protocol version 6

IPsec Internet security protocol

mallinfo() Get memory allocation information

mallopt() Control the memory allocation

lxiv About This Reference February 1, 2005

2005, QNX Software Systems Ltd. Whats new in QNX Neutrino 6.2

mcheck() Enable memory allocation routine consistencychecks

memalign() Allocate aligned memory

mprobe() Perform consistency check on memory

posix memalign()

Allocate aligned memory

procmgr session()

Provide process manager session support

resmgr handle grow()

Expand the capacity of the device managerdatabase

resmgr io func()

Retrieve an I/O function from an I/O function table

resmgr iofuncs() Extract the I/O function pointers associated with cconnection

resmgr ocb() Retrieve an Open Control Block

sched get priority adjust()

Calculate the allowable priority for the schedulingpolicy

seekdir() Set the position for the next read of the directorystream

sleepon broadcast()

Wake up multiple threads

sleepon destroy()

Destroy a sleepon

sleepon init() Initialize a sleepon

sleepon lock() Lock a sleepon

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Whats new in the QNX Neutrino 6.1.0 docs 2005, QNX Software Systems Ltd.

sleepon signal()

Wake up a single thread

sleepon unlock()

Unlock a sleepon

sleepon wait() Wait on a sleepon

tcsetsid() Make a terminal device a controlling device

strtoimax(), strtoumax()

Convert a string to an integer type

telldir() Get the location associated with the directorystream

valloc() Allocate a heap block aligned on a page boundary

wcstoimax(), wcstoumax()

Convert a wide-character string to an integer type

Deprecated Content getpriority() use getprio() or SchedGet() instead.

setpriority() use setprio() or SchedSet() instead.

Erratasnprintf() Corrected the Returns section and Classifications

Whats new in the QNX Neutrino 6.1.0 docsSignificant changes:

New content

Deprecated content

lxvi About This Reference February 1, 2005

2005, QNX Software Systems Ltd. Whats new in the QNX Neutrino 6.1.0 docs

New contentThe following functions have been added:

Wide-character functions

Wide-character versions of many functions

InterruptHookTrace()

Attach the pseudo interrupt handler thats used bythe instrumented module

iofdinfo() Retrieve server attributes

iofunc fdinfo() Handle an IO FDINFO message

iofunc fdinfo default()

Default handler for IO FDINFO messages

MsgVerifyEvent(), MsgVerifyEvent r()

Check the validity of a receive ID and an eventconfiguration

resmgr unbind()

Remove an OCB

straddstr() Concatenate one string on to the end of another

SyncCtl(), SyncCtl r()

Perform an operation on a synchronization object

SyncMutexEvent(), SyncMutexEvent r()

Attach an event to a mutex

SyncMutexRevive(), SyncMutexRevive r()

Revive a mutex

thread pool control()

Control the thread pool behavior

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thread pool limits()

Wrapper function for thread pool control()

TraceEvent() Trace kernel events

Deprecated contentmatherr() Handle errors in math library functions

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Summary of Functions

February 1, 2005 Summary of Functions 1

2005, QNX Software Systems Ltd. Summary of function categories

Summary of function categoriesWeve organized the functions in the C library into the followingcategories:

Asynchronous I/O functions

Asynchronous read, write, and other I/Ooperations.

Atomic functions

Thread-safe integer manipulation functions.

Character manipulation functions

Single-character functions for upper/lowercaseconversions.

Conversion functions

Convert values from one representation to another(e.g. numeric values to strings).

Directory functions

Directory services (change, open, close, etc.).

Dispatch interface functions

Handle different event types, including messages,pulse codes, and signals.

File manipulation functions

File operations (change permissions, delete,rename, etc.)

IPC functions Traditional InterProcess Communicationfunctions.

Hardware functions

These functions work with PCI and other devices.

Math functions Perform computations such as the commontrigonometric calculations. These functionsoperate with floating-point values.


Summary of function categories 2005, QNX Software Systems Ltd.

Memory allocation functions

Allocate and deallocate memory.

Memory manipulation functions

Manipulate blocks of memory.

Message queue functions

Nonblocking message-passing facilities.

Multibyte character functions

ANSI C functions for processing multibyte andwide characters.

QNX Neutrino-specific IPC functions

Native message-passing and related functions.

Operating system I/O functions

POSIX functions for performing I/O at a lowerlevel than the C Language stream I/O functions(e.g. fopen(), fread(), fwrite(), and fclose() ).

PC Card functions

Native PC Card functions.

Platform-specific functions

Invoke Intel 80x86 and other processor-relatedfunctions directly from a program.

Process environment functions

For process identification, user identification,process groups, system identification, system timeand process time, environment variables, terminalidentification, and configurable system variables.

Process manipulation functions

For process creation, execution, and termination;signal handling; and timer operations.

4 Summary of Functions February 1, 2005


Realtime timer functions

Rich set of inexpensive timer functions that arequick to create and manipulate.

Resource manager functions

These functions help you create resourcemanagers.

Searching and sorting functions

Perform various search and sort operations (do abinary search on a sorted array, find one stringinside another, etc.).

Shared-memory functions

Create and manipulate shared-memory regions.

Signal functions Rich set of functions for handling and sendingsignals.

Stream I/O functions

The standard functions to read and write files.Data can be transmitted under format control or ascharacters, strings, or blocks of memory.

String manipulation functions

Manipulate a character string, i.e. an array of zeroor more adjacent characters followed by a NULcharacter (0) that marks the end of the string.

System database functions

Allow an application to access group and userdatabase information.

System message log functions

This set of functions controls the system log.

TCP/IP functions

Handle TCP/IP network communications and theTCP/IP database files.



Terminal control functions

Set and control terminal attributes (baud rate, flowcontrol, etc.).

Thread functions

Operate on threads and the objects used tosynchronize threads.

Time functions Obtain and manipulate times and dates.

Variable-length argument list functions

Process a variable number of arguments to afunction.

Wide-character functions

Wide-character versions of functions from otherfunction summary categories.

The following subsections describe these function categories in moredetail. Each function is noted with a brief description of its purpose.

Asynchronous I/O functionsThese functions perform asynchronous read, write, and other I/Ooperations.

Asynchronous I/O operations arent currently supported.

The following functions are defined:

aio cancel() Cancel an asynchronous I/O operation

aio error() Get the error status for an asynchronous I/Ooperation

aio fsync() Asynchronously synchronize a file

aio read() Asynchronously read from a file



aio return() Get the return status for an asynchronous I/Ooperation

aio suspend() Wait for asynchronous I/O operations to complete

aio write() Asynchronously write to a file

Atomic functionsThese functions manipulate an integer in a thread-safe way. On amultiprocessor system, even a simple:

/*Assuming x is an unsigned variable shared between twoor more threads or a thread and an interrupt handler.

*/

x = 0xdeadbeef;

may cause x to be in an undefined state if multiple threads runningsimultaneously on multiple processors execute this code at the sametime.

Use the atomic*() functions to ensure that your integer operations arecarried out properly:

atomic toggle( &x, 0xdeadbeef );

atomic add() Safely add to a variable

atomic add value()

Safely add to a variable, returning the previousvalue

atomic clr() Safely clear a variable

atomic clr value()

Safely clear a variable, returning the previous value

atomic set() Safely set bits in a variable



atomic set value()

Safely set bits in a variable, returning the previousvalue

atomic sub() Safely subtract from a variable

atomic sub value()

Safely subtract from a variable, returning theprevious value

atomic toggle() Safely toggle a variable

atomic toggle value()

Safely toggle a variable, returning the previousvalue

Character manipulation functionsThese functions operate on single characters of type char. Thefunctions test characters in various ways and convert them betweenupper and lowercase. (Some of these functions have wide-characterversions in the Wide-character functions section of the functionsummary.)

isalnum() Test a character to see if its alphanumeric

isalpha() Test to see if a character is a letter

isascii() Test for a character in the range 0 to 127

iscntrl() Test a character to see if its a control character

isdigit() Test for any decimal digit

isgraph() Test for any printable character except space

islower() Test for any lowercase letter

isprint() Test for any printable character, including space



ispunct() Test for any punctuation character

isspace() Test for a whitespace character

isupper() Test for any uppercase letter

isxdigit() Test for any hexadecimal digit

tolower() Convert a character to lowercase

toupper() Convert a character to uppercase

Conversion functionsThese functions perform conversions between objects of various typesand strings:

atof() Convert a string into a double

atoh() Convert a string containing a hexadecimal numberinto an unsigned number

atoi() Convert a string into an integer

atol(), atoll() Convert a string into a long integer

ENDIAN BE16()

Return a big-endian 16-bit value in native format

ENDIAN BE32()


ENDIAN BE64()


ENDIAN LE16()

Return a little-endian 16-bit value in native format

ENDIAN LE32()




ENDIAN LE64()


ENDIAN RET16()

Return an endian-swapped 16-bit value

ENDIAN RET32()


ENDIAN RET64()


ENDIAN SWAP16()

Endian-swap a 16-bit value in place

ENDIAN SWAP32()


ENDIAN SWAP64()


htonl() Convert a 32-bit value from host-byte order tonetwork-byte order

htons() Convert a 16-bit value from host-byte order tonetwork-byte order

itoa() Convert an integer into a string, using a given base

ltoa(), lltoa() Convert a long integer value into a string, using agiven base

nsec2timespec()

Convert nanoseconds to a timespec structure

ntohl() Convert network-byte order value

ntohs() Convert network-byte order value

strtod() Convert a string into a double



strtoimax(), strtoumax()

Convert a string into an integer

strtol(), strtoll()

Convert a string into a long integer

strtoul(), strtoull()

Convert a string into an unsigned long integer

timespec Time-specification structure

timespec2nsec()

Convert a timespec structure to nanoseconds

ultoa(), ulltoa() Convert an unsigned long integer into a string,using a given base

UNALIGNED PUT16()

Write a misaligned 16-bit value safely

UNALIGNED PUT32()


UNALIGNED PUT64()


UNALIGNED RET16()

Access a misaligned 16-bit value safely

UNALIGNED RET32()


UNALIGNED RET64()


utoa() Convert an unsigned integer into a string, using agiven base

wordexp() Perform word expansions



wordfree() Free a word expansion buffer

See also the following functions, which convert the cases ofcharacters and strings:

strlwr()

strupr()

tolower()

toupper()

Directory functionsThese functions pertain to directory manipulation:

alphasort() Compare two directory entries

chdir() Change the current working directory

chroot() Change the root directory

closedir() Close a directory

dircntl() Control an open directory

dirname() Report the parent directory name of a file pathname

getcwd() Get the name of the current working directory

getwd() Get current working directory pathname

glob() Find paths matching a pattern

globfree() Free storage allocated by a call to glob()

mkdir() Create a subdirectory

mount() Mount a filesystem

mount parse generic args()

Strip off common mount arguments



opendir() Open a directory file

pathfind(), pathfind r()

Search for a file in a list of directories

readdir() Get information about the next matching filename

readdir r() Get information about the next matching filename

realpath() Resolve a pathname

rewinddir() Reset the position of a directory stream to the start ofthe directory

rmdir() Delete an empty directory

scandir() Scan a directory

seekdir() Set the position for the next read of the directorystream

telldir() Get the location associated with the directory stream

umount() Unmount a filesystem

Dispatch interface functionsThese functions make up the dispatch interface where you can handledifferent event types including messages, pulse codes, and signals.The functions cover dispatch contexts, attaching events, attachingpathnames and file descriptors to dispatch contexts, thread pools, etc.For an overview of these functions, see Components of a resourcemanager in the Writing a Resource Manager chapter of the QNXNeutrino Programmers Guide.

dispatch block() Block while waiting for an event

dispatch context alloc()

Return a dispatch context



dispatch context free()

Free a dispatch context

dispatch create()

Allocate a dispatch handle

dispatch destroy()

Destroy a dispatch handle

dispatch handler()

Handle events received by dispatch block()

dispatch timeout()

Set a timeout

dispatch unblock()

Unblock all of the threads that are blocked on adispatch handle

message attach()

Attach a message range

message connect()

Create a connection to a channel

message detach()

Detach a message range

name attach() Register a name in the namespace and create achannel

name detach() Remove a name from the namespace and destroythe channel

pulse Structure that describes a pulse

pulse attach() Attach a handler function to a pulse code

pulse detach() Detach a handler function from a pulse code



resmgr attach() Attach a path to a pathname space

resmgr block() Block while waiting for a message

resmgr connect funcs t

Table of POSIX-level connect functions

resmgr context alloc()

Allocate a resource-manager context

resmgr context free()

Free a resource-manager context

resmgr context t

Context information thats passed betweenresource-manager functions

resmgr detach() Remove a pathname from the pathname space

resmgr devino() Get the device and inode number

resmgr handle grow()

Expand the capacity of the device managerdatabase

resmgr handle tune()

Tune aspects of client fd-to-OCB mapping

resmgr handler()

Handle resource manager messages

resmgr io func()

Retrieve an I/O function from an I/O function table

resmgr io funcs t

Table of POSIX-level I/O functions

resmgr iofuncs() Extract the I/O function pointers associated withclient connections



resmgr msgread()

Read a message from a client

resmgr msgreadv()

Read a message from a client

resmgr msgwrite()

Write a message to a client

resmgr msgwritev()

Write a message to a client

RESMGR NPARTS()

Get a given number of parts from the ctp->iovstructure

resmgr ocb() Retrieve an Open Control Block

resmgr open bind()

Associate an OCB with an open request

resmgr pathname()

Return the pathname associated with an ID

RESMGR PTR()

Get one part from the ctp->iov structure and fill inits fields

RESMGR STATUS()

Set the status member of a resource-managercontext

resmgr unbind() Remove an OCB

select attach() Attach a file descriptor to a dispatch handle

select detach() Detach a file descriptor from a dispatch handle

select query() Decode the last select event



thread pool create()

Create a thread pool handle

thread pool control()

Control the thread pool behavior

thread pool destroy()

Free the memory allocated to a thread pool

thread pool limits()

Wrapper function for thread pool control()

thread pool start()

Start a thread pool

File manipulation functionsThese functions operate directly with files. The following functionsare defined:

access() Check to see if a file or directory can be accessed

chmod() Change the permissions for a file

chown() Change the user ID and group ID of a file

eaccess() Check to see if a file or directory can be accessed(extended version)

glob() Find paths matching a pattern

globfree() Free storage allocated by a call to glob()

fchmod() Change the permissions for a file

fchown() Change the user ID and group ID of a file

fpathconf() Return the value of a configurable limit associatedwith a file or directory



ftruncate(), ftruncate64()

Truncate a file

futime() Record the modification time for a file

lchown() Change the user ID and group ID of a file orsymbolic link

lstat(), lstat64()

Get information about a file or directory

ltrunc() Truncate a file at a given position

mkfifo() Create a FIFO special file

mkstemp() Make a unique temporary filename, and open the file

mktemp() Make a unique temporary filename

nftw(), nftw64()

Walk a file tree

pathconf() Return the value of a configurable limit

pclose() Close a pipe

pwrite(), pwrite64()

Write into a file without changing the file pointer

remove() Remove a link to a file

rename() Rename a file

stat(), stat64()

Get information about a file or directory, given a path

statvfs(), statvfs64()

Get filesystem information, given a path

sync() Synchronize filesystem updates



tempnam() Create a name for a temporary file

truncate() Truncate a file to a specified length

tmpnam() Generate a unique string for use as a filename

unlink() Remove a link to a file

utime() Record the modification time for a file or directory

utimes() Set a files access and modification times

IPC functionsThese functions deal with InterProcess Communications.

flock() Apply or remove an advisory lock on an open file

lockf() Record locking on files

mlock() Lock a buffer in physical memory

mlockall() Lock a processs address space

mmap(), mmap64()

Map a memory region into a process address space

mprotect() Change memory protection

msync() Synchronize memory with physical storage

munlock() Unlock a buffer

munlockall() Unlock a processs address space

munmap() Unmap previously mapped addresses

pthread barrier destroy()

Destroy a barrier object

pthread barrier init()

Initialize a barrier object



pthread barrier wait()

Synchronize at a barrier

pthread barrierattr destroy()

Destroy a barrier attributes object

pthread barrierattr getpshared()

Get the process-shared attribute of a barrierattributes object

pthread barrierattr init()

Initialize a barrier attributes object

pthread barrierattr setpshared()

Set the process-shared attribute of a barrierattributes object

pthread cond broadcast()

Unblock threads waiting on a condition

pthread cond destroy()

Destroy a condition variable

pthread cond init()

Initialize a condition variable

pthread cond signal()

Unblock the thread waiting on a condition variable

pthread cond timedwait()

Wait on a condition variable, with a time limit

pthread cond wait()

Wait on a condition variable

pthread condattr destroy()

Destroy a condition variable attribute object



pthread condattr getclock()

Get the clock attribute from a condition-variableattribute object

pthread condattr getpshared()

Get the process-shared attribute from a conditionvariable attribute object

pthread condattr init()

Initialize a condition variable attribute object

pthread condattr setclock()

Set the clock attribute in a condition-variableattribute object

pthread condattr setpshared()

Set the process-shared attribute in acondition-variable attribute object

pthread mutex destroy()

Destroy a mutex

pthread mutex getprioceiling()

Get a mutexs priority ceiling

pthread mutex init()

Initialize a mutex

pthread mutex lock()

Lock a mutex

pthread mutex setprioceiling()

Set a mutexs priority ceiling

pthread mutex timedlock()

Lock a mutex

pthread mutex trylock()

Attempt to lock a mutex



pthread mutex unlock()

Unlock a mutex

pthread mutexattr destroy()

Destroy a mutex attribute object

pthread mutexattr getprioceiling()

Get the priority ceiling of a mutex attribute object

pthread mutexattr getprotocol()

Get a mutexs scheduling protocol

pthread mutexattr getpshared()

Get the process-shared attribute from a mutexattribute object

pthread mutexattr getrecursive()

Get the recursive attribute from a mutex attributeobject

pthread mutexattr gettype()

Get a mutex type

pthread mutexattr init()

Initialize the mutex attribute object

pthread mutexattr setprioceiling()

Set the priority ceiling of a mutex attribute object

pthread mutexattr setprotocol()

Set a mutexs scheduling protocol

pthread mutexattr setpshared()

Set the process-shared attribute in mutex attributeobject

pthread mutexattr setrecursive()

Set the recursive attribute in mutex attribute object



pthread mutexattr settype()

Set a mutex type

pthread once() Dynamic package initialization

pthread rwlock destroy()

Destroy a read/write lock

pthread rwlock init()

Initialize a read/write lock

pthread rwlock rdlock()

Acquire a shared read lock on a read/write lock

pthread rwlock timedrdlock()

Lock a read-write lock for writing

pthread rwlock timedwrlock()

Attempt to acquire an exclusive write lock on aread/write lock

pthread rwlock tryrdlock()

Attempt to acquire a shared read lock on aread/write lock

pthread rwlock trywrlock()

Attempt to acquire an exclusive write lock on aread/write lock

pthread rwlock unlock()

Unlock a read/write lock

pthread rwlock wrlock()

Acquire an exclusive write lock on a read/writelock

pthread rwlockattr destroy()

Destroy a read-write lock attribute object



pthread rwlockattr getpshared()

Get the process-shared attribute of a read-writelock attribute object

pthread rwlockattr init()

Create a read-write lock attribute object

pthread rwlockattr setpshared()

Set the process-shared attribute of a read-writelock attribute object

pthread spin destroy()

Destroy a thread spinlock

pthread spin init()

Initialize a thread spinlock

pthread spin lock()

Lock a thread spinlock

pthread spin trylock()

Try locking a thread spinlock

pthread spin unlock()

Unlock a thread spinlock

readcond() Read data from a terminal device

sem close() Close a named semaphore

sem destroy() Destroy a semaphore

sem getvalue() Get the value of a semaphore (named or unnamed)

sem init() Initialize a semaphore

sem open() Create or access a named semaphore

sem post() Increment a semaphore

sem timedwait() Wait on a semaphore, with a timeout



sem trywait() Wait on a semaphore, but dont block

sem unlink() Destroy a named semaphore

sem wait() Wait on a semaphore

sync() Synchronize filesystem updates

Hardware functionsThese functions work with PCI and other devices for operations suchas determining whether or not a PCI BIOS is present, attaching adriver to a PCI device, and so on.

The following functions are defined:

pci attach() Connect to the PCI server

pci attach device()

Attach a driver to a PCI device

pci detach() Disconnect from the PCI server

pci detach device()

Detach a driver from a PCI device

pci find class() Find devices that have a specific Class Code

pci find device() Find the PCI device with a given device ID andvendor ID

pci irq routing options()

Retrieve PCI IRQ routing information

pci map irq() Map an interrupt pin to an IRQ

pci present() Determine whether or not PCI BIOS is present

pci read config()

Read from the configuration space of a PCI device



pci read config8()

Read a byte from the configuration space of adevice

pci read config16()

Read 16-bit values from the configuration space ofa device

pci read config32()

Read 32-bit values from the configuration space ofa device

pci rescan bus() Rescan the PCI bus for added or removed devices

pci write config()

Write to the configuration space of a PCI device

pci write config8()

Write bytes to the configuration space of a PCIdevice

pci write config16()

Write 16-bit values to the configuration space of adevice

pci write config32()

Write 32-bit values to the configuration space of adevice

hwi find item() Find an item in the hwi item structure

hwi find tag() Find a tag in the hwi item structure

hwi off2tag() Return a pointer to the start of a tag in the hwinfoarea of the system page

hwi tag2off() Return the offset from the start of the hwinfo areaof the system page



Math functionsThe math functions are arranged in the following categories:

Absolute values

Bessel functions

Divisions, remainders, and modular arithmetic

Floating-point settings

Gamma functions

Logarithms and exponentials

Miscellaneous

Pseudo-random numbers

Roots and powers

Rounding

Trigonometric and hyperbolic functions

Absolute values

abs() Return the absolute value of an integer

cabs(), cabsf() Compute the absolute value of a complex number

fabs(), fabsf() Compute the absolute value of a double number

labs() Calculate the absolute value of a long integer

Bessel functions

j0(), j0f() Compute a Bessel function of the first kind

j1(), j1f() Compute a Bessel function of the first kind

jn(), jnf() Compute a Bessel function of the first kind

y0(), y0f() Compute a Bessel function of the second kind



y1(), y1f() Compute a Bessel function of the second kind

yn(), ynf() Compute a Bessel function of the second kind

Division, remainders, and modular arithmetic

div() Calculate the quotient and remainder of a divisionoperation

drem(), dremf()

Compute the remainder of two numbers

fmod(), fmodf()

Compute a residue, using floating-point modular arithmetic

ldiv() Perform division on long integers

modf(), modff()

Break a number into integral and fractional parts

remainder(), remainderf()

Compute the floating point remainder

Floating-point settings

These functions set or get attributes of floating-point operations:

fp exception mask()

Get or set the current exception mask

fp exception value()

Get the value of the current exception registers

fp precision() Set or get the current precision

fp rounding() Set or get the current rounding


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