C. fluminea - Field C. fluminea - Lab · 2018-09-09 · The goal of this project is to establish...
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The goal of this project is to establish the Sediment Ecotoxicity Assessment Ring (SEA Ring) technology as a standard and more applicable method of obtaining in situ data, as an alternative to traditional laboratory based approaches. The project assesses the technology’s ability to produce accurate data, allowing for the widespread implementation of this apparatus by personnel within the regulatory community, as well as project and water compliance managers to make scientifically valid, fiscally responsible, and environmentally conscious decisions. The SEA-Ring technology was tested on river sediments along a section of the Potomac River at the Quantico Marine Corps Base in Quantico, VA. The site was selected because it is contaminated with dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) from the runoff and seepage of pesticides from an old landfill and a pesticide storage building. Four SEA Rings were deployed into sediments for the in situ exposure of two freshwater benthic macroinvertibrates, the aquatic black worm, Lumbriculus variegatus and the Asian clam, Corbicula fluminea. Additionally, a laboratory experiment was set up using the same organisms and sediment cores from four field sites, to replicate a traditional laboratory exposure scenario. Both experiments were two weeks in duration, and organism tissue samples were collected at the end to analyze for DDT bioaccumulation. Ultimately, the project aims to test the efficiency of, optimize and establish the SEA Ring prototype fiscally, environmentally and scientifically viable in situ method of analyzing contaminated sediment sites. ABSTRACT SITE: • Field component was completed at the Quantico Marine Corps Base in VA, which offered a unique opportunity to showcase the SEA-Ring at a DoD facility. • From 1920 to 1971, waste from the Old Landfill, including municipal refuse, construction debris, paint, paint thinners and possibly pesticides from the Former Pesticide Control Building, has drained into the river and the site (Fig. 1) is now contaminated with DDx. • Proposed Thin Layer Capping (TLC) (Fig. 1) over the contaminated area will ease the reestablishment of benthic organisms and accelerate natural sedimentation. • Subsurface sediment and biotic communities were sampled initially to measure potential risks to piscivorous birds, omnivorous mammals and fish. BACKGROUND INFO Figure 2. Schematic of SEA Ring (U.S. Patent Number 7,758,813) Olivia Rath 1 , David Costello 1 , Anna Harrison 1 , Gunther Rosen 2 , G. Allen Burton 1 1 School of Natural Resources and Environment, University of Michigan 2 Systems Center Pacific, Space and Naval Warfare Systems Command DDx concentrations in L. variegatus tissue were significantly (p<0.05) higher in contaminated sediment compared to controls for both field and lab experiments. Higher concentrations of DDx were bioaccumulated by L. variegatus in the lab experiment. SEA-Ring: • A circular carousel which houses ten exposure chambers (Fig. 2, 3) • Assesses exposure, uptake, and response of aquatic organisms to sediment or overlying water in situ. • Advantageous to traditional laboratory tests because it removes the uncertainties associated with sampling and laboratory testing artifacts. • The current research strives to increase the robustness of the SEA Ring and establish standards of quality and efficiency. DDx concentrations in C. fluminea field experiments were significantly (p<0.05) higher in contaminated sites than in the control, while no significant differences were observed between contaminated and control sediments in lab experiments. The field experiments yielded higher DDx than that lab. Demonstration and Commercialization of the Sediment Ecosystem Assessment Protocol Figure 3. Photograph (left), and schematic (right) of the prototype SEA-Ring system. OBJECTIVES • Create universal test and quality control procedures. • Produce sufficient relevant and quality data to scientifically validate the SEA-Ring technology. • Promote regulatory acceptance through intense demonstrations at select DoD sites positioned in geographically diverse areas, specifically the Quantico Embayment. • Develop cost and performance data to support the commercialization of the apparatus and establish an avenue for full-scale implementation. • Establish the SEA-Ring apparatus as a clear alternative to sampling and laboratory based toxicity tests. METHODS FIELD COMPONENT 1. Station locations were identified and marked. 2. SEA-Rings were deployed: Divers inserted SEA-Ring into sediment, released Lumbriculus variegatus and Corbicula fluminea into respective chambers. 3. SEA-Rings were recovered after 14 days. 4. The organisms were weighed, composited as necessary, and frozen for DDx analysis. LAB COMPONENT 1. Core samples were collected from Quantico field stations and set-up in laboratory. 2. L. variegatus and C. Fluminea were added to cores with continuously aerated lab water. 3. Temperature, Dissolved Oxygen, and Ammonia were measured daily for the 14-day experiment. 4. The organisms were weighed, composited as necessary and frozen for DDx analysis. Left: SEA-Ring being lowered into the water from boat. Above: Diver preparing to insert apparatus into sediment. L. variegatus C. fluminea RESULTS • In both the lab and the field, significant levels of biaccumulation of DDx were observed in L. variegatus and C. fluminea. • L. variegatus had greater uptake of DDx in the lab than in the field. • C. Fluminea uptake levels had less variation in the lab than in the field, though much higher levels of bioaccumulation were observed in the field. • These observations imply that there may be species dependent variation between lab and field results, making the implementation of in-situ technology vital. • The in-situ technology eliminates the need for artificial sampling and lab procedures that are less accurate than this ecologically relevant apparatus. • Thus, our data enforces the importance for implementation of the SEA-Ring apparatus into current practices. CONCLUSION Acknowledgments: Funding provided by Environmental Security Technology Certification Program, in collaboration with SPAWAR, ZebraTech and the U.S. EPA. Figure 1. Qantico Embayment, with proposed TLC (green) over contaminated areas. Red circles indicate field sites, yellow is control site. C. fluminea - Field Station Control QB1 QB3 QB5 Tissue DDx (µg/Kg ww) 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 C. fluminea - Lab Station Control QB1 QB3 QB5 Tissue DDx (µg/Kg ww) 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 a b b b a a a a L. variegatus - Field Station Control QB1 QB3 QB5 Tissue DDx (µg/Kg ww) 0 100 200 300 400 500 L. variegatus - Lab Station Control QB1 QB3 QB5 Tissue DDx (µg/Kg ww) 0 100 200 300 400 500 a b b b Laboratory Experiment
Transcript of C. fluminea - Field C. fluminea - Lab · 2018-09-09 · The goal of this project is to establish...
The goal of this project is to establish the Sediment Ecotoxicity Assessment Ring (SEA Ring) technology as a standard and more applicable method of obtaining in situ data, as an alternative to traditional laboratory based approaches. The project assesses the technology’s ability to produce accurate data, allowing for the widespread implementation of this apparatus by personnel within the regulatory community, as well as project and water compliance managers to make scientifically valid, fiscally responsible, and environmentally conscious decisions. The SEA-Ring technology was tested on river sediments along a section of the Potomac River at the Quantico Marine Corps Base in Quantico, VA. The site was selected because it is contaminated with dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) from the runoff and seepage of pesticides from an old landfill and a pesticide storage building. Four SEA Rings were deployed into sediments for the in situ exposure of two freshwater benthic macroinvertibrates, the aquatic black worm, Lumbriculus variegatus and the Asian clam, Corbicula fluminea. Additionally, a laboratory experiment was set up using the same organisms and sediment cores from four field sites, to replicate a traditional laboratory exposure scenario. Both experiments were two weeks in duration, and organism tissue samples were collected at the end to analyze for DDT bioaccumulation. Ultimately, the project aims to test the efficiency of, optimize and establish the SEA Ring prototype fiscally, environmentally and scientifically viable in situ method of analyzing contaminated sediment sites.
ABSTRACT
SITE: • Field component was completed at the Quantico Marine Corps Base in
VA, which offered a unique opportunity to showcase the SEA-Ring at a DoD facility.
• From 1920 to 1971, waste from the Old Landfill, including municipal refuse, construction debris, paint, paint thinners and possibly pesticides from the Former Pesticide Control Building, has drained into the river and the site (Fig. 1) is now contaminated with DDx.
• Proposed Thin Layer Capping (TLC) (Fig. 1) over the contaminated area will ease the reestablishment of benthic organisms and accelerate natural sedimentation. • Subsurface sediment and biotic communities were sampled initially to measure potential risks to piscivorous birds, omnivorous mammals and fish.
BACKGROUND INFO
Figure 2. Schematic of SEA Ring (U.S. Patent Number 7,758,813)
Olivia Rath1, David Costello1, Anna Harrison1, Gunther Rosen2, G. Allen Burton1
1School of Natural Resources and Environment, University of Michigan
2Systems Center Pacific, Space and Naval Warfare Systems Command
DDx concentrations in L. variegatus tissue were significantly (p<0.05) higher in contaminated sediment compared to controls for both field and lab experiments. Higher concentrations of DDx were bioaccumulated by L. variegatus in the lab experiment.
SEA-Ring: • A circular carousel which houses ten exposure chambers (Fig. 2, 3) • Assesses exposure, uptake, and response of aquatic organisms to
sediment or overlying water in situ. • Advantageous to traditional laboratory tests because it removes the
uncertainties associated with sampling and laboratory testing artifacts. • The current research strives to increase the robustness of the SEA Ring
and establish standards of quality and efficiency.
DDx concentrations in C. fluminea field experiments were significantly (p<0.05) higher in contaminated sites than in the control, while no significant differences were observed between contaminated and control sediments in lab experiments. The field experiments yielded higher DDx than that lab.
Demonstration and Commercialization of the Sediment Ecosystem Assessment Protocol
Figure 3. Photograph (left), and schematic (right) of the prototype SEA-Ring system.
OBJECTIVES • Create universal test and quality control procedures.
• Produce sufficient relevant and quality data to scientifically validate the SEA-Ring technology.
• Promote regulatory acceptance through intense demonstrations at select DoD sites positioned in geographically diverse areas, specifically the Quantico Embayment.
• Develop cost and performance data to support the commercialization of the apparatus and establish an avenue for full-scale implementation.
• Establish the SEA-Ring apparatus as a clear alternative to sampling and laboratory based toxicity tests.
METHODS FIELD COMPONENT 1. Station locations were identified
and marked. 2. SEA-Rings were deployed: Divers
inserted SEA-Ring into sediment, released Lumbriculus variegatus and Corbicula fluminea into respective chambers.
3. SEA-Rings were recovered after 14 days.
4. The organisms were weighed, composited as necessary, and frozen for DDx analysis.
LAB COMPONENT 1. Core samples were collected
from Quantico field stations and set-up in laboratory.
2. L. variegatus and C. Fluminea were added to cores with continuously aerated lab water.
3. Temperature, Dissolved Oxygen, and Ammonia were measured daily for the 14-day experiment.
4. The organisms were weighed, composited as necessary and frozen for DDx analysis.
Left: SEA-Ring being lowered into the water from boat.
Above: Diver preparing to insert apparatus into sediment.
L. variegatus C. fluminea
RESULTS
• In both the lab and the field, significant levels of biaccumulation of DDx were observed in L. variegatus and C. fluminea.
• L. variegatus had greater uptake of DDx in the lab than in the field. • C. Fluminea uptake levels had less variation in the lab than in the field,
though much higher levels of bioaccumulation were observed in the field. • These observations imply that there may be species dependent variation
between lab and field results, making the implementation of in-situ technology vital.
• The in-situ technology eliminates the need for artificial sampling and lab procedures that are less accurate than this ecologically relevant apparatus.
• Thus, our data enforces the importance for implementation of the SEA-Ring apparatus into current practices.
CONCLUSION
Acknowledgments: Funding provided by Environmental Security Technology Certification Program, in collaboration with SPAWAR, ZebraTech and the U.S. EPA.
Figure 1. Qantico Embayment, with proposed TLC (green) over contaminated areas. Red circles indicate field sites, yellow is control site.
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