Byk Cloud Runner Mottling Trends: Process and Material ......Byk Cloud Runner Mottling Trends:...
Transcript of Byk Cloud Runner Mottling Trends: Process and Material ......Byk Cloud Runner Mottling Trends:...
Byk Cloud Runner Mottling Trends:
Process and Material Influences
Linda Gerhardt, PhD
Paint Quality & Competitive Benchmarking
Global Center - Strategy and Planning
GM ME Vehicle Systems
June 2013
AgendaInitial & Long-Term Quality are Statistically Clustered
� JD Power IQS3 (NA Metric): First 90 Days of Ownership
�Paint Defects� Blemishes, Dirt, Runs
� Peeling, Chips, Scratches
� JD Power VDS (NA Metric): Measured at 3 Years
�Paint Durability� Fading, Chipping
� Peeling, Cracking
Initial
Quality:
OEMs are
Statistically
Clustered
Long-Term
Quality:
OEMs are
Statistically
Clustered
~2 IPHV~4 IPHV
AgendaPerceived Quality: Not Easily Defined
�An Emotional Reaction
�Not Easily Characterized
� Perceptions Can Hold Even if Actual Quality Changes
“… Perceived Quality is the Single Most Important Contributor to a
Company’s ROI, having more Impact than Market Share, R&D, or
Marketing Expenditures…”
Aaker, Dr. David, Building Strong Brands,
New York: Simon and Schuster, Ltd., 2002
�Quality Perception: First 10 minutes
� First Impressions Extend Beyond Exterior Appearance and are Not Captured in Standard Quality Metrics
AgendaPaint Perceived Quality: A Science
�Methods that Capture the Customer’s Emotional Reaction
�PQ Dimensions Derived from Product Reviews and Customer Clinics / Verbatims
�Objective Metrics Correlated with what the Customer Sees and Values
�Benchmarking and Data Collection that Allow for Real BIS Target Setting
“You Can’t Manage What You Don’t Measure.”“You Can’t Manage What You Don’t Measure.”
-- Peter Drucker
AgendaField Survey - Validated Instruments
Exterior Surface Appearance
• Nominal Orange Peel “R” Value & Surface Uniformity
• Shortwave (SW), Longwave (LW), DOI
• Structure Spectrum (du-We) & Structure Balance (B)
Color Harmony
• Fascia and Body to Standard (GM Models)
• Fascia to Body Harmony (All Models)
Metallic Mottle
• Nominal Mottle “M” Value
• Mottle Spectrum
AgendaField Survey - Validated Instruments
Exterior Surface Appearance
• Nominal Orange Peel “R” Value & Surface Uniformity
• Shortwave (SW), Longwave (LW), DOI
• Structure Spectrum (du-We) & Structure Balance (B)
Color Harmony
• Fascia and Body to Standard (GM Models)
• Fascia to Body Harmony (All Models)
Metallic Mottle
• Nominal Mottle “M” Value
• Mottle Spectrum
Mottling: An Undesirable Defect Which Can Occur with Effect Coatings – It is Most Obvious on Light Metallic Finishes
� Total color impression
shows irregular areas
of lightness variation
� Most noticeable on
large body panels
� Can be caused by
coating formulation
or application process
Mottling: Visual Evaluation
� The visual perception of
mottling is dependent on
viewing distance
� Large mottles can be seen at
far distances
� Small mottles are more noticeable
at short distances
� Visual evaluation is subjective,
since it depends on lighting
conditions, observation
distance, and viewing angle
Byk Cloud Runner:Simulation of Visual Perception
� Objective evaluation requires
measurement of lightness
variation over a large sample
area under different detection
angles
� Byk Cloud Runner optical
measurement includes
� White light LED at 15° angle
� 3 Observation Conditions:
15°, 45°, and 60° from the
specular reflection
Byk Cloud Runner:Optical Principle & Measurement Scale
� The meter is rolled 10 cm (3.94 in) to 100 cm (39.4 in) and
lightness variation is measured point by point
� Mathematical filters divide the signal into 6 mottling ranges and
a rating value is calculated for each angle and mottle size
� The higher the value, the more visible the mottle for that range
Small Mottles =
Impact of Material
Large Mottles =
Impact of Process
Byk Cloud Runner:Interpretation of Measurement Data
Mottling is Dominated by the Maximum Value of the Large Mottles
Small Mottles =
Impact of Material
Large Mottles =
Impact of Process
1-3 in. 2-5 in.<0.5 in.
Byk Cloud Runner: Preliminary Testing
Measurement of Mottle at Dealerships (2009)Right Front Door
Light Tri-Coat
Impact of Material Technology / Process
15 Degree Mottle
2011 NA Field Survey:Mottle Measurement Pilot
Metallic Mottle(Byk Cloud Runner)
� Background• 2011: 1st Year in NA
• Horizontal
(Left Front Hood)
• Vertical
(Left Front Door Upper)
• 2 Colors (Light Tri-Coat & Light Metallic)
• 2 Templated Locations / 5 Measurements per Location
� Targeted Vehicles• All GM Models Marketed in NA
� Status• JN11-AU11 Data Collection
• AU11-NV11 Data Analysis
Acadia
CTS
CTS Coupe
CTS Wagon
Enclave
Escalade
Escalade EXT
LaCrosse
Lucerne
Malibu
Sierra LD Silao
SRX
STS
Suburban
Tahoe
Traverse
Volt
Yukon
Yukon XL
Acadia
CTS
CTS Coupe
CTS Wagon
Enclave
Escalade
Escalade EXT
LaCrosse
Lucerne
Malibu
Sierra LD Silao
SRX
STS
Suburban
Tahoe
Traverse
Volt
Yukon
Yukon XL
Lig
ht
Tri-
Co
at
Lig
ht
Me
tall
ic
Acadia
Avalanche
Aveo BUP
Camaro
Camaro Conv.
Canyon
Colorado
Corvette
Cruze
CTS
CTS Coupe
CTS V Coupe
DTS
Enclave
Equinox CAMI
Equinox OSH
Escalade EXT
Express
Impala
LaCrosse
Malibu
Regal
Sierra LD FW
Sierra LD SIL
Silverado HD FLT
Silverado LD FLT
Silverado LD FW
Silverado LD SIL
SRX
STS
Suburban
Tahoe
Terrain
Traverse
Volt
Yukon
Yukon XL
Acadia
Avalanche
Aveo BUP
Camaro
Camaro Conv.
Canyon
Colorado
Corvette
Cruze
CTS
CTS Coupe
CTS V Coupe
DTS
Enclave
Equinox CAMI
Equinox OSH
Escalade EXT
Express
Impala
LaCrosse
Malibu
Regal
Sierra LD FW
Sierra LD SIL
Silverado HD FLT
Silverado LD FLT
Silverado LD FW
Silverado LD SIL
SRX
STS
Suburban
Tahoe
Terrain
Traverse
Volt
Yukon
Yukon XL
2011 NA Field
Survey:Light
Tri-Coat
Ve
rtic
al:
Left
Fro
nt
Do
or
Up
pe
r
Ho
rizo
nta
l:
Left
Fro
nt
Ho
od
15 Degree Mottle
15 Degree Mottle
2011 NA Field
Survey:
Light Tri-Coat
Basecoat Technology
Ve
rtic
al:
Left
Fro
nt
Do
or
Up
pe
r
Ho
rizo
nta
l:
Left
Fro
nt
Ho
od
15 Degree Mottle
15 Degree Mottle
2011 NA Field
Survey:
Light Tri-Coat
Basecoat/Clearcoat
Technology
Ve
rtic
al:
Left
Fro
nt
Do
or
Up
pe
r
Ho
rizo
nta
l:
Left
Fro
nt
Ho
od
15 Degree Mottle
15 Degree Mottle
2011 NA Field
Survey:
Light Tri-Coat
Application Process
Ve
rtic
al:
Left
Fro
nt
Do
or
Up
pe
r
Ho
rizo
nta
l:
Left
Fro
nt
Ho
od
15 Degree Mottle
15 Degree Mottle
Byk’s SmartChart Software is Used to Set Up
and Analyze Data for All 3 Instruments:
BykMac, WaveScan, CloudRunner
2012 NA Field Survey:Mottle Measurement Pilot
Metallic Mottle(Byk Cloud Runner)
� Background• 2012: 2nd Year in NA
• Horizontal
(Left Front Hood)
• Vertical
(Left Front Door Upper)
• 2 Colors (Light Tri-Coat and Light Metallic )
• 2 Templated Locations / 5 Measurements per Location
� Targeted Vehicles• All GM Models Marketed in NA
� Status• JN12-JL12 Data Collection
• JL12-AU12 Data Analysis
Lig
ht
Tri-
Co
at
Lig
ht
Me
tall
ic
Silverado LD Silao
CTS Wagon
Escalade EXT
CTS Coupe
CTS
Volt
LaCrosse
Malibu 2013
SRX
Enclave
Acadia
Regal
Yukon XL
XTS
Suburban
Escalade
Yukon
Escalade ESV
Traverse
Verano
Silverado LD Silao
CTS Wagon
Escalade EXT
CTS Coupe
CTS
Volt
LaCrosse
Malibu 2013
SRX
Enclave
Acadia
Regal
Yukon XL
XTS
Suburban
Escalade
Yukon
Escalade ESV
Traverse
Verano
Acadia
Camaro
Camaro Convertible
Canyon
Colorado
Corvette
Cruze
CTS
CTS Coupe
CTS Wagon
Enclave
Equinox CAMI
Equinox OSH
Escalade
Escalade ESV
Escalade EXT
Impala
LaCrosse
Malibu 2013
Regal
Savana
Sierra HD Flint
Sierra LD FW
Sierra LD Silao
Silverado HD Flint
Silverado LD Flint
Silverado LD FW
Silverado LD Silao
Sonic Sdn
Sonic SUV
SRX
Suburban
Tahoe
Terrain
Traverse
Verano
Volt
XTS
Yukon
Yukon XL
Acadia
Camaro
Camaro Convertible
Canyon
Colorado
Corvette
Cruze
CTS
CTS Coupe
CTS Wagon
Enclave
Equinox CAMI
Equinox OSH
Escalade
Escalade ESV
Escalade EXT
Impala
LaCrosse
Malibu 2013
Regal
Savana
Sierra HD Flint
Sierra LD FW
Sierra LD Silao
Silverado HD Flint
Silverado LD Flint
Silverado LD FW
Silverado LD Silao
Sonic Sdn
Sonic SUV
SRX
Suburban
Tahoe
Terrain
Traverse
Verano
Volt
XTS
Yukon
Yukon XL
2012 NA Field Survey:
Light Metallic
Application Process
15 Degree Mottle
Vertical Surface
2012 NA Field Survey:
Light MetallicBasecoat
Technology
15 Degree Mottle
Vertical Surface
15 Degree Mottle
Vertical Surface
2012 NA Field Survey:
Light Metallic
Application Process
Byk Cloud Runner: Preliminary Testing
Measurement of Mottle at Dealerships (2009)Right Front Door
Light Tri-Coat
Impact of Material Technology / Process
Estat Robotic Bell
Estat Robotic Bell
Conversion Since
2011 Survey
Data Collection
15 Degree Mottle
2012 NA Field Survey: Mottling ChartsPlant A
Light MetallicWBBC / 2KCC, Bell / Bell
Negative Texture = Large
Mottles More Apparent
Positive Texture = Large Mottles
Better Hidden by Small Mottle
2012 NA Field Survey: Mottling ChartsPlant P
Light MetallicSBBC / 1KCC, Bell / Gun
Negative Texture = Large
Mottles More Apparent
Positive Texture = Large Mottles
Better Hidden by Small Mottle
2012 NA Field Survey:Light Metallic - Vertical Mottling Charts
BOB – Plant A: WBBC/2KCC & Bell/Bell
WOW – Plant P: SBBC/1KCC & Bell/Gun
2012 NA Field Survey: Mottling ChartsPlant A
Light MetallicWBBC / 2KCC, Bell / Bell
2012 NA Field Survey: Mottling ChartsPlant B
Light MetallicWBBC / 2KCC, Bell / Bell
2012 NA Field Survey: Mottling ChartsPlant C
Light MetallicWBBC / 2KCC, Bell / Bell
2012 NA Field Survey: Mottling ChartsPlant D
Light MetallicWBBC / 2KCC, Bell / Bell
2012 NA Field Survey: Mottling ChartsPlant E
Light MetallicWBBC / 1KCC, Bell / Bell
2012 NA Field Survey: Mottling ChartsPlant F
Light MetallicSBBC / 1KCC, Bell / Bell
2012 NA Field Survey: Mottling ChartsPlant G
Light MetallicSBBC / 1KCC, Bell / Gun
2012 NA Field Survey: Mottling ChartsPlant H
Light MetallicWBBC / 2KCC, Gun / Gun
2012 NA Field Survey: Mottling ChartsPlant I
Light MetallicWBBC / 1KCC, Bell / Bell
2012 NA Field Survey: Mottling ChartsPlant J
Light MetallicSBBC / 1KCC, Bell / Bell
2012 NA Field Survey: Mottling ChartsPlant K
Light MetallicSBBC / 1KCC, Bell / Gun
2012 NA Field Survey: Mottling ChartsPlant L
Light MetallicWBBC / 2KCC, Bell / Bell
2012 NA Field Survey: Mottling ChartsPlant K
Light Metallic WBBC / 2KCC, Gun / Gun
2012 NA Field Survey: Mottling ChartsPlant N
Light MetallicSBBC / 2KCC, Gun / Gun
2012 NA Field Survey: Mottling ChartsPlant O
Light MetallicWBBC / 2KCC, Gun / Gun
2012 NA Field Survey: Mottling ChartsPlant P
Light MetallicSBBC / 1KCC, Bell / Gun
Byk Cloud Runner:Summary & Path Forward
� Meter Allows for Objective Evaluation of Mottle
� Gage R&R Validated – In Paint Tool Box
� 2 Years of Field Survey Data for GM NA Models Show Potential Actionable Trends
� Cloud Runner Appears to be a Valuable Tool for Process Development for Launches & New Equipment (Pathwork Verification)