Buttons & Laces

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    TEXTILES IT IS ANY KIND OF FABRIC MADE FROM

    WEAVING, KNITTING, NON WOVEN,CROCHETING BRAIDING OR MACRAME OUT OFFIBERS

    IT ALSO REFERS TO THREADS, YARNS, WOOLS

    THAT CAN BE SPUNNED OR TUFTED, TIED OROTHERWISE USE TO MANUFACTURE CLOTH.

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    TEXTILES IN FASHION IT IS THE RAW MATERIAL FOR GARMENTS

    IT IS ALSO REQUIRED FOR UPHOLSTERY,

    BEDDING, CURTAINS ETC. IT IS ALSO USED FOR BAGS & SHOES.

    IT IS ALSO USED IN FASTENERS LIKE BELTS, ZIPS,BUTTONS, TAGS & LABELS.

    TO MAKE A UNIQUE PIECE OF CREATION AGOOD KNOWLEDGE OF TEXTILES IS REQUIRED.

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    TRIMMING INDUSTRY IT IS A SECONDARY SUPPLY USED TO COMPLETE A

    GARMENT. TO A GREATER EXTENT, THETRIMMING INDUSTRY IS TREATED AS ANEXTENSION OF THE TEXTILE INDUSTRY HAVINGSIMILAR PRODUCTION & MAKING PROCEDURES.

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    TRIMMINGS ARE USED TO FINISH AND ADORNBOTH GARMENTS & THE ACCESSORIES. THETRIMS ARE PURCHASED BY THE FABRIC MAKERSOR TRIM BUYERS.

    TRIMMINGS APPLIED TO THE GARMENTS MUSTHAVE THE SAME CARE PROPERTIES AS THE

    FABRIC USED IN THE GARMENT.

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    TYPES FOR WOMEN- LACES, RIBBONS, BUTTONS ETC.

    FOR MEN- INTERFACINGS, TAPES, ELASTIC ETC.

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    ELASTIC THESE HAVE WIDE APPLICATION IN SWIM WEAR,

    UNDERWEAR, ACTIVE WEAR ETC.

    THE MAIN FUNCTION OF ELASTICS IN THEGARMENT IS EASE IN DRESSING IN COMFORTAPPAREL.

    IT IS MADE FROM SPANDEX WHICH IS ALSO

    REFFERED AS MAN MADE RUBBER. THE ELASTIC STRANDS ARE WRAPPED WITH

    POLYESTER, COTTON OR ACETATE.

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    ELASTIC BANDS

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    IN GARMENTS

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    INTERFACINGS IT IS USED FOR STRUCTURING & SUPPORTING IN

    JACKETS & COATS.

    THE INTERFACING ARE APPLIED AS A LAYER OFFABRIC BETWEEN THE GARMENT & FABRIC; & ITSFACING FABRIC.

    IT IS ALSO USED IN COLLARS, LAPELS, CUFFS,

    POCKETS ETC. MOSTLY MADE OF LINEN, BURLAP OR

    HORSEHAIR.

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    BUCKRAM

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    FUSING

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    CAN CAN

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    PADDING FOR WARM CLOTHES

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    PADDED TEXTILES

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    PADDING FOR DIFFERENT USES

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    NARROW FABRICS THESE INCLUDE RIBBONS, BRAIDS AND OTHER

    DECORATIVE BANDS, WHICH MAY BE WOVEN ORKNITTED.

    THESE HAVE EITHER FUNCTIONAL ORDECORATIVE USE.

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    RIBBONS

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    CORDS & BRAIDED BANDS

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    FASTENERS THE FASTENERS HAVE FUNCTIONAL PURPOSE

    THAN THE DECORATIVE FUNCTION.

    THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF FASTENERS AREZIPPERS, BUTTONS, VELCRO, HOOK AND LOOPFASTENERS.

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    VELCROVELCRO IS A POPULAR MEANS OF FASTENING.

    IT IS OF DIFFERENT TYPES

    VELCRO IS MADE OF MAN MADE FIBRES. IT HAS TWO PORTIONS ONE WITH BRISTTLES

    AND OTHER FUSED

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    VELCRO

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    TYPES OF VELCRO

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    ZIPPERS ZIP ARE A MODERN WAY OF FASTENING DRESSES,

    BAGS, SHOES ETC.

    ZIPS ARE MADE OF PLASTIC, METAL,STEEL ETC

    ZIPS CAN BE INVISIBLE, TWO WAY ETC.

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    TYPES OF ZIPPERS

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    ZIPPERS

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    HOOK & EYE

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    SNAP FASTENERS

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    TYPES OF SNAP FASTENERS

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    Laces IT IS AN OPEN WORK FABRIC WITH OPEN HOLES

    IN THE WORK BY HAND OR BY MACHINE.

    Lace-making is an ancient craft. True lace was notmade until the late 15th and early 16th centuries. Atrue lace is created when a thread is looped, twisted orbraided to other threads independently from a backingfabric.

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    EARLIER LACE MAKING WAS A DOMESTIC ART,

    LATER ON WAS DONE BY NUNS FOR CHURCHCEREMONIES. LACE WAS THEN USED FOR VEILS &OTHER GARMENT APPLICATION. AS THEFASHION SPREAD, A HAND INDUSTRY BROADLY

    DEVELOPED AMONG THE EUROPEAN CITIES. LACES WERE VERY POPULAR IN THE

    RENAISSANCE PERIOD. THIS INITIATED THE RISEOF FRENCH LACE INDUSTRY TO EMINENCE.

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    TYPES OF HANDMADE LACES BOBBIN OR PILLOW LACE

    CROCHETED LACE

    DARNED LACE NEEDLEPOINT LACE

    TATTING LACE

    MACRAME LACE

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    BOBBIN OR PILLOW LACEA PATTERN IS DRAWN ON PAPER WHICH IS THEN

    PLACED ON THE PILLOW & HELD WITH PINS SETINTO IT IN CONFORMITY WITH THE DESIGN. A

    NUMBER OF THREADS, EACH ON ITS OWNBOBBIN, ARE INTERLACED BY TWISTING &PLAITING AROUND THE PINS TO PRODUCE THEMOTIF IN A MESH CONSTRUCTION.

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    BOBBIN LACE

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    CROCHETED LACE IT IS MADE WITH A HOOK TO FORM A SERIES OF

    LOOPS, EACH ONE OF WHICH IS FINISHED WITHA FINE STITCH.

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    CROCHETED LACE

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    DARNED LACE IT HAS A DESIGN DARNED BY A CHAIN STITCH

    ONTO A MESH BACKGROUND. TWO TYPES

    ANTIQUE LACE- HAS A DARNED LACE PATTERNON A RECTANGULAR MESH BACKGROUND

    FILET LACE- HAS A DARNED LACE DESIGN ON ASQUARE MESH BACKGROUND.

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    DARNED LACE

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    NEEDLE POINT LACE IT IS MADE ENTIRELY WITH A SEWING NEEDLE &

    THREAD. A DESIGN IS DRAWN ON PAPER,THREAD IS LAID OVER THE DESIGN, AND THE

    THREAD IS THEN SEWN IN PLACE WITH BUTTONHOLE & BLANKET STITCH

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    NEEDLE POINT LACE

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    TATTING LACE IT IS A KNOTTED LACE MADE WITH THE AID OF A

    SMALL SHUTTLE.

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    TATTING LACE

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    MACRAME LACE

    IT DIFFERS FROM OTHER TYPES OF LACES INTEXTURE & APPEARANCE.IT IS GENERALLY MADEOF HEAVY YARN KNOTTED INTO LARGE DESIGNS.

    IT IS USED FOR WOMENS HATS, HANDBAGS,BELTS & VESTS.

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    MACRAME LACE

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    MACHINE MADE LACES

    LEAVERS LACE

    NOTTINGHAM LACE

    BOBBIN LACE RASCHEL LACE

    SCHIFFI LACE

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    LEAVERS LACE

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    NOTTINGHAM LACE

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    RASCHEL LACE

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    MACHINE MADE LACE

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    HISTORY OF BUTTONSButton-like objects have been found in the Indus Valley

    of ancient Pakistan and date back to around 2000

    B.C.E. These were not used for fasteners, but for

    ornaments. Before they were used for fastening, pins,

    leather lacing and belts were used to secure clothing.Before buttons could be used as fasteners, the button

    hole had to be devised. Evidence dates the first button

    and button hole closure systems to the 13th century in

    Germany. This may have been a solution to theproblem of how to secure clothing that was becoming

    more and more form-fitting, without having to resort to

    sharp pins.

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    HISTORY

    The Scovill Manufacturing Company in America made a set of goldbuttons with the profile of George Washington on them that werepresented to Marquis de Lafayette during his U.S. visit in 1824.

    With the increased cost of ivory in the 19th century, buttonmanufacturers began to make them out of a nut from a specific kind ofpalm tree in South America. This is called vegetable ivory, or corozo.

    When the nut is dried, it is a very reasonable facsimile for genuineivory, and is still used today.

    The first buttons made from celluloid, one of the first types of plastics,

    were made in the 1860's.

    Before World War One, most button manufacturing was done inEurope, specifically England. After the war, the United States becamethe center of button making until modern times.

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    BUTTONS

    In modern clothing and fashion design, a button is smallfastener, most commonly made of plastic, but also frequently ofseashell, which secures two pieces of fabric together. In

    archaeology a button can be a significant artifact. In theapplied arts and in craft, a button can be an example of folk art,studio craft, or even a miniature work of art.

    Buttons are most often attached to articles of clothing but can

    also be used on containers such as wallets and bags. However,buttons may be sewn onto garments and similar itemsexclusively for purposes of ornamentation. Buttons serving asfasteners work by slipping through a fabric or thread loop, or bysliding through a buttonhole.

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    Types of fabric buttons

    Covered buttons are fabric-covered forms with a separate backpiece that secures the fabric over the knob.

    Mandarin buttons or Frogs are knobs made of intricatelyknotted strings. Mandarin buttons are a key element in

    Mandarin dress(Qi Pao and cheongsam in Chinese), where theyare closed with loops. Pairs of mandarin buttons worn as cufflinks are called silk knots.

    Worked or cloth buttons are created by embroidering or

    crocheting tight stitches (usually with linen thread) over a knobor ring called a form

    Metal buttons- made out of metal used for denims, jacketsetc.

    Plastic buttons- made of plastic used for shirts, blouses,

    tops etc.

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    FABRIC COVERED BUTTONS

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    MANDARIN BUTTONS

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    METAL BUTTONS

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    PLASTIC BUTTONS

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    SHELL BUTTONS

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    MOTHER OF PEARL BUTTONS

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    IVORY BUTTONS

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    VEGETABLE IVORY

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    HORN BUTTONS

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    BRASS BUTTONS

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    FANCY BUTTONS

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    EMBROIDERED BUTTONS

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    THANK YOU